干旱胁迫下不同产地酸枣抗性生理指标综合评价
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摘要
【目的】比较不同产地酸枣的抗旱能力差异,为筛选优良的枣树砧木和选育新品种提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间持续干旱法对不同产地15种酸枣实施胁迫,通过测试其1年生枝条叶片的生理指标,并换算成抗旱系数,再将抗旱系数换算成隶属函数值,取各指标隶属度平均值作为酸枣抗旱性强弱的综合评定标准。【结果】不同产地的15个酸枣类型中,属于较强抗旱类型的1个占6.7%,中抗性的8个占53.3%,低抗性的5个占33.3%,其中无抗旱能力的只有1个占6.7%;在酸枣渗透调节物质和抗氧化物酶的生理指标中,脯氨酸和SOD无论在任何条件下,均可作为植株抗旱性强弱评价或鉴定的指标。【结论】河北易县(HB1)的酸枣具备较强抗旱能力,其次是陕西清涧和米脂。
【Objective】To compare the differences of drought-resistant ability in different origin wild jujubes in order to provide the theoretical basis for filtrating admirable rootstock and breeding new varieties of jujube.【Method】Using method of field persistent drought resistance in 15 kinds of different origin wild jujubes,through the test of 1 year old leaf physiological indexes,and then converted into the index of drought resistance,and then further converted into membership function value,finally the index membership average value was taken as the comprehensive evaluation standards of the drought resistance of wild jujube.【Result】It was found that 6.7 percent of the 15 kinds of different origin wild jujube belonged to the stronger drought resistance,53.3 percent belonged to secondary drought resistance,33.3 percent belonged to the lower drought resistance.In the osmotic regulators and physiological indexes of jujube antioxidant enzyme,proline and SOD in any conditions could be used to evaluate drought resistance of plants or as identification index.【Conclusion】The wild jujube in Yi County of Hebei Province(HB1) has quite strong drought resistance,followed by those in Qingjian and Mizhi County in Shanxi Province.
【Objective】To compare the differences of drought-resistant ability in different origin wild jujubes in order to provide the theoretical basis for filtrating admirable rootstock and breeding new varieties of jujube.【Method】Using method of field persistent drought resistance in 15 kinds of different origin wild jujubes,through the test of 1 year old leaf physiological indexes,and then converted into the index of drought resistance,and then further converted into membership function value,finally the index membership average value was taken as the comprehensive evaluation standards of the drought resistance of wild jujube.【Result】It was found that 6.7 percent of the 15 kinds of different origin wild jujube belonged to the stronger drought resistance,53.3 percent belonged to secondary drought resistance,33.3 percent belonged to the lower drought resistance.In the osmotic regulators and physiological indexes of jujube antioxidant enzyme,proline and SOD in any conditions could be used to evaluate drought resistance of plants or as identification index.【Conclusion】The wild jujube in Yi County of Hebei Province(HB1) has quite strong drought resistance,followed by those in Qingjian and Mizhi County in Shanxi Province.
引文
[1]李青青,陈维青.新疆水资源实物量核算及对其耗减价值的分析[J].甘肃农业,2014,(2):37-39.LI Qing-qing,CHEN Wei-qing.(2014).The calculation of physical quantity of water resources in Xinjiang and analysis of its value[J].Gansu Nongye,(2):37-39.(in Chinese)
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[5]蒲光兰,袁大刚,胡学华,等.土壤干旱胁迫对3个杏树品种生理生化特性的影响[J].浙江林学院学报,2005,22(4):375-379.PU Guang-lan,YUAN Da-gang,HU Xue-hua,et al.(2005).Effect of soil drought stress on physiological and biochemical chareateristics in three Armeniaca vulgaris cultivars[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,22(4):375-379.(in Chinese)
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[9]杨义伶,黄春辉,辜青青,等.不同抗旱性柑橘砧木相关生理指标及基因表达差异分析[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(6):1 118-1 123.YANG Yi-ling,HUANG Chun-hui,GU Qing-qing,et al.(2012).An Analysis of Physiological Index of and Gene Expression Differences in Drought Tolerance of Two Citrus Rootstock Seedlings[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,34(6):1,118-1,123.(in Chinese)
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[11]蔡志翔,许建兰,张斌斌,等.桃不同砧木类型对持续干旱的响应及其抗旱性评价[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(4):851-856.CAI Zhi-xiang,XU Jian-lan,ZHANG Bin-bin,et al.(2013).Response and tolerance of different peach rootstocks to continuous drought stress[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,29(4):851-856.(in Chinese)
