南海北部潮汕坳陷上白垩统盆地原型及其大地构造背景分析
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摘要
潮汕坳陷MZ-1井揭示的中生界为深入分析南海北部晚中生代的构造演化提供了关键性的资料.基于MZ-1井的标定,开展了系统的地震剖面构造-地层解释,在中生代地层内识别出Tm30区域性不整合面,同位素定年确定该界面发育于早白垩世末至晚白垩世初,落实了潮汕坳陷上白垩统的分布.此外,在研究区西南部识别出大型的兴宁—东沙逆冲推覆带,主要由多条NW—SE向延伸、西倾的叠瓦状逆冲断层及其伴生的不对称褶皱组成,其明显控制了上白垩统厚度分布.由此可见,上白垩统构造层不具有张裂盆地的典型特征,因此南海北部主动陆缘向被动陆缘的转换不会早于晚白垩世末.研究认为,在南海地区特提斯残留洋盆关闭的总背景下,在约80 Ma时期,南海地块与华南陆块强烈碰撞挤压,在靠近碰撞带处的礼乐滩、潮汕坳陷西南部形成褶皱冲断构造体系,进而控制了潮汕坳陷晚白垩世周缘前陆盆地的发育.
Mesozoic strata of the Chaoshan depression revealed by well MZ-1 provides critical data for the analysis of the Late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the northern South China Sea.Based on interpreting the seismic profiles calibrated through well log MZ-1,a systematical tectono-stratigraphicanalysis has been carried out.A regional unconformity Tm30 was identified,and isotope dating determined that Tm30 formed during late Early Cretaceous to early Late Cretaceous.Accordingly,the distribution of the Upper Cretaceous in the Chaoshan depression was determined.In addition,a large-scale Xingning-Dongsha thrust-fold belt was recognized in the southwest of the research area,which consists of several NW-SE extending,westward dipping imbricate thrust faults and associated asymmetric folds,posing a significant impact during the deposition of Upper Cretaceous.Due to the lack of typical characteristics of a rift basin in the Upper Cretaceous sequence,it can be inferred that the transition of the northern margin of the South China Sea from an active margin to a passive margin postdates the end of the Late Cretaceous.Our research results suggest that in ageneral tectonic setting of the closure of the remnant Tethys oceanic basin about 80 Ma ago,a strong collision happened between the South China Sea and South China continental blocks.The fold and thrust system could develop near the collision zone,such as in the Reed Bank and southwest of the Chaoshan depression,and further controlled the development of the Late Cretaceous peripheral foreland basin of the Chaoshan depression.
Mesozoic strata of the Chaoshan depression revealed by well MZ-1 provides critical data for the analysis of the Late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the northern South China Sea.Based on interpreting the seismic profiles calibrated through well log MZ-1,a systematical tectono-stratigraphicanalysis has been carried out.A regional unconformity Tm30 was identified,and isotope dating determined that Tm30 formed during late Early Cretaceous to early Late Cretaceous.Accordingly,the distribution of the Upper Cretaceous in the Chaoshan depression was determined.In addition,a large-scale Xingning-Dongsha thrust-fold belt was recognized in the southwest of the research area,which consists of several NW-SE extending,westward dipping imbricate thrust faults and associated asymmetric folds,posing a significant impact during the deposition of Upper Cretaceous.Due to the lack of typical characteristics of a rift basin in the Upper Cretaceous sequence,it can be inferred that the transition of the northern margin of the South China Sea from an active margin to a passive margin postdates the end of the Late Cretaceous.Our research results suggest that in ageneral tectonic setting of the closure of the remnant Tethys oceanic basin about 80 Ma ago,a strong collision happened between the South China Sea and South China continental blocks.The fold and thrust system could develop near the collision zone,such as in the Reed Bank and southwest of the Chaoshan depression,and further controlled the development of the Late Cretaceous peripheral foreland basin of the Chaoshan depression.
引文
Cai J X,Zhang K J.2009.A new model for the indochina and South China collision during the Late Permian to the middle triassic.Tectonophysics,467(1-4):35-43.
Hall R.2012.Late jurassic-cenozoic reconstructions of the indonesian region and the Indian ocean.Tectonophysics,570-571:1-41.
Hamilton W B.1979.Tectonics of the Indonesian region.U.S.Govt.Print.Off.Paper,1078.
Hao H J,Lin H M,Yang M X,et al.2001.The mesozoic in chaoshan depression:A new domain of petroleum exploration.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)(in Chinese),15(3):157-163.
