层次分析与模糊数学综合评价法在矿山环境评价中的应用
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摘要
采用遥感技术提取矿山环境评价因子,运用层次分析法与模糊数学法对三江成矿带南段矿山环境进行综合评价。层次分析法确定的矿山环境评价因子按权重排序,依次为植被覆盖率、土地利用、地形地貌、矿山地质灾害、水土流失和矿山开发占地;模糊数学法评价的区域矿山环境隶属第一等级"好"。通过GIS平台,按权重值对评价因子进行叠加、成图,实现了三江成矿带南段的矿山环境评价。层次分析与模糊数学综合评价法,不仅综合考虑矿山环境影响因子,且充分发挥了2种数学方法的优点,将动态与静态、定量与非定量等指标有机结合,发挥其因素和过程的模糊性,减少了专家人为评分的主观性,使评价结果更符合实际。
In this paper,we used the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and fuzzy mathematics to carry out the comprehensive assessment of mine environment in the southern part of the Sanjiang metallogenic belt.The results show that the assessment factors of mine environment,defined by AHP and sorted according to weight values,are successively vegetation importance,land use,topography,mining geological hazards,soil erosion and mining development area.The comprehensive assessment results using fuzzy mathematics suggest that the regional mine environment can be classified into the first grade"good".The assessment factors were superimposed in the GIS platform to form diagrams based on their weight values,obtaining mine environment assessment data for mineral resources development zone in the south of the Sanjiang metallgoenic belt.Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and fuzzy mathematics were employed to comprehensively assess regional mining environment, which considers not only the environmental impact factors of the mine but also the advantages of the two mathematical methods in the ways of dynamic and static,quantitative and non quantitative indicators.Therefore,this fuzziness of factors and process has not only reduced objectiveness of experts' assessment,but made the assessment results more practical,providing references for mining supervision and environmental treatment of regional mines.
In this paper,we used the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and fuzzy mathematics to carry out the comprehensive assessment of mine environment in the southern part of the Sanjiang metallogenic belt.The results show that the assessment factors of mine environment,defined by AHP and sorted according to weight values,are successively vegetation importance,land use,topography,mining geological hazards,soil erosion and mining development area.The comprehensive assessment results using fuzzy mathematics suggest that the regional mine environment can be classified into the first grade"good".The assessment factors were superimposed in the GIS platform to form diagrams based on their weight values,obtaining mine environment assessment data for mineral resources development zone in the south of the Sanjiang metallgoenic belt.Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and fuzzy mathematics were employed to comprehensively assess regional mining environment, which considers not only the environmental impact factors of the mine but also the advantages of the two mathematical methods in the ways of dynamic and static,quantitative and non quantitative indicators.Therefore,this fuzziness of factors and process has not only reduced objectiveness of experts' assessment,but made the assessment results more practical,providing references for mining supervision and environmental treatment of regional mines.
引文
[1]黄永泉,危超,何景媛.基于灰色关联分析法的江西省矿山环境质量评价[J].资源调查与环境,2012,33(4):268-273.
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[10]张旭光,吴圣林,张海芳,等.山区煤矿矿山地质环境多层次灰色综合评价[J].水文地质工程地质,2012,39(4):110-115.
[11]郑长远.层次分析法在地质灾害调查评价中的应用——以青海省湟源县为例[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013:12.
[12]付善明,肖方,宿文姬,等.基于模糊数学的广东大宝山矿横石河下游土壤重金属元素污染评价[J].地质通报,2014,33(8):1140-1146.
[13]刘彦广,柴波,郑晓明,等.合山市煤矿山地质环境质量模糊综合评价与分区[J].安全与环境工程,2012,19(5):70-73.
[14]王丽丽.模糊数学法结合层次分析法用于清洁生产潜力评估研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010:1-51.
[15]李安贵,张志宏,孟艳,等.模糊数学及其应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1994:2-15.
[16]侯海海,邵龙义,唐跃,等.基于多层次模糊数学的中国低煤阶煤层气选区评价标准——以吐哈盆地为例[J].中国地质,2014,41(3):1002-1009.
[2]黄俊宝.基于MAPGIS的福建省矿山地质环境综合评价分析[J].资源调查与环境,2010,31(1):60-65.
[3]马丽丽,田淑芳,王娜.基于层次分析与模糊数学综合评判法的矿区生态环境评价[J],国土资源遥感,2013,25(3):165-170.
[4]唐朝晖,刘楠,柴波,等.合山市矿山地质环境影响评价研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2012,39(6):124-130.
[5]陈松宝.基于RS与GIS的土壤覆被变化及生态环境评价研究[D].南昌:江西理工大学,2017:37.
[6]董斌,陈立平,钱国英.基于遥感的层次分析法和模糊数学模型综合评价森林资源生态适宜性[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(3):468-476.
[7]马丽丽.基于GIS与RS的不同矿区矿山地质环境评价方法对比研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013:20.
[8]刘美玲.基于GIS和RS的矿产资源开发生态环境效应监测与评价——以云南省兰坪县铅锌矿为例[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2006:40.
[9]乔旭俊.层次分析法在矿山地质环境影响评价中的应用[J].山西建筑,2012,38(11):66-67.
[10]张旭光,吴圣林,张海芳,等.山区煤矿矿山地质环境多层次灰色综合评价[J].水文地质工程地质,2012,39(4):110-115.
[11]郑长远.层次分析法在地质灾害调查评价中的应用——以青海省湟源县为例[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013:12.
[12]付善明,肖方,宿文姬,等.基于模糊数学的广东大宝山矿横石河下游土壤重金属元素污染评价[J].地质通报,2014,33(8):1140-1146.
[13]刘彦广,柴波,郑晓明,等.合山市煤矿山地质环境质量模糊综合评价与分区[J].安全与环境工程,2012,19(5):70-73.
[14]王丽丽.模糊数学法结合层次分析法用于清洁生产潜力评估研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010:1-51.
[15]李安贵,张志宏,孟艳,等.模糊数学及其应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1994:2-15.
[16]侯海海,邵龙义,唐跃,等.基于多层次模糊数学的中国低煤阶煤层气选区评价标准——以吐哈盆地为例[J].中国地质,2014,41(3):1002-1009.
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