某铁矿矿岩中含水量对放出体形态影响的试验研究
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摘要
合理的采场结构参数和放矿管理可以取得较好的矿石贫损指标,矿岩放出体形态对采场结构参数优化调整及放矿管理尤为重要。为研究某铁矿矿岩中含水量与放出体形态的关系,在不同含水量条件下(含水量ω分别为0、4%和6%),对取自该铁矿井下采场的矿岩材料进行了单体放矿物理相似模拟试验。结果表明:①沿进路方向,矿岩中含水量对放出体形态的影响较小,但随着含水量的增加,顶部矿石在放出矿石量中占比越来越大;②在垂直进路方向,当矿岩中不含水时,放出体形态接近椭圆,矿石放出效果好;ω=4%时,放出体下部偏"瘦",表明侧面矿石放出困难;ω=6%时,放矿过程中多次出现矿石成拱堵塞现象,导致放出体形态异常;③降低矿岩散体中的含水量有利于无底柱分段崩落法爆堆中矿岩散体连续、顺利放出。
Reasonable stope structure parameters and oredraw management can acquire better index of ore loss and dilution indicators,and the shape of drawn-out ore and rock is particularly important for optimizing stope structure parameters and oredraw management.In order to study the relationship between water content(water content ω is 0,4% and 6%) in the shape of draun-out orebody in an iron mine in Xinjiang,physical similarity simulation experiment of single ore drawing is carried out with ore-rock materials taken from underground stope of the mine.The experimental results show that:①the water content in ore-rock has little influence on the shape of drawn-out orebody along the drift,but with the increase of water content,the proportion of top ore on the amount of ore drawing is increasing;②in the vertical direction of drift,when there is no water in orerock,the shape of drawn-out orebody is close to an ellipse,which indicates that the effect of ore drawing is good;when ω is4%,compared with other conditions,the underpart of the drawn-out orebody is narrow,which indicates that it is difficult to draw side ore at this time;when ω is 6%,arch blockage of ore occurs many times in the process of ore drawing,which leads to abnormal shape of drawn-out orebody;③reducing the water content in ore-rock bulk is beneficial to the continuous and smooth drawing of ore-rock granular of muckpile in non-pillar sublevel caving.
Reasonable stope structure parameters and oredraw management can acquire better index of ore loss and dilution indicators,and the shape of drawn-out ore and rock is particularly important for optimizing stope structure parameters and oredraw management.In order to study the relationship between water content(water content ω is 0,4% and 6%) in the shape of draun-out orebody in an iron mine in Xinjiang,physical similarity simulation experiment of single ore drawing is carried out with ore-rock materials taken from underground stope of the mine.The experimental results show that:①the water content in ore-rock has little influence on the shape of drawn-out orebody along the drift,but with the increase of water content,the proportion of top ore on the amount of ore drawing is increasing;②in the vertical direction of drift,when there is no water in orerock,the shape of drawn-out orebody is close to an ellipse,which indicates that the effect of ore drawing is good;when ω is4%,compared with other conditions,the underpart of the drawn-out orebody is narrow,which indicates that it is difficult to draw side ore at this time;when ω is 6%,arch blockage of ore occurs many times in the process of ore drawing,which leads to abnormal shape of drawn-out orebody;③reducing the water content in ore-rock bulk is beneficial to the continuous and smooth drawing of ore-rock granular of muckpile in non-pillar sublevel caving.
引文
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[12]王昌汉.放矿学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1982.Wang Changhan.Ore Drawing[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1982.
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[14]吴爱祥,孙业志.散体动力学理论及其应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002.Wu Aixiang,Sun Yezhi.Granular Dynamic Theory and Its Application[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2002.
[15]朱志根,吴爱祥,习泳.含水量对矿岩散体流动特性影响分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2006,26(6):23-26.Zhu Zhigen,Wu Aixiang,Xi Yong.Analysis on influence of water content on the flowing property of bulk ore-rock[J].Mining Research and Development,2006,26(6):23-26.
[16]李涛.崩落法放矿过程中散体矿岩运移规律研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2018.Li Tao.Study on the Migration Law of Granular Ore-rock under Draw by Caving Method[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2018.