Hao H J,Shi H S,Zhang X T,et al.2009.Mesozoic sediments and their petroleum geology conditions in Chanshan sag:A discussion based on drilling results from the exploratory well LF35-1-1.China Offshore Oil and Gas(in Chinese),21(3):151-156.
Hutchison C S.2005.Geology of North-west Borneo:Sarawak,Brunei and Sabah.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
Knittel U.2011.83 Ma rhyolite from Mindoro-evidence for Late Yanshanian magmatism in the Palawan continental terrane(Philippines).Island Arc,20(1):138-146.
Knittel U,Hung C H,Yang T F,et al.2010.Permian arc magmatism in Mindoro,the Philippines:An early Indosinian event in the Palawan continental terrane.Tectonophysics,493(1-2):113-117.
Lai C K,Meffre S,Crawford A J,et al.2014.The western ailaoshan volcanic belts and their SE Asia connection:A new tectonic model for the eastern Indochina block.Condwana Research,26(1):52-74.
Lan C Y,Lee C S,Yui T F,et al.2008.The tectono-thermal events of Taiwan and their relationship with SE China.Terrestrial,Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,19(3):257-278.
Li W X,Zhou X M.1999.Late Mesozoic subduction zone of Southeastern China.Geological Journal of China Universities(in Chinese),5(2):164-169.
Li X H,Li Z X,Li W X,et al.2006.Initiation of the indosinian orogeny in south China:Evidence for a Permian magmatic arc on Hainan island.The Journal of Geology,114(3):341-353.
Lin H M,Hao H J.2002.Mesozoic tectonics in the eastern Pearl river mouth basin and offshore western Taiwan.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)(in Chinese),16(4):231-237.
Metcalfe I.2013.Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion:Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,66:1-33.
Morley C K.2012.Late cretaceous-early palaeogene tectonic development of SE Asia.Earth-Science Reviews,115(1-2):37-75.
Shao L,You H Q,Hao H J,et al.2007.Petrology and depositional environments of Mesozoic strata in the northeastern South China Sea.Geological Review(in Chinese),53(2):164-169.
Song H B,Wu N Y,Zhang J,et al.2003.Discussion on tectonic regime transition of continental margin in northern South China Sea during Mid-Cretaceous(in Chinese).∥Structure and Dynamic Process of Lithosphere in China Marginal Sea.Beijing:China Ocean Press,142-149.
Sun Z,Zhou D,Zhong Z H,et al.2006.Research on the dynamics of the South China Sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling.Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,49(10):1053-1069.
Wakita K,Metcalfe I.2005.Ocean plate stratigraphy in East and Southeast Asia.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,24(6):679-702.
Wang S F,Mo Y S,Wang C,et al.2016.Paleotethyan evolution of the Indochina block as deduced from granites in northern Laos.Condwana Research,38:183-196.
Wu G X,Wang R J,Hao H J,et al.2007.Microfossil evidence for development of marine Mesozoic in the north of South China Sea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),27(1):79-85.
Xu C H,Shi H S,Barnes C G,et al.2016.Tracing a late Mesozoic magmatic arc along the Southeast Asian margin from the granitoids drilled from the northern South China Sea.International Geology Review,58(1):71-94.
Xu C H,Zhang L,Shi H S,et al.2017.Tracing an early Jurassic magmatic arc from South to East China Sea.Tectonics,36(3):466-492.
Yan Q S,Shi X F,Liu J H,et al.2010.Petrology and geochemistry of Mesozoic granitic rocks from the Nansha micro-block,the South China Sea:Constraints on the basement nature.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,37(2):130-139.
Yang S C,Tong Z G,He Q,et al.2008.Mesozoic hydrocarbon generation history and igneous intrusion impacts in Chaoshan depression,South China sea:A case of LF35-1-1well.China Offshore Oil and Gas(in Chinese),20(3):152-156.
Yang Y T.2013.An unrecognized major collision of the Okhotomorsk Block with East Asia during the Late Cretaceous,constraints on the plate reorganization of the Northwest Pacific.Earth-Science Reviews,126:96-115.
Yin H F,Wu S B,Du Y S,et al.1999.South China defined as part of tethyan archipelagic ocean system.Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences(in Chinese),24(1):1-12.
Yu M M,Yan Y,Huang Q Y,et al.2015.Philippine ophiolites and their tectonic significance.Marine geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),35(6):53-71.
Yui T F,Okamoto K,Usuki T,et al.2009.Late Triassic-Late Cretaceous accretion/subduction in the Taiwan region along the eastern margin of South China-evidence from zircon SHRIMPdating.International Geology Review,51(4):304-328.
