一块新发现的月球陨石NWA 12279的岩石矿物学、源区和冲击变质作用
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摘要
NWA 12279为2016年发现的一块斜长岩质月球陨石,由86%的斜长岩和14%的冲击熔融角砾岩组成。斜长岩具嵌晶结构,矿物组成主要为斜长石(70. 6%)、橄榄石(11. 3%)、辉石(10. 0%)、镁铝尖晶石(7. 0%),含少量石英、铬铁矿和钛铁矿;冲击熔融角砾岩具角砾状结构,主要由岩屑(斜长岩、辉长-橄长-斜长岩、微斑熔融角砾岩、辉长岩)、晶屑(橄榄石、辉石、斜长石、尖晶石)、玻屑和基质组成。斜长岩和角砾岩的矿物组成基本一致,主要为斜长石(An_(92. 9～98. 4))、紫苏辉石(Fs_(15. 5～32. 2)Wo_(2. 98～4. 22))、易变辉石(Fs_(27. 9～53. 1)Wo_(7. 19～14. 7))、普通辉石(Fs_(8. 42～38. 9)Wo_(17. 0～44. 1))、橄榄石(Fo_(53. 7～89. 4))、尖晶石[(Mg_(4. 97)Fe_(0. 86))_(5. 83)(Al_(11. 4)Cr_(0. 61))_(12. 0)O_(24)]。通过对陨石的矿物组成、碎屑组成、矿物成分、全岩成分和冲击变质特征进行研究,并和已发现的月球斜长岩进行了对比,认为该陨石可能起源于一个新的富含尖晶石的辉长橄长斜长岩高地。该陨石的斜长岩和角砾岩具有不同的冲击特征,斜长岩区域发育橄榄石面状破裂、斜长石熔长石化及含未熔融的辉石和橄榄石晶屑的冲击熔脉;角砾岩区域发育玻璃质熔脉、冲击熔体及岩石角砾化,这些特征限制了斜长岩区和角砾岩区经历的冲击压力峰值分别约为45 GPa和78 GPa,温度峰值分别约为1 100℃和1890℃,冲击变质阶段为S_5～S_6。
NWA 12279 is a piece of anorthosite lunar meteorite newly discovered in 2016, consisting of 86% anorthite and 14% impact melt breccia. The anorthosite, has a poikilitic texture and is composed of plagioclase( 70. 6%), olivine( 11. 3%), pyroxene( 10. 0%) and magnesium-aluminum spinel( 7. 0%), with a small amount of quartz, chromite and ilmenite. The impact melt breccia is mainly composed of lithic clasts such as anorthosite,gabbro-troctolite-anorthosite, microporphyritic crystalline impact melt breccias and gabbro, and such mineral fragments as olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase and spinel, and glass as well as matrix. The anorthosite has the same mineral composition as the breccia: plagioclase( An_(92. 9 ～ 98. 4)), hypersthenes( Fs_(15. 5 ～ 32. 2) Wo_(2. 98 ～ 4. 22)), pigeonite( Fs_(27. 9 ～ 53. 1) Wo_(7. 19 ～ 14. 7)), augite( Fs_(8. 42 ～ 38. 9) Wo_(17. 0 ～ 44. 1)), olivine( Fo_(53. 7 ～ 89. 4)), and magnesium aluminum spinel( Mg_(4. 97) Fe_(0. 86))_(5. 83)( Al_(11. 4) Cr_(0. 61))_(12. 0) O_(24). Based on mineral composition, clastic composition, mineral components, total rock composition and shock-metamosphism features of the meteorite, as well as a comparison with the discovered lunar anorthosite, the authors hold that the meteorite may originate from a new spinel-rich gabbro-troctolite-anorthosite highland. Anorthite and breccia of this meteorite have different shock metamorphic features. Planar fractures in olivine, maskelynite of plagioclase and impact melt veins containing unmelted pyroxene and olivine fragments were produced in the anorthite, and vitreous veins, impact melt-pockets and rock brecciation were developed in the breccia. The peak shock pressures in anorthosite and breccias are estimated to be ～ 45 GPa and ～ 78 GPa respectively, and the shock temperature peaks to be ～ 1 100℃ and ～ 1 890℃ respectively. The shock stage is S_5～ S_6.
