贵州福鼎大白茶低温冻害指标研究
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摘要
为贵州茶叶生产的精准农业气象服务提供科学依据,以贵州茶叶主栽品种福鼎大白茶为研究对象,以植物膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)和相对电导率(R)为考察指标,研究低温冻害胁迫环境下贵州福鼎大白茶的生理特性变化,并通过Logistic函数拟合确定低温半致死温度。结果表明:低温胁迫程度不同,福鼎大白茶生理响应特征不同。MDA含量随处理温度的下降呈先升高后下降的趋势,随着胁迫时间的延长总体呈升高的趋势,低温为0℃持续3d时MDA含量达到最大,为2.38μmol/L。相对电导率随低温胁迫程度的加深(不论是温度降低还是胁迫时间延长),均呈上升趋势,但上升的趋势不均匀,其中0℃的低温对相对电导率的影响小,而-1℃和-2℃的低温影响较大。贵州福鼎大白茶低温半致死温度与低温胁迫持续天数正相关,当低温胁迫天数为1d时,低温半致死温度为-3.1℃,而当低温胁迫天数为2d时,低温半致死温度为-3.0℃。因此,茶叶的低温冻害指标应根据当地倒春寒低温冻害天气发生发展过程来确定。
In order to provide scientific basis for precision agricultural meteorological service of tea production,in the paper,Fortin White Tea as major tea cultivar in Guizhou was researched,and the examining indexes were plant membrane lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde(MDA)and relative conductivity(R),the physiological characteristics and semi-lethal temperature of Fortin White Tea in the low temperature stress environment were studied.The semi-lethal temperature was determined by Logistic function.Results:The physiological response characteristics of Fortin White Tea were different under different low temperature stress.MDA content first increased and then decreased with the decrease of treatment temperature,increasing with the extension of stress time.MDA content reached the maximum(2.38μmol/L)at a low temperature of 0℃and sustaining 3 days.The relative conductivity increased with the deepening of low temperature stress(no matter the temperature decreased or the stress time prolonged),while the trend of increase was uneven.The low temperature of 0℃ had little effect on the relative conductivity,while the low temperature of-1℃and-2℃ had a greater effect.Low-temperature semi-lethal temperature was positively correlated with the duration of low-temperature stress days.When the low-temperature stress lasted for 1 d,the low-temperature semi-lethal temperature was-3.1℃,while the low-temperature stress lasted for 2 d,the low-temperature semi-lethal temperature was-3.0℃.Therefore,the low-temperature freezing injury index of tea should be determined according to the development process of the late spring coldness.
In order to provide scientific basis for precision agricultural meteorological service of tea production,in the paper,Fortin White Tea as major tea cultivar in Guizhou was researched,and the examining indexes were plant membrane lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde(MDA)and relative conductivity(R),the physiological characteristics and semi-lethal temperature of Fortin White Tea in the low temperature stress environment were studied.The semi-lethal temperature was determined by Logistic function.Results:The physiological response characteristics of Fortin White Tea were different under different low temperature stress.MDA content first increased and then decreased with the decrease of treatment temperature,increasing with the extension of stress time.MDA content reached the maximum(2.38μmol/L)at a low temperature of 0℃and sustaining 3 days.The relative conductivity increased with the deepening of low temperature stress(no matter the temperature decreased or the stress time prolonged),while the trend of increase was uneven.The low temperature of 0℃ had little effect on the relative conductivity,while the low temperature of-1℃and-2℃ had a greater effect.Low-temperature semi-lethal temperature was positively correlated with the duration of low-temperature stress days.When the low-temperature stress lasted for 1 d,the low-temperature semi-lethal temperature was-3.1℃,while the low-temperature stress lasted for 2 d,the low-temperature semi-lethal temperature was-3.0℃.Therefore,the low-temperature freezing injury index of tea should be determined according to the development process of the late spring coldness.
引文
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[4]杨帆,刘布春,刘园,等.气候变化对东北玉米干旱指数保险纯费率厘定的影响[J].中国农业气象,2015,36(3):346-355.
[5]吴雪霞,查丁石,邰翔.低温胁迫对茄子幼苗生长、抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2008,24(4):471-475.
[6]姚悦梅,戴忠良,张振超,等.羽衣甘蓝对低温的生理响应与耐寒性综合评价[J].江苏农业学报,2017,33(6):1349-1357.
[7]蒋媛,位杰,林彩霞,等.6个香梨品种的低温半致死温度比较及耐寒性评价[J].江苏农业学报,2017(6):1358-1363.