Zamoras L R,Matsuoka A.2001.Malampaya Sound Group:AJurassic-Early Cretaceous accretionary complex in Busuanga Island,North Palawan Block(Philippines).The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan,107(5):316-336.
Zhang C H,Zhang S H.1998.Overview of research advance on forearc basins.Geologicalence&Technology Information(in Chinese),17(4):1-7.
Zhang S F,Zhang X T,Zhang Q L,et al.2015.Characteristics of the Cretaceous in the northern South China Sea and tectonic implication.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),35(6):81-86.
Zhao M S,Liu H L,Wu C H.2012.Mesozoic stratigraphic and structural features and collisional orogeny between the northern and southern continental margins of South China Sea.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),27(4):1454-1464.
Zhou D.2002.Mesozoic strata and sedimentary environment in SWTaiwan basin of NE South China Sea and Peikang high of western Taiwan.Journal of Tropical Oceanography(in Chinese),21(2):50-57.
Zhou D,Chen H Z,Sun Z,et al.2005.Three Mesozoic sea basins in eastern and southern South China Sea and their relation to tethys and Paleo-Pacific domains.Journal of Tropical Oceanography(in Chinese),24(2):16-25.
Zhou D,Wang W Y,Wang J L,et al.2006.Mesozoic subductionaccretion zone in northeastern South China Sea inferred from geophysical interpretations.Science in China Series D,49(5):471-482.
Zhou Y,Liu H L,Zhu R W,et al.2016.Spatial distribution of ancient Shuangfeng-Bijia orogen on northern continental margin of South China Sea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),2016,36(4):77-84.
Zou H P.2001.Continental marginal rifting along the northern South China Sea:The crustal response to the lower lithospheric delamination.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),21(1):39-44.
郝沪军,林鹤鸣,杨梦雄等.2001.潮汕坳陷中生界-油气勘探的新领域.中国海上油气(地质),15(3):157-163.
郝沪军,施和生,张向涛等.2009.潮汕坳陷中生界及其石油地质条件-基于LF35-1-1探索井钻探结果的讨论.中国海上石油,21(3):151-156.
李武显,周新民.1999.中国东南部晚中生代俯冲带探索.高校地质学报,5(2):164-169.
林鹤鸣,郝沪军.2002.珠江口盆地东部和台湾西部海域中生界地质构造特征.中国海上油气(地质),16(4):231-237.
邵磊,尤洪庆,郝沪军等.2007.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境.地质论评,53(2):164-169.
宋海斌,吴能友,张键等.2003.南海北部陆缘白垩纪中期大陆边缘体制转变探讨.∥中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所二○○三学术论文汇编·第四卷(油气资源).北京:海洋出版社,142-149.
吴国瑄,王汝建,郝沪军等.2007.南海北部海相中生界发育的微体化石证据.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(1):79-85.
杨树春,仝志刚,贺清等.2008.潮汕坳陷中生界生烃历史及火成岩侵入影响分析-以LF35-1-1井为例.中国海上油气,20(3):152-156.
殷鸿福,吴顺宝,杜远生等.1999.华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,24(1):1-12.
余梦明,闫义,黄奇瑜等.2015.菲律宾蛇绿岩及其大地构造意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,35(6):53-71.
张传恒,张世红.1998.弧前盆地研究进展综述.地质科技情报,17(4):1-7.
张素芳,张向涛,张青林等.2015.南海北部白垩系发育特征及构造意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(6):81-86.
赵美松,刘海龄,吴朝华.2012.南海南北陆缘中生代地层-构造特征及碰撞造山.地球物理进展,27(4):1454-1464.
周蒂.2002.台西南盆地和北港隆起的中生界及其沉积环境.热带海洋学报,21(2):50-57.
周蒂,陈汉宗,孙珍等.2005.南海中生代三期海盆及其与特提斯和古太平洋的关系.热带海洋学报,24(2):16-25.
周洋,刘海龄,朱荣伟等.2016.南海北部陆缘古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带空间展布特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,36(4):77-84.
邹和平.2001.南海北部陆缘张裂-岩石圈拆沉的地壳响应.海洋地质与第四纪地质,21(1):39-44.
Hall R.2012.Late jurassic-cenozoic reconstructions of the indonesian region and the Indian ocean.Tectonophysics,570-571:1-41.
Hamilton W B.1979.Tectonics of the Indonesian region.U.S.Govt.Print.Off.Paper,1078.