NWA 12279 is a piece of anorthosite lunar meteorite newly discovered in 2016, consisting of 86% anorthite and 14% impact melt breccia. The anorthosite, has a poikilitic texture and is composed of plagioclase( 70. 6%), olivine( 11. 3%), pyroxene( 10. 0%) and magnesium-aluminum spinel( 7. 0%), with a small amount of quartz, chromite and ilmenite. The impact melt breccia is mainly composed of lithic clasts such as anorthosite,gabbro-troctolite-anorthosite, microporphyritic crystalline impact melt breccias and gabbro, and such mineral fragments as olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase and spinel, and glass as well as matrix. The anorthosite has the same mineral composition as the breccia: plagioclase( An_(92. 9 ～ 98. 4)), hypersthenes( Fs_(15. 5 ～ 32. 2) Wo_(2. 98 ～ 4. 22)), pigeonite( Fs_(27. 9 ～ 53. 1) Wo_(7. 19 ～ 14. 7)), augite( Fs_(8. 42 ～ 38. 9) Wo_(17. 0 ～ 44. 1)), olivine( Fo_(53. 7 ～ 89. 4)), and magnesium aluminum spinel( Mg_(4. 97) Fe_(0. 86))_(5. 83)( Al_(11. 4) Cr_(0. 61))_(12. 0) O_(24). Based on mineral composition, clastic composition, mineral components, total rock composition and shock-metamosphism features of the meteorite, as well as a comparison with the discovered lunar anorthosite, the authors hold that the meteorite may originate from a new spinel-rich gabbro-troctolite-anorthosite highland. Anorthite and breccia of this meteorite have different shock metamorphic features. Planar fractures in olivine, maskelynite of plagioclase and impact melt veins containing unmelted pyroxene and olivine fragments were produced in the anorthite, and vitreous veins, impact melt-pockets and rock brecciation were developed in the breccia. The peak shock pressures in anorthosite and breccias are estimated to be ～ 45 GPa and ～ 78 GPa respectively, and the shock temperature peaks to be ～ 1 100℃ and ～ 1 890℃ respectively. The shock stage is S_5～ S_6.
引文
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Chen Hongyi,Miao Bingkui,Xie Langfang,et al.2015.Mineralogy,petrology and evolution history of Lunar meteorite MIL05035 from Antarctica[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,31(4):1 171~1 182(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen Jie,Chai Jinghe,Pan Zi’ang,et al.1984.Electron probe microarea quantitative analysis and ZAF correction procedure[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,(3):60~69(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen Ming.2009.Features and conditions for the intracrystalline transformation from olivine to high-pressure polymorphs in shock-metamorphosed meteorites[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,29(1):1~6(in Chinese with English abstract).
Dai C,Wang D and Jin X.1991.Shock-loading experimental study of Jilin meteorite[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,36(23):1 984~1 987.
Ding Mingwei,Zhang Aicheng and Xu Weibiao.2008.Thermal and Shock Metamorphism of the Sixiangkou Ordinary Chondrite[J].Acta Astronomica Sinica,49(1):55~66(in Chinese with English abstract).
Filiberto J,Abernethy F,Butler I B,et al.2011.Maximizing the science return from 3.3 g of Martian meteorite:A consortium study of olivinephyric shergottite North West Africa 6234[A].Agu.Fall Meeting Abstracts[C].
Greshake A,Schmitt R T,St9ffler D,et al.2001.Dhofar 081:A new lunar highland meteorite[J].Meteoritics&Planetary Science,36(3):459~470.
Gross J and Treiman A H.2011.Unique spinel-rich lithology in lunar meteorite ALHA 81005:Origin and possible connection to M3 observations of the far side highlands[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Planets,116(E10):1~9.
Guo Dijiang.1995.Geological textures and Petrological Characteristics of the Moon[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,14(4):29~32(in Chinese with English abstract).
Homemann U and Müller W F.1971.Shock-induced deformation twins in clinopyroxene[J].Neues.Jb.Min.Mh.,6:247~256.
Hiesinger H.2006.New Views of Lunar Geoscience:An Introduction and O-verview[J].Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,60(1):1~81.
Isaacson P J,Sarbadhikari A B,Pieters C M,et al.2011.The lunar rock and mineral characterization consortium:Deconstruction and integrated minera-logical,petrologic,and spectroscopic analyses of mare basalts[J].Meteoritics and Planetary Science,46(2):228~251.
Kieffer S W,Schaal R B,Gibbons R V,et al.1976.Shocked basalt from Lunar impact crater,India,and experimental analogues[J].Proceedings Lunar Science Conference,7:1 391~1 412.
Korotev R L.1983.Geochemical study of individual 1-2 mm particles from Apollo 16 soil 65502[A].Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts[C].14:397~398.
Korotev R L,Zeigler R A and Jolliff B L.2003.Feldspathic lunar meteorites and their implications for compositional remote sensing of the lunar surface and the composition of the lunar crust[J].Geochimicaet Cosmochimica Acta,67(24):4 895~4 923.
