湖南凤凰地区寒武系敖溪组汞及汞锌矿床控矿因素研究
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摘要
凤凰汞铅锌矿田位于湘黔汞矿带中部,寒武系敖溪组赋存多处沉积-热卤水改造型汞矿床(点)及汞锌矿床(点)。为了进一步寻找汞及汞锌矿,在充分收集前人资料、结合野外调研的基础上,总结敖溪组区域成矿地质条件、沉积相及沉积演化特征,深入研究敖溪组岩性岩相与汞锌成矿的关系。结果表明:敖溪组岩相古地理类型为斜坡相,汞矿及汞锌矿床(点)产于斜坡相并主要分布于陡坡与缓坡转折部位及两侧,侧向分布范围3～5 km;汞矿及汞锌矿体呈似层状、透镜状及囊状大致顺层产于敖溪组上段角砾状云岩、砾屑云岩内;与汞矿及汞锌矿化有关的蚀变类型主要为碳酸盐化,次为硅化。
Fehuang mercury-lead-zinc ore field is located in central Hunan-Guizhou mercury belt, and several sedimentary-hot brine mercury and zinc ore spots occurred in Cambrian Aoxi Formation. In order to further search for mercury-zinc deposits, the regional metallogenic geological conditions, sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of Aoxi Formation were summarized, and the relationship between lithologic lithofacies and mercury, lead-zinc mineralization of Aoxi Formation was deeply studied, on the basis of previous data and field investigation. The results show that paleogeographic type of the rock facies of Aoxi Formation is the slope facies. The mercury and mercury-zinc deposits distributed roughly along the layer in calcite alteration of broken breccia between fine to fine-grained dolomitic strata in the upper member of Aoxi Formation, with a lateral distribution range of about 3-5 km. The mercury and mercury-zinc ore bodies appear to be layered, lenticular and capsule-like in the rubble dolomites and clastic dolomites. The related alteration types are carbonation and silication.
Fehuang mercury-lead-zinc ore field is located in central Hunan-Guizhou mercury belt, and several sedimentary-hot brine mercury and zinc ore spots occurred in Cambrian Aoxi Formation. In order to further search for mercury-zinc deposits, the regional metallogenic geological conditions, sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of Aoxi Formation were summarized, and the relationship between lithologic lithofacies and mercury, lead-zinc mineralization of Aoxi Formation was deeply studied, on the basis of previous data and field investigation. The results show that paleogeographic type of the rock facies of Aoxi Formation is the slope facies. The mercury and mercury-zinc deposits distributed roughly along the layer in calcite alteration of broken breccia between fine to fine-grained dolomitic strata in the upper member of Aoxi Formation, with a lateral distribution range of about 3-5 km. The mercury and mercury-zinc ore bodies appear to be layered, lenticular and capsule-like in the rubble dolomites and clastic dolomites. The related alteration types are carbonation and silication.
引文
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[2] 冯增昭,彭勇民,金振奎,等.中国中寒武世岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2002,4(2):1-11.
[3] 叶红专.黔东湘西寒武纪碳酸盐台地边缘和斜坡沉积特征及大陆边缘构造性质讨论[J].中国地质科学院院报,1991(23):13-22.
[4] 岳文浙,业治铮.扬子陆块东南缘早古生代的巨型斜坡带[J].江苏地质,1996,20(1):9-17.
[5] 湖南省地质调查院.湖南省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,2012:9-350.
[6] 李泽泓,付胜云,贺春平,等.湖南凤凰地区1∶5万阿拉幅(G49E001006)、凤凰幅(G49E002006)、云场坪幅(G49E001007)、锦和幅(G49E002007)矿产远景调查报告[R].长沙:湖南省地质调查院,2011.
[7] 张抗.滑塌堆积及其构造意义[J].岩相古地理,1994,14(6):15-24.
[8] 陈必河,王根贤,郑正福,等.湖南花垣—锦和地区寒武纪—奥陶纪岩相古地理与铅锌矿成矿关系研究成果报告[R].长沙:湖南省地质调查院,2014.
[9] 包正相.湘西黔东汞铅锌矿床的成矿作用与形成机理[J].桂林冶金地质学院学报,1987,7(3):159-170.
[10] 鲍珏敏,万溶江,鲍振襄.湘黔汞矿带相关成矿问题的讨论[J].北京地质,1999,11(2):5-12.
[11] 曾若兰.中国汞矿化主要特征及区域分布型式的初步认识[J].矿床地质,1983,2(1):30-37.
[12] 付胜云,陈剑锋,李湘玉.湖南省汞矿成矿规律[J].中国地质调查,2017,4(4):17-25.
[13] 庄汝礼,李定国,郑灿然,等.湖南省凤凰县茶田汞矿床地质特征及成矿规律的研究[R].吉首:湖南省地矿局四〇五队,1984.
[14] 劳可通,彭溅清,全旭东,等.湘西凤凰地区富汞矿成矿规律及远景预测[R].吉首:湖南省地矿局四〇五队,1993.
[15] 龙国华,毛党龙,谢福和.湖南龙山—保靖铅锌矿评价成果报告[R].长沙:湖南省地质调查院,2009.
[16] 傅启龙,周志澄,彭善池.湘西中上寒武统界线层型候选剖面沉积特征[J].地质科学,1999,34(2):204-212.
[17] 刘宝珺,叶红专,蒲心纯.黔东、湘西寒武纪碳酸盐重力流沉积[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(3):235-246.
[18] 李林,曲永强,孟庆任,等.重力流沉积:理论研究与野外识别[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):677-688.
[19] 付胜云,李泽泓,贺春平,等.湖南凤凰地区地质构造与汞铅锌矿成矿关系研究[J].中国地质调查,2017,4(6):15-23.
[20] 湖南省地矿局区调队.1∶20万芷江幅区域地质调查报告[R].北京:冶金工业出版社,1973.
[21] 何江,马东升,刘英俊.湘西茶田汞矿床成矿地球化学及其热水隐爆成矿模式[J].桂林工学院学报,1995,15(4):319-327.
[22] 付胜云,李泽泓,郑正福.湖南省凤凰—麻阳地区汞铅锌矿成矿预测[J].地质与资源,2012,21(3):289-295.