[12]李慧.石河子灌区地下水位变化规律分析[J].地下水,2016,38(3):43-44.LI Hui.(2016).Analysis on variation of groundwater level in Shihezi Irrigation Area[J].Ground Water,38(3):43-44.(in Chinese)
[13]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.LI He-sheng.(2003).The Principle and Technology of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press.(in Chinese)
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[15]高建社,王军,周永学,等.5个杨树无性系抗旱性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(2):112-116.GAO Jian-she,WANG Jun,ZHOU Yong-xue,et al.(2005).Studies on drought resistance of five poplar clones[J].Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry(Natural Science Edition),33(2):112-116.(in Chinese)
[16]周广生,崔克辉,靳德明,等.发根力作为栽培稻品种苗期抗旱性鉴定指标的研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(12):2571-2 576.ZHOU Guang-sheng,CUI Ke-hui,JIN De-ming,et al.(2005).Studies on using rooting capacity to appraise the drought resistance of different varieties oforyza sativa at Seedling Stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,38(12):2,571-2,576.(in Chinese)
[17]廖景容,郑中阳,张卫星,等.玉米不同杂交组合抗旱性、丰产性的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(1):7-10.LIAO Jing-rong,ZHENG Zhong-yang,ZHANG Wei-xing,et al.(2005).Comparing analysis of drought resistance and yield potential in different hybrid Maize Varieties[J].Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci.,33(1):7-10.(in Chinese)
[18]郭郁频,米福贵,闫利军,等.不同早熟禾品种对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性评价[J].草业学报,2012,23(4):220-228.GUO Yu-pin,MI Fu-gui,YAN Li-Jun,et al.(2012).Physiological response to drought stresses and drought resistances evaluation of different Kentucky bluegrass varieties[J].Acta Pratactlturae Sinica,23(4):220-228.(in Chinese)
[19]顾建勤,闫志利,牛俊义,等.干旱胁迫及复水对豌豆苗期保护酶活性及膜质过氧化的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):159-164.GU Jian-qin,YAN Zhi-li,NIU Jun-yi,et al.(2012).Effect of drought stress and rewater on protective enzyme activity and membrane lipid peroxidation in pea leaves during seedling stage[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,30(3):159-164.(in Chinese)
[20]季杨,张新全,彭燕,等.干旱胁迫对鸭茅根、叶保护酶活性、渗透物质含量及膜质过氧化作用的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(3):144-151.JI Yang,ZHANG Xin-quan,PENG Yan,et al.(2014).Effects of drought stress on lipid peroxidation,osmotic,adjustment and activities of protective enzymes in the roots and leaves of orchardgrass[J].Acta Pratactlturae Sinica,23(3):144-151.(in Chinese)
[21]刘忠霞,刘建朝,胡景.干旱胁迫对苹果树苗活性氧代谢及渗透调节的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(2):15-19.LIU Zhong-xia,LIU Jian-chao,HU Jing.(2013).Effects of Drought Stress on Active Oxygen Metabolism and Contents of Osmotic Adjustment Substances in the Leaves of Apple Seedling[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,28(2):15-19.(in Chinese)
[22]高蕾,刘丽君,董守坤,等.干旱胁迫对大豆幼苗叶片生理生化特性的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(8):1-4.GAO Lei,LIU Li-jun,DONG Shou-kun,et al.(2009).Effect of drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics in leaves of soybean seedlings[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,40(8):1-4.(in Chinese)
[23]吉增宝,王进鑫,李继文.不同季节干旱及复水对刺槐幼苗可溶性糖含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(7):1 358-1 363.JI Zeng-bao,WANG Jin-xin,LI Ji-wen,et al.(2009).Dynamic Changes of Soluble Sugar in the Seedlings of Robinia pseudoacacia under Drought Stress and Rewatering in Different Seasons[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,29(7):1,358-1,363.(in Chinese)
[24]张朝阳,许桂芳,向佐湘.干旱胁迫对4种常绿藤本植物抗性生理生化指标的影响[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(12):42-45.ZHANG Chao-yang,XU Gui-fan,XIANG Zuo-xiang.(2008).Effects of drought stress on physiological and biochemical process of four evergreen[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,20(12):42-45.(in Chinese)
[25]石超,唐婉,马玉磊,等.4种连翘属植物对土壤含水量变化的生理反应[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):8-11.SHI Chao,TANG Wan,MA Yu-lei,et al.(2012).Physiological Responses of Four Forsythia Species to Soil Moisture[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,27(6):8-11.(in Chinese)
[26]Sairam,R.K.,Vasanthan,B.,&Arora,A.(2011).Calcium regulates gladiolus flower senescence by influencing antioxidative enzymes activity.Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,33(5):1,897-1,904.