[8]张曼,胡雪丹,徐锦华.等.葫芦砧木种质资源耐冷性评价[J].江苏农业学报,2016(6):1390-1395.
[9]唐士勇.Logistic方程在果树低温半致死温度测定中的应用[J].北方果树,1993(4):23-24.
[10]杨学军,孙振元,韩蕾,等.4种地锦属植物半致死低温及抗寒生理指标研究[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(1):147-150.
[11]尹航,王欣亚,金大翔,等.低温诱导胁迫下不同烟草品种电导率及抗氧化酶活性的变化[J].延边大学农学学报,2018(1):46-52.
[12]李波,王烨,陈雪梅,等.卫星搭载苜蓿叶片愈伤组织对低温和干旱胁迫的响应[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013(17):91-93.
[13]魏秀清,许玲,章希娟,等.莲雾对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性分析[J].果树学报,2016(1):73-80.
[14]王娜,王奎玲,刘庆华,等.四种常绿阔叶树种的抗寒性[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3114-3122.
[15]王佩芝,张慧,王燕凌,等.小麦低温半致死温度简易测定法[J].新疆农业科学,1990(5):207.
[16]范子南,曾焕泰.水稻杂种优势早期预测的生理指标研究[J].福建师范大学学报(自然科学版),1984(2):87-92.
[17]许瑛,陈发棣.菊花8个品种的低温低温半致死温度及其抗寒适应性[J].园艺学报,2008,35(4):559-564.
[18]刘冰,王有科.应用Logistic方程确定花椒枝条低温低温半致死温度[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2005,40(4):475-479.
[19]杜人杰,曲跃军,陶双勇,等.6个山楂品种低温低温半致死温度的测定[J].林业科技,2017,42(4):17-19.
[20]邓仁菊,范建新,王永清,等.低温胁迫下火龙果的低温半致死温度及抗寒性分析[J].植物生理学报,2014(11):1742-1748.
[21]李元钦,叶乃兴,张绍铃.电导法在茶树抗性研究中的应用———茶树品种抗寒力的鉴定[J].茶叶科学技术,1985(2):26-28.
[22]李吉涛,谢伟玲,柴胜丰,等.三种金花茶低温半致死温度研究[J].北方园艺,2016(6):59-63.
[23]张翠玲,王玉,丁兆堂,等.茶树无性系品种抗寒性的LT_(50)研究[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(6):24-25.
[24]侯渝嘉,唐敏,胡翔.电导法鉴定茶树种质资源的抗寒性[C]//2009茶叶科技创新与产业发展学术研讨会,2009:23-28.
[25]金孝芳,贾尚智,石亚亚,等.以电导法配合Logistic方程鉴定茶树品种(系)的抗寒性[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(20):4538-4539.
[26]王奎玲,黄鑫,刘庆超,等.耐冬山茶叶结构与耐寒性关系研究[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2007,24(3):189-192.
[27]徐康.低温胁迫下茶梅‘小玫瑰’(Camellia hiemalis'ShiShi Gashira')生理生化变化的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2003:29-33.
[28]杨桂英,何瀚,曹子林,等.3种不同倍性滇山茶的耐寒性研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(2):335-343.
[29]章丹峰,吴楠,倪宝莲.冬季自然低温条件下山茶属植物山茶品种的抗寒性[J].浙江农业科学,2011(6):1288-1290.
[30]吴楠.浙江红山茶不同种源幼苗耐热性与抗寒性研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2011:55-60.
[31]李仁忠,金志凤,杨再强,等.浙江省茶树春霜冻害气象指标的修订[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(10):2659-2666.
[32]王瑞,马凤鸣,李彩凤,等.低温胁迫对玉米幼苗脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及电导率的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(5):20-23.
[33]李鹏程,苏学德,王晶晶,等.8种葡萄砧木品种的低温半致死温度与抗寒性综合评价[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2017,52(1):92-96.
[34]李叶云,庞磊,陈启文.低温胁迫对茶树叶片生理特性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(4):134-138.
[2]刘映宁,贺文丽,李艳莉,等.陕西果区苹果花期冻害农业保险风险指数的设计[J].中国农业气象,2010,31(1):125-129.
[3]沈翼辉,李俊,郑健雄,等.宁波市杨梅气象灾害风险分析与气象指数保险产品设计[J].中国保险,2017(4):52-55.
[4]杨帆,刘布春,刘园,等.气候变化对东北玉米干旱指数保险纯费率厘定的影响[J].中国农业气象,2015,36(3):346-355.