Li Mingjian and Shang Yuejun.2011.Development and application of forsterite[A].Academic Exchange Meeting on Refractory Materials[C].150.
Miao Bingkui,Chen Hongyi,Xia Zhipeng,et al.2013.Lunar meteorites:Witnesses to the moon’s composition and evolution[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,25(4):316~328(in Chinese with English abstract).
Müller W F and Hornemann U.1969.Shock-induced planar deformation structures in experimentally shock loaded olivines and in olivines from chondritic meteorites[J].Earth Planet Science Letters,7(3):251~264.
Ostertag R.1983.Shock experiments on feldspar crystals[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,88:364~376.
Papike J J.1998.Comparative planetary mineralogy:chemistry of meltderived pyroxene,feldspar,and olivine[J].Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,36(2):1~11.
Schaal R B and H9rz F.1977.Shock metamorphism of lunar and terrestrial basalts[J].Proceedings Lunar Science Conference,8:1 697~1 729.
Schaal R B,H9rz F,Thompson T D,et al.1979.Shock metamorphism of granulated lunar basalt[J].Proceedings Lunar Planet Science Conference,10:2 547~2 571.
Snee L W and Ahrens T J.1975.Shock-induced deformation features in terrestrial peridot and lunar dunite[J].Proceedings Lunar Science Conference,6:833~842.
Snyder G A,Taylor L A,Patchen A,et al.1999.Mineralogy and petrology of a primitive spinel troctolite and gabbros from Luna 20,Eastern Highlands of the Moon[A].Lunar and Planetary Science Conference[C].
St9ffler D and Hornemann U.1972.Quartz and feldspar glasses produced by natural and experimental shock[J].Meteoritics,7:371~394.
St9ffler D,Keil K and Scott E R D.1991.Shock metamorphism of ordinary chondrites[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,55(12):3 845~3 867.
St9ffler D,Knoell H D,Marvin U B,et al.1980.Recommended classification and nomenclature of lunar highland rocks:A committee report[J].Lunar High-lands Crust,1:51~70.
St9ffler D and Reimold W U.1978.Experimental shock metamorphism of dunite[J].Proceedings Lunar Planet Science Conference,9:2 805~2 824.
Warren P H and Taylor G J.2014.The Moon[J].Reviews of Geophysics,29(4):213~250.
Warren P H and Kallemeyn G W.1991.Geochemical investigation of five lunar meteorites:Implications for the composition,origin and evolution of the lunar crust[A].Nipr Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites[C].4:91~117.
Xie Chao,Du Jianguo,Liu Lei,et al.2016.In Situ Raman spectrum peak test of monocrystalline silicon wafer under quantitative uniaxial pressure[J].Spectroscopy and spectral Analysis,36(4):1 261~1 265(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie Xiande and Chen Ming.2005.Investigation of mineral assemblage in the Earth's mantle on the basis of study of the Suizhou meteorite[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,24(4):277~285(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie Xiande and Chen Ming.2016.Suizhou Meteorite Mineralogy and Shock Metamorphism[M].Guangdong:Science and Technology Press,1~257.
Yao Xinjuan,Zeng Yiwei and Jiang Bihui.2010.Application prospect of spodumene in metallurgical casting and foundry coatings[J].Advanced Materials Industry,11:45~48(in Chinese with English abstract).
Guiyang Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences.1977.Advances in the Study of Lunar Geological[M].Beijing:Science Press,90(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu Jialing,Miao Bingkui,Gao Yang,et al.2018.Petrology,mineralogy and shock metamorphism of GRV 090228 meteorite from Antarctica[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,38(2):230~238(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈宏毅,缪秉魁,谢兰芳,等.2015.南极月球陨石MIL05035矿物学、岩石学及演化历史[J].岩石学报,31(4):1 172~1 182.
陈捷,柴京鹤,潘子昂,等.1984.电子探针微区定量分析及ZAF校正程序[J].硅酸盐通报,(3):60~69.
陈鸣.2009.冲击变质陨石橄榄石晶内高压多形转变特征与条件[J].矿物学报,29(1):1~6.
丁明伟,张爱铖,徐伟彪.2008.寺巷口普通球粒陨石的热变质和冲击变质历史研究[J].天文学报,49(1):55~66.
郭迪江.1995.月球地质结构及其岩石学特征[J].地质科技情报,14(4):29~32.
李明建,尚跃军.2011.镁橄榄石的开发应用[C].耐火原料学术交流会,150.
缪秉魁,陈宏毅,夏志鹏,等.2013.月球陨石:月球的物质组成及其演化历史的见证[J].极地研究,25(4):316~328.
