卫宁北山多金属矿构造岩相成矿规律与找矿研究
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摘要
卫宁北山地区是宁夏境内最具有勘查前景的金属矿成矿区之一,具有得天独厚的成矿地质背景和良好的成矿条件。目前,该区已做了大量的基础工作,研究成果众多,但是找矿工作一直没有取得重大突破。本文以含矿建造-构造-成矿综合研究为主线,综合前人研究成果,深入分析了卫宁北山多金属矿的成矿规律,探讨了矿床成因类型,建立了找矿标志。以中上奥陶统的各类建造为基础,其上沉积了较厚的泥盆系和石炭系碎屑岩建造和碳酸盐岩建造,而多金属矿就产于石炭系前黑山组和土坡组的灰岩和砂岩中,为主要的赋矿地层。三叠纪末期的印支运动,形成了以SN向挤压为主近EW向展布的断裂和褶皱,控制了卫宁北山地区的构造格局和演化以及多金属矿的空间分布,而矿体主要产于较大构造破碎带的次一级构造中,构造控矿明显。多金属矿的形成与燕山期中酸性岩浆的侵入密切相关,为中-低温热液矿床。依据上述成果,指出了卫宁北山找矿方向和有利区段。
The Weiningbeishan is one of the most promising metallogenic deposits in Ningxia,which has advantaged geological background and favorable metallogenic conditions.At present,the area has been explored and studied for many years,but there has been no major breakthrough for prospecting.Taking the synthetic study of formation-tectonics-mineralization as the basic way of thinking,the metallogenic regularities of polymetallic deposits is analyzed,the genetic type of deposit is discussed,and the prospecting sign is established.With the middle-upper Ordovician series as the sedimentary formational basis,the thick Devonian and Carboniferous clastic rock and carbonate formation was developed on it,and the polymetallic ore is found in the limestone and sandstone of the Tupo and Qianheishan formaion in Carboniferous series which is the main mineralization strata.The Indosinian movement in the late Triassic period,the extension direction of fracture and fold formed by the south-north extrusion was east and west,which not onlycontrolled the tectonic framework and evolution of the Weiningbeishan,but also controlled the spatial distribution of polymetallic minerals.The ore body is mainly produced in the subgrade structure of the larger structural fracture zone,which is controlled by the structure obviously.The formation of polymetallic ore is closely related to the intrusion of acidic magma in Yanshan period,and the genetic type of deposit is mediumlow temperature hydrothermal deposit.On the basis of above mentioned results,the prospecting direction and favorable segments for prospecting in the Weiningbeishan can be proposed.
The Weiningbeishan is one of the most promising metallogenic deposits in Ningxia,which has advantaged geological background and favorable metallogenic conditions.At present,the area has been explored and studied for many years,but there has been no major breakthrough for prospecting.Taking the synthetic study of formation-tectonics-mineralization as the basic way of thinking,the metallogenic regularities of polymetallic deposits is analyzed,the genetic type of deposit is discussed,and the prospecting sign is established.With the middle-upper Ordovician series as the sedimentary formational basis,the thick Devonian and Carboniferous clastic rock and carbonate formation was developed on it,and the polymetallic ore is found in the limestone and sandstone of the Tupo and Qianheishan formaion in Carboniferous series which is the main mineralization strata.The Indosinian movement in the late Triassic period,the extension direction of fracture and fold formed by the south-north extrusion was east and west,which not onlycontrolled the tectonic framework and evolution of the Weiningbeishan,but also controlled the spatial distribution of polymetallic minerals.The ore body is mainly produced in the subgrade structure of the larger structural fracture zone,which is controlled by the structure obviously.The formation of polymetallic ore is closely related to the intrusion of acidic magma in Yanshan period,and the genetic type of deposit is mediumlow temperature hydrothermal deposit.On the basis of above mentioned results,the prospecting direction and favorable segments for prospecting in the Weiningbeishan can be proposed.
引文
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[2]翟裕生,邓军,李晓波.区域成矿学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[3]翟裕生,等.古陆边缘成矿系统[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.
[4]翟裕生,等.成矿系统[M].北京:地质出版社,2010.
[5]艾宁.宁夏卫宁北山金场子金矿矿床地质与地球化学研究[D].西安:西北大学,2014.
[6]徐国风.论宁夏金场子渗流热卤水:表生改造型金矿床的矿源[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,1988,13(2):147-153.
[7]霍福臣,潘行适,尤国林,等.宁夏地质概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1989.
[8]刘志坚.宁夏卫宁北山金、铅、银多金属矿成矿地质特征[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.
[9]李小东.宁夏香山腰岘子铜(银)矿床及其控矿构造研究[D].西安:长安大学,2010.
[10]艾宁,任战利,李文厚,等.宁夏卫宁北山地区矿床类型及成矿时代[J].矿床地质,2011,30(5):941-948.
[11]杨军宁,魏民,孙志鹏,等.宁夏中卫市卫宁北山金场子金矿外围及深部多金属矿预查地质报告[R].宁夏回族自治区地质调查院,2011.
[12]冯益民,何世平.祁连山及其邻区大地构造基本特征——兼论早古生代海相火山岩的成因环境[J].西北地质科学,1995,16(1):92-102.
[13]潘桂棠,陆松年,肖庆辉,等.中国大地构造阶段划分和演化[J].地学前缘,2016,23(6):1-23.
[14]仲佳鑫,李欢,李鹏,等.宁夏卫宁北山金场子金矿床地质特征与控矿因素分析[J].西北地质,2012,45(3):81-92.
[15]宋新华,尹秉喜,闫红,等.航磁资料在卫宁北山寻找多金属矿中的应用[J].物探与化探,2010,34(3):289-293.
[16]赵晓辰,刘池洋,赵岩,等.河西走廊过渡带东部香山群硅质岩地球化学特征及其地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(1):83-94.
[17]周特先,姚茂文,王利,等.宁夏构造地貌[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,1994.
[18]张珂,刘开瑜,吴加敏,等.宁夏中卫盆地的沉积特征及其所反映的新构造运动[J].沉积学报,2004,22(3):465-473.
[19]吴文忠,孟方,王红,等.宁夏卫宁北山钴异常的物质来源研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2013,44(4):485-489.