Hao H J,Lin H M,Yang M X,et al.2001.The mesozoic in chaoshan depression:A new domain of petroleum exploration.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)(in Chinese),15(3):157-163.
Hao H J,Shi H S,Zhang X T,et al.2009.Mesozoic sediments and their petroleum geology conditions in Chanshan sag:A discussion based on drilling results from the exploratory well LF35-1-1.China Offshore Oil and Gas(in Chinese),21(3):151-156.
Hutchison C S.2005.Geology of North-west Borneo:Sarawak,Brunei and Sabah.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
Knittel U.2011.83 Ma rhyolite from Mindoro-evidence for Late Yanshanian magmatism in the Palawan continental terrane(Philippines).Island Arc,20(1):138-146.
Knittel U,Hung C H,Yang T F,et al.2010.Permian arc magmatism in Mindoro,the Philippines:An early Indosinian event in the Palawan continental terrane.Tectonophysics,493(1-2):113-117.
Lai C K,Meffre S,Crawford A J,et al.2014.The western ailaoshan volcanic belts and their SE Asia connection:A new tectonic model for the eastern Indochina block.Condwana Research,26(1):52-74.
Lan C Y,Lee C S,Yui T F,et al.2008.The tectono-thermal events of Taiwan and their relationship with SE China.Terrestrial,Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,19(3):257-278.
Li W X,Zhou X M.1999.Late Mesozoic subduction zone of Southeastern China.Geological Journal of China Universities(in Chinese),5(2):164-169.
Li X H,Li Z X,Li W X,et al.2006.Initiation of the indosinian orogeny in south China:Evidence for a Permian magmatic arc on Hainan island.The Journal of Geology,114(3):341-353.
Lin H M,Hao H J.2002.Mesozoic tectonics in the eastern Pearl river mouth basin and offshore western Taiwan.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)(in Chinese),16(4):231-237.
Metcalfe I.2013.Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion:Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,66:1-33.
Morley C K.2012.Late cretaceous-early palaeogene tectonic development of SE Asia.Earth-Science Reviews,115(1-2):37-75.
Shao L,You H Q,Hao H J,et al.2007.Petrology and depositional environments of Mesozoic strata in the northeastern South China Sea.Geological Review(in Chinese),53(2):164-169.
Song H B,Wu N Y,Zhang J,et al.2003.Discussion on tectonic regime transition of continental margin in northern South China Sea during Mid-Cretaceous(in Chinese).∥Structure and Dynamic Process of Lithosphere in China Marginal Sea.Beijing:China Ocean Press,142-149.
Sun Z,Zhou D,Zhong Z H,et al.2006.Research on the dynamics of the South China Sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling.Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,49(10):1053-1069.
Wakita K,Metcalfe I.2005.Ocean plate stratigraphy in East and Southeast Asia.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,24(6):679-702.
Wang S F,Mo Y S,Wang C,et al.2016.Paleotethyan evolution of the Indochina block as deduced from granites in northern Laos.Condwana Research,38:183-196.
Wu G X,Wang R J,Hao H J,et al.2007.Microfossil evidence for development of marine Mesozoic in the north of South China Sea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),27(1):79-85.
Xu C H,Shi H S,Barnes C G,et al.2016.Tracing a late Mesozoic magmatic arc along the Southeast Asian margin from the granitoids drilled from the northern South China Sea.International Geology Review,58(1):71-94.
Xu C H,Zhang L,Shi H S,et al.2017.Tracing an early Jurassic magmatic arc from South to East China Sea.Tectonics,36(3):466-492.
Yan Q S,Shi X F,Liu J H,et al.2010.Petrology and geochemistry of Mesozoic granitic rocks from the Nansha micro-block,the South China Sea:Constraints on the basement nature.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,37(2):130-139.
Yang S C,Tong Z G,He Q,et al.2008.Mesozoic hydrocarbon generation history and igneous intrusion impacts in Chaoshan depression,South China sea:A case of LF35-1-1well.China Offshore Oil and Gas(in Chinese),20(3):152-156.
Yang Y T.2013.An unrecognized major collision of the Okhotomorsk Block with East Asia during the Late Cretaceous,constraints on the plate reorganization of the Northwest Pacific.Earth-Science Reviews,126:96-115.
Yin H F,Wu S B,Du Y S,et al.1999.South China defined as part of tethyan archipelagic ocean system.Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences(in Chinese),24(1):1-12.