[2]Ipcc Climate change.(2007):The physical science basis,summary for policymakers Switzerland:Ipcc Secretariat:1-18.
[3]Yuyan,A.N.,&Liang,Z.(2011).Growth and physiological responses of the periploca sepium bunge seedlings to drought stress.Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(3):716-725.
[4]Shan,C.J.,Han,R.L.,&Liang,Z.S.(2012).Antioxidant properties of four native grasses in loess plateau under drought stress.Acta Ecologica Sinica,32(4):1,174-1,184.
[5]蒲光兰,袁大刚,胡学华,等.土壤干旱胁迫对3个杏树品种生理生化特性的影响[J].浙江林学院学报,2005,22(4):375-379.PU Guang-lan,YUAN Da-gang,HU Xue-hua,et al.(2005).Effect of soil drought stress on physiological and biochemical chareateristics in three Armeniaca vulgaris cultivars[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,22(4):375-379.(in Chinese)
[6]赵秀明,王飞,韩明玉.新引进苹果矮化中间砧木的抗旱性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(4):105-112.ZHAO Xiu-ming,WANG Fei,HAN Ming-yu.(2012).Evaluation on drought resistance of introduced cultivars of apple dwarf rootstocks[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,30(4):105-112.(in Chinese)
[7]孙茜,任磊,马文婷,等.四种葡萄砧木抗旱性的鉴定[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(3):623-626.SUN Qian,REN Lei,MA Wen-ling,et al.(2015).Identifying Drought Tolerance of Four Grape Rootstocks[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,54(3):623-626.(in Chinese)
[8]李文超,孙盼,王振平.不同土壤条件对酿酒葡萄生理及果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2012,29(5):837-842.LI Wen-chao,SUN Pan,WANG Zhen-ping.(2012).Effects of different soil condition on physiology and fruit quality of wine grapes[J].Journal of Fruit Science,29(5):837-842.(in Chinese)
[9]杨义伶,黄春辉,辜青青,等.不同抗旱性柑橘砧木相关生理指标及基因表达差异分析[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(6):1 118-1 123.YANG Yi-ling,HUANG Chun-hui,GU Qing-qing,et al.(2012).An Analysis of Physiological Index of and Gene Expression Differences in Drought Tolerance of Two Citrus Rootstock Seedlings[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,34(6):1,118-1,123.(in Chinese)
[10]樊卫国,李迎春.部分梨砧木的叶片组织结构与抗旱性的关系[J].果树学报,2007,25(1):17-21.FAN Wei-guo,LI Ying-chun.(2007).Study 0n the relationship between lamina anatomical structure and drought resistance of pear rootstocks[J].Journal of Fruit Science,25(1):17-21.(in Chinese)
[11]蔡志翔,许建兰,张斌斌,等.桃不同砧木类型对持续干旱的响应及其抗旱性评价[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(4):851-856.CAI Zhi-xiang,XU Jian-lan,ZHANG Bin-bin,et al.(2013).Response and tolerance of different peach rootstocks to continuous drought stress[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,29(4):851-856.(in Chinese)
[12]李慧.石河子灌区地下水位变化规律分析[J].地下水,2016,38(3):43-44.LI Hui.(2016).Analysis on variation of groundwater level in Shihezi Irrigation Area[J].Ground Water,38(3):43-44.(in Chinese)
[13]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.LI He-sheng.(2003).The Principle and Technology of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press.(in Chinese)
[14]刘萍,李明君.植物生理学实验技术[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2007.LIU Ping,LI Ming-jun.(2007).The Technology of Plant Physiology Experiment[M].Nanjing:Jiangsu Science and Technology Press.(in Chinese)
[15]高建社,王军,周永学,等.5个杨树无性系抗旱性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(2):112-116.GAO Jian-she,WANG Jun,ZHOU Yong-xue,et al.(2005).Studies on drought resistance of five poplar clones[J].Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry(Natural Science Edition),33(2):112-116.(in Chinese)