谢超,杜建国,刘雷,等.2016.定量单轴压力下单晶硅片原位拉曼谱峰测试[J].光谱学与光谱分析,36(4):1 261~1 265.
谢先德,陈鸣.2005.从随州陨石研究探讨地幔的高压矿物组成[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,24(4):277~285.
姚新娟,曾益伟,蒋碧辉.2010.锂辉石在冶金铸造和铸造涂料中的应用前景[J].新材料产业,11:45~48.
中国科学院贵阳地球化学研究所.1977.月质学研究进展[J].北京:科学出版社,90.
朱佳玲,缪秉魁,高杨,等.2018.南极陨石GRV090228的岩石矿物学及冲击变质特征[J].桂林理工大学学报,38(2):230~238.
Carter N L,Raleigh C B and De Carli P S.1968.Deformation of olivine in stony meteorites[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,73(16):5 439~5 461.
Chen Hongyi,Miao Bingkui,Xie Langfang,et al.2015.Mineralogy,petrology and evolution history of Lunar meteorite MIL05035 from Antarctica[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,31(4):1 171~1 182(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen Jie,Chai Jinghe,Pan Zi’ang,et al.1984.Electron probe microarea quantitative analysis and ZAF correction procedure[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,(3):60~69(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen Ming.2009.Features and conditions for the intracrystalline transformation from olivine to high-pressure polymorphs in shock-metamorphosed meteorites[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,29(1):1~6(in Chinese with English abstract).
Dai C,Wang D and Jin X.1991.Shock-loading experimental study of Jilin meteorite[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,36(23):1 984~1 987.
Ding Mingwei,Zhang Aicheng and Xu Weibiao.2008.Thermal and Shock Metamorphism of the Sixiangkou Ordinary Chondrite[J].Acta Astronomica Sinica,49(1):55~66(in Chinese with English abstract).
Filiberto J,Abernethy F,Butler I B,et al.2011.Maximizing the science return from 3.3 g of Martian meteorite:A consortium study of olivinephyric shergottite North West Africa 6234[A].Agu.Fall Meeting Abstracts[C].
Greshake A,Schmitt R T,St9ffler D,et al.2001.Dhofar 081:A new lunar highland meteorite[J].Meteoritics&Planetary Science,36(3):459~470.
Gross J and Treiman A H.2011.Unique spinel-rich lithology in lunar meteorite ALHA 81005:Origin and possible connection to M3 observations of the far side highlands[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Planets,116(E10):1~9.
Guo Dijiang.1995.Geological textures and Petrological Characteristics of the Moon[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,14(4):29~32(in Chinese with English abstract).
Homemann U and Müller W F.1971.Shock-induced deformation twins in clinopyroxene[J].Neues.Jb.Min.Mh.,6:247~256.
Hiesinger H.2006.New Views of Lunar Geoscience:An Introduction and O-verview[J].Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,60(1):1~81.
Isaacson P J,Sarbadhikari A B,Pieters C M,et al.2011.The lunar rock and mineral characterization consortium:Deconstruction and integrated minera-logical,petrologic,and spectroscopic analyses of mare basalts[J].Meteoritics and Planetary Science,46(2):228~251.
Kieffer S W,Schaal R B,Gibbons R V,et al.1976.Shocked basalt from Lunar impact crater,India,and experimental analogues[J].Proceedings Lunar Science Conference,7:1 391~1 412.
Korotev R L.1983.Geochemical study of individual 1-2 mm particles from Apollo 16 soil 65502[A].Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts[C].14:397~398.
Korotev R L,Zeigler R A and Jolliff B L.2003.Feldspathic lunar meteorites and their implications for compositional remote sensing of the lunar surface and the composition of the lunar crust[J].Geochimicaet Cosmochimica Acta,67(24):4 895~4 923.
Li Mingjian and Shang Yuejun.2011.Development and application of forsterite[A].Academic Exchange Meeting on Refractory Materials[C].150.
Miao Bingkui,Chen Hongyi,Xia Zhipeng,et al.2013.Lunar meteorites:Witnesses to the moon’s composition and evolution[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,25(4):316~328(in Chinese with English abstract).
Müller W F and Hornemann U.1969.Shock-induced planar deformation structures in experimentally shock loaded olivines and in olivines from chondritic meteorites[J].Earth Planet Science Letters,7(3):251~264.
Ostertag R.1983.Shock experiments on feldspar crystals[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,88:364~376.
Papike J J.1998.Comparative planetary mineralogy:chemistry of meltderived pyroxene,feldspar,and olivine[J].Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,36(2):1~11.