[5]吴雪霞,查丁石,邰翔.低温胁迫对茄子幼苗生长、抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2008,24(4):471-475.
[6]姚悦梅,戴忠良,张振超,等.羽衣甘蓝对低温的生理响应与耐寒性综合评价[J].江苏农业学报,2017,33(6):1349-1357.
[7]蒋媛,位杰,林彩霞,等.6个香梨品种的低温半致死温度比较及耐寒性评价[J].江苏农业学报,2017(6):1358-1363.
[8]张曼,胡雪丹,徐锦华.等.葫芦砧木种质资源耐冷性评价[J].江苏农业学报,2016(6):1390-1395.
[9]唐士勇.Logistic方程在果树低温半致死温度测定中的应用[J].北方果树,1993(4):23-24.
[10]杨学军,孙振元,韩蕾,等.4种地锦属植物半致死低温及抗寒生理指标研究[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(1):147-150.
[11]尹航,王欣亚,金大翔,等.低温诱导胁迫下不同烟草品种电导率及抗氧化酶活性的变化[J].延边大学农学学报,2018(1):46-52.
[12]李波,王烨,陈雪梅,等.卫星搭载苜蓿叶片愈伤组织对低温和干旱胁迫的响应[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013(17):91-93.
[13]魏秀清,许玲,章希娟,等.莲雾对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性分析[J].果树学报,2016(1):73-80.
[14]王娜,王奎玲,刘庆华,等.四种常绿阔叶树种的抗寒性[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3114-3122.
[15]王佩芝,张慧,王燕凌,等.小麦低温半致死温度简易测定法[J].新疆农业科学,1990(5):207.
[16]范子南,曾焕泰.水稻杂种优势早期预测的生理指标研究[J].福建师范大学学报(自然科学版),1984(2):87-92.
[17]许瑛,陈发棣.菊花8个品种的低温低温半致死温度及其抗寒适应性[J].园艺学报,2008,35(4):559-564.
[18]刘冰,王有科.应用Logistic方程确定花椒枝条低温低温半致死温度[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2005,40(4):475-479.
[19]杜人杰,曲跃军,陶双勇,等.6个山楂品种低温低温半致死温度的测定[J].林业科技,2017,42(4):17-19.
[20]邓仁菊,范建新,王永清,等.低温胁迫下火龙果的低温半致死温度及抗寒性分析[J].植物生理学报,2014(11):1742-1748.
[21]李元钦,叶乃兴,张绍铃.电导法在茶树抗性研究中的应用———茶树品种抗寒力的鉴定[J].茶叶科学技术,1985(2):26-28.
[22]李吉涛,谢伟玲,柴胜丰,等.三种金花茶低温半致死温度研究[J].北方园艺,2016(6):59-63.
[23]张翠玲,王玉,丁兆堂,等.茶树无性系品种抗寒性的LT_(50)研究[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(6):24-25.
[24]侯渝嘉,唐敏,胡翔.电导法鉴定茶树种质资源的抗寒性[C]//2009茶叶科技创新与产业发展学术研讨会,2009:23-28.
[25]金孝芳,贾尚智,石亚亚,等.以电导法配合Logistic方程鉴定茶树品种(系)的抗寒性[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(20):4538-4539.
[26]王奎玲,黄鑫,刘庆超,等.耐冬山茶叶结构与耐寒性关系研究[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2007,24(3):189-192.
[27]徐康.低温胁迫下茶梅‘小玫瑰’(Camellia hiemalis'ShiShi Gashira')生理生化变化的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2003:29-33.
[28]杨桂英,何瀚,曹子林,等.3种不同倍性滇山茶的耐寒性研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(2):335-343.
[29]章丹峰,吴楠,倪宝莲.冬季自然低温条件下山茶属植物山茶品种的抗寒性[J].浙江农业科学,2011(6):1288-1290.
[30]吴楠.浙江红山茶不同种源幼苗耐热性与抗寒性研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2011:55-60.
[31]李仁忠,金志凤,杨再强,等.浙江省茶树春霜冻害气象指标的修订[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(10):2659-2666.
[32]王瑞,马凤鸣,李彩凤,等.低温胁迫对玉米幼苗脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及电导率的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(5):20-23.
[33]李鹏程,苏学德,王晶晶,等.8种葡萄砧木品种的低温半致死温度与抗寒性综合评价[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2017,52(1):92-96.
[34]李叶云,庞磊,陈启文.低温胁迫对茶树叶片生理特性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(4):134-138.