Yu M M,Yan Y,Huang Q Y,et al.2015.Philippine ophiolites and their tectonic significance.Marine geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),35(6):53-71.
Yui T F,Okamoto K,Usuki T,et al.2009.Late Triassic-Late Cretaceous accretion/subduction in the Taiwan region along the eastern margin of South China-evidence from zircon SHRIMPdating.International Geology Review,51(4):304-328.
Zamoras L R,Matsuoka A.2001.Malampaya Sound Group:AJurassic-Early Cretaceous accretionary complex in Busuanga Island,North Palawan Block(Philippines).The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan,107(5):316-336.
Zhang C H,Zhang S H.1998.Overview of research advance on forearc basins.Geologicalence&Technology Information(in Chinese),17(4):1-7.
Zhang S F,Zhang X T,Zhang Q L,et al.2015.Characteristics of the Cretaceous in the northern South China Sea and tectonic implication.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),35(6):81-86.
Zhao M S,Liu H L,Wu C H.2012.Mesozoic stratigraphic and structural features and collisional orogeny between the northern and southern continental margins of South China Sea.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),27(4):1454-1464.
Zhou D.2002.Mesozoic strata and sedimentary environment in SWTaiwan basin of NE South China Sea and Peikang high of western Taiwan.Journal of Tropical Oceanography(in Chinese),21(2):50-57.
Zhou D,Chen H Z,Sun Z,et al.2005.Three Mesozoic sea basins in eastern and southern South China Sea and their relation to tethys and Paleo-Pacific domains.Journal of Tropical Oceanography(in Chinese),24(2):16-25.
Zhou D,Wang W Y,Wang J L,et al.2006.Mesozoic subductionaccretion zone in northeastern South China Sea inferred from geophysical interpretations.Science in China Series D,49(5):471-482.
Zhou Y,Liu H L,Zhu R W,et al.2016.Spatial distribution of ancient Shuangfeng-Bijia orogen on northern continental margin of South China Sea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),2016,36(4):77-84.
Zou H P.2001.Continental marginal rifting along the northern South China Sea:The crustal response to the lower lithospheric delamination.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),21(1):39-44.
郝沪军,林鹤鸣,杨梦雄等.2001.潮汕坳陷中生界-油气勘探的新领域.中国海上油气(地质),15(3):157-163.
郝沪军,施和生,张向涛等.2009.潮汕坳陷中生界及其石油地质条件-基于LF35-1-1探索井钻探结果的讨论.中国海上石油,21(3):151-156.
李武显,周新民.1999.中国东南部晚中生代俯冲带探索.高校地质学报,5(2):164-169.
林鹤鸣,郝沪军.2002.珠江口盆地东部和台湾西部海域中生界地质构造特征.中国海上油气(地质),16(4):231-237.
邵磊,尤洪庆,郝沪军等.2007.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境.地质论评,53(2):164-169.
宋海斌,吴能友,张键等.2003.南海北部陆缘白垩纪中期大陆边缘体制转变探讨.∥中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所二○○三学术论文汇编·第四卷(油气资源).北京:海洋出版社,142-149.
吴国瑄,王汝建,郝沪军等.2007.南海北部海相中生界发育的微体化石证据.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(1):79-85.
杨树春,仝志刚,贺清等.2008.潮汕坳陷中生界生烃历史及火成岩侵入影响分析-以LF35-1-1井为例.中国海上油气,20(3):152-156.
殷鸿福,吴顺宝,杜远生等.1999.华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,24(1):1-12.
余梦明,闫义,黄奇瑜等.2015.菲律宾蛇绿岩及其大地构造意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,35(6):53-71.
张传恒,张世红.1998.弧前盆地研究进展综述.地质科技情报,17(4):1-7.
张素芳,张向涛,张青林等.2015.南海北部白垩系发育特征及构造意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(6):81-86.
赵美松,刘海龄,吴朝华.2012.南海南北陆缘中生代地层-构造特征及碰撞造山.地球物理进展,27(4):1454-1464.
周蒂.2002.台西南盆地和北港隆起的中生界及其沉积环境.热带海洋学报,21(2):50-57.
周蒂,陈汉宗,孙珍等.2005.南海中生代三期海盆及其与特提斯和古太平洋的关系.热带海洋学报,24(2):16-25.
周洋,刘海龄,朱荣伟等.2016.南海北部陆缘古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带空间展布特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,36(4):77-84.
邹和平.2001.南海北部陆缘张裂-岩石圈拆沉的地壳响应.海洋地质与第四纪地质,21(1):39-44.