[16]周广生,崔克辉,靳德明,等.发根力作为栽培稻品种苗期抗旱性鉴定指标的研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(12):2571-2 576.ZHOU Guang-sheng,CUI Ke-hui,JIN De-ming,et al.(2005).Studies on using rooting capacity to appraise the drought resistance of different varieties oforyza sativa at Seedling Stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,38(12):2,571-2,576.(in Chinese)
[17]廖景容,郑中阳,张卫星,等.玉米不同杂交组合抗旱性、丰产性的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(1):7-10.LIAO Jing-rong,ZHENG Zhong-yang,ZHANG Wei-xing,et al.(2005).Comparing analysis of drought resistance and yield potential in different hybrid Maize Varieties[J].Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci.,33(1):7-10.(in Chinese)
[18]郭郁频,米福贵,闫利军,等.不同早熟禾品种对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性评价[J].草业学报,2012,23(4):220-228.GUO Yu-pin,MI Fu-gui,YAN Li-Jun,et al.(2012).Physiological response to drought stresses and drought resistances evaluation of different Kentucky bluegrass varieties[J].Acta Pratactlturae Sinica,23(4):220-228.(in Chinese)
[19]顾建勤,闫志利,牛俊义,等.干旱胁迫及复水对豌豆苗期保护酶活性及膜质过氧化的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):159-164.GU Jian-qin,YAN Zhi-li,NIU Jun-yi,et al.(2012).Effect of drought stress and rewater on protective enzyme activity and membrane lipid peroxidation in pea leaves during seedling stage[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,30(3):159-164.(in Chinese)
[20]季杨,张新全,彭燕,等.干旱胁迫对鸭茅根、叶保护酶活性、渗透物质含量及膜质过氧化作用的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(3):144-151.JI Yang,ZHANG Xin-quan,PENG Yan,et al.(2014).Effects of drought stress on lipid peroxidation,osmotic,adjustment and activities of protective enzymes in the roots and leaves of orchardgrass[J].Acta Pratactlturae Sinica,23(3):144-151.(in Chinese)
[21]刘忠霞,刘建朝,胡景.干旱胁迫对苹果树苗活性氧代谢及渗透调节的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(2):15-19.LIU Zhong-xia,LIU Jian-chao,HU Jing.(2013).Effects of Drought Stress on Active Oxygen Metabolism and Contents of Osmotic Adjustment Substances in the Leaves of Apple Seedling[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,28(2):15-19.(in Chinese)
[22]高蕾,刘丽君,董守坤,等.干旱胁迫对大豆幼苗叶片生理生化特性的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(8):1-4.GAO Lei,LIU Li-jun,DONG Shou-kun,et al.(2009).Effect of drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics in leaves of soybean seedlings[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,40(8):1-4.(in Chinese)
[23]吉增宝,王进鑫,李继文.不同季节干旱及复水对刺槐幼苗可溶性糖含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(7):1 358-1 363.JI Zeng-bao,WANG Jin-xin,LI Ji-wen,et al.(2009).Dynamic Changes of Soluble Sugar in the Seedlings of Robinia pseudoacacia under Drought Stress and Rewatering in Different Seasons[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,29(7):1,358-1,363.(in Chinese)
[24]张朝阳,许桂芳,向佐湘.干旱胁迫对4种常绿藤本植物抗性生理生化指标的影响[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(12):42-45.ZHANG Chao-yang,XU Gui-fan,XIANG Zuo-xiang.(2008).Effects of drought stress on physiological and biochemical process of four evergreen[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,20(12):42-45.(in Chinese)
[25]石超,唐婉,马玉磊,等.4种连翘属植物对土壤含水量变化的生理反应[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):8-11.SHI Chao,TANG Wan,MA Yu-lei,et al.(2012).Physiological Responses of Four Forsythia Species to Soil Moisture[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,27(6):8-11.(in Chinese)
[26]Sairam,R.K.,Vasanthan,B.,&Arora,A.(2011).Calcium regulates gladiolus flower senescence by influencing antioxidative enzymes activity.Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,33(5):1,897-1,904.