Schaal R B and H9rz F.1977.Shock metamorphism of lunar and terrestrial basalts[J].Proceedings Lunar Science Conference,8:1 697~1 729.
Schaal R B,H9rz F,Thompson T D,et al.1979.Shock metamorphism of granulated lunar basalt[J].Proceedings Lunar Planet Science Conference,10:2 547~2 571.
Snee L W and Ahrens T J.1975.Shock-induced deformation features in terrestrial peridot and lunar dunite[J].Proceedings Lunar Science Conference,6:833~842.
Snyder G A,Taylor L A,Patchen A,et al.1999.Mineralogy and petrology of a primitive spinel troctolite and gabbros from Luna 20,Eastern Highlands of the Moon[A].Lunar and Planetary Science Conference[C].
St9ffler D and Hornemann U.1972.Quartz and feldspar glasses produced by natural and experimental shock[J].Meteoritics,7:371~394.
St9ffler D,Keil K and Scott E R D.1991.Shock metamorphism of ordinary chondrites[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,55(12):3 845~3 867.
St9ffler D,Knoell H D,Marvin U B,et al.1980.Recommended classification and nomenclature of lunar highland rocks:A committee report[J].Lunar High-lands Crust,1:51~70.
St9ffler D and Reimold W U.1978.Experimental shock metamorphism of dunite[J].Proceedings Lunar Planet Science Conference,9:2 805~2 824.
Warren P H and Taylor G J.2014.The Moon[J].Reviews of Geophysics,29(4):213~250.
Warren P H and Kallemeyn G W.1991.Geochemical investigation of five lunar meteorites:Implications for the composition,origin and evolution of the lunar crust[A].Nipr Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites[C].4:91~117.
Xie Chao,Du Jianguo,Liu Lei,et al.2016.In Situ Raman spectrum peak test of monocrystalline silicon wafer under quantitative uniaxial pressure[J].Spectroscopy and spectral Analysis,36(4):1 261~1 265(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie Xiande and Chen Ming.2005.Investigation of mineral assemblage in the Earth's mantle on the basis of study of the Suizhou meteorite[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,24(4):277~285(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie Xiande and Chen Ming.2016.Suizhou Meteorite Mineralogy and Shock Metamorphism[M].Guangdong:Science and Technology Press,1~257.
Yao Xinjuan,Zeng Yiwei and Jiang Bihui.2010.Application prospect of spodumene in metallurgical casting and foundry coatings[J].Advanced Materials Industry,11:45~48(in Chinese with English abstract).
Guiyang Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences.1977.Advances in the Study of Lunar Geological[M].Beijing:Science Press,90(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu Jialing,Miao Bingkui,Gao Yang,et al.2018.Petrology,mineralogy and shock metamorphism of GRV 090228 meteorite from Antarctica[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,38(2):230~238(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈宏毅,缪秉魁,谢兰芳,等.2015.南极月球陨石MIL05035矿物学、岩石学及演化历史[J].岩石学报,31(4):1 172~1 182.
陈捷,柴京鹤,潘子昂,等.1984.电子探针微区定量分析及ZAF校正程序[J].硅酸盐通报,(3):60~69.
陈鸣.2009.冲击变质陨石橄榄石晶内高压多形转变特征与条件[J].矿物学报,29(1):1~6.
丁明伟,张爱铖,徐伟彪.2008.寺巷口普通球粒陨石的热变质和冲击变质历史研究[J].天文学报,49(1):55~66.
郭迪江.1995.月球地质结构及其岩石学特征[J].地质科技情报,14(4):29~32.
李明建,尚跃军.2011.镁橄榄石的开发应用[C].耐火原料学术交流会,150.
缪秉魁,陈宏毅,夏志鹏,等.2013.月球陨石:月球的物质组成及其演化历史的见证[J].极地研究,25(4):316~328.
谢超,杜建国,刘雷,等.2016.定量单轴压力下单晶硅片原位拉曼谱峰测试[J].光谱学与光谱分析,36(4):1 261~1 265.
谢先德,陈鸣.2005.从随州陨石研究探讨地幔的高压矿物组成[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,24(4):277~285.
姚新娟,曾益伟,蒋碧辉.2010.锂辉石在冶金铸造和铸造涂料中的应用前景[J].新材料产业,11:45~48.
中国科学院贵阳地球化学研究所.1977.月质学研究进展[J].北京:科学出版社,90.
朱佳玲,缪秉魁,高杨,等.2018.南极陨石GRV090228的岩石矿物学及冲击变质特征[J].桂林理工大学学报,38(2):230~238.
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