[17]行鹏飞,时磊,汪龙,等.某铁矿无底柱分段崩落法崩矿步距优化[J].中国矿业,2018(12):118-123.Xing Pengfei,Shi Lei,Wang Long,et al.Optimization of independent advance of ore breaking in one iron mine with non-pillar sublevel caving method[J].China Mining Magazine,2018(12):118-123.
[18]唐小龙,黄滚,时磊,等.某铁矿采场结构参数优化[J].现代矿业,2017(9):77-79.Tang Xiaolong,Huang Gun,Shi Lei,et al.Optimization of the stope structure parameters in an iron mine[J].Modern Mining,2017(9):77-79.
[19]张国建,徐国权.崩落法松散覆盖岩层自然分级对矿石损失贫化的影响[J].金属矿山,2010(5):21-24.Zhang Guojian,Xu Guoquan.Effect of the natural grade classification of loose-covered rock with caving on ore loss and dilution[J].Metal Mine,2010(5):21-24.
[20]刘兴国.放矿理论基础[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1995.Liu Xingguo.Basic Drawing Theory[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1995.
[21]牛伦.无底柱分段崩落法放出体测试方法研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.Niu Lun.Study on Measure Technology of Draw Body Shape in Sublevel Caving Method[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2014.
[2]Veljko L,Slavko T.Numerical investigation of caved rock mass friction and fragmentation change influence on gravity flow formation in sublevel caving[J].Minerals,2017,7(4):56-73.
[3]何荣兴,任凤玉,宋德林,等.大结构参数无底柱分段崩落法的发展及技术问题探讨[J].金属矿山,2015(6):1-5.He Rongxing,Ren Fengyu,Song Delin,et al.Discussion on development and technical problems of sublevel caving with large structural parameters[J].Metal Mine,2015(6):1-5.
[4]Castro R,Fuenzalida M,Fernando L.Experimental study of gravity flow under confined conditions[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2014,67:164-169.
[5]宋晓双,杨溢,刘磊.兰尖铁矿无底柱分段崩落法采场结构参数研究[J].金属矿山,2016(4):16-19.Song Xiaoshaung,Yang Yi,Liu Lei.Study on structural parameters of pillarless sublevel caving in Lanjian Iron Mine[J].Metal Mine,2016(4):16-19.
[6]刘娜,任凤玉,何荣兴.无底柱分段崩落法损失贫化细部控制方法研究[J].金属矿山,2016(11):10-15.Liu Na,Ren Fengyu,He Rongxing.Approach of ore loss and dilution control in sublevel caving method[J].Metal Mine,2016(11):10-15.
[7]王洪江,尹升华,吴爱祥.崩落矿岩流动特性及影响因素实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(5):693-698.Wang Hongjiang,Yin Shenghua,Wu Aixiang.Experimental study of the factors affecting the ore flow mechanism during block caving[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(5):693-698.
[8]王述红,任凤玉,魏永军.矿岩散体流动参数物理模拟实验[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2003,24(7):699-702.Wang Shuhong,Ren Fengyu,Wei Yongjun.Experimental physical simulation of mineral moving[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science Edition,2003,24(7):699-702.
[9]陶干强,杨仕教,任凤玉.崩落矿岩散粒体流动性能试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(10):2950-2954.Tao Ganqiang,Yang Shijiao,Ren Fengyu.Experimental research on granular flow characters of caved ore and rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(10):2950-2954.
[10]汪锐,赵坤,单强.无底柱超高分段室内物理放矿模拟试验[J].现代矿业,2011(4):4-6.Wang Rui,Zhao Kun,Shan Qiang.Simulating experiment of nonpillar super-high sublevel indoor physics drawing[J].Modern Mining,2011(4):4-6.
[11]孙浩,金爱兵,高永涛,等.崩落法采矿中放出体流动特性的影响因素[J].工程科学学报,2015,37(9):1111-1117.Sun Hao,Jin Aibing,Gao Yongtao,et al.Influencing factors on the flow characteristics of an isolated extraction zone in caving mining[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2015,37(9):1111-1117.
[12]王昌汉.放矿学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1982.Wang Changhan.Ore Drawing[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1982.
[13]吴爱祥,古德生,戴兴国.含水量对散体流动性的影响[J].中南矿冶学院学报,1994(4):455-459.Wu Aixiang,Gu Desheng,Dai Xingguo.The influence of water content on the flow property of bulk solid[J].Journal of Central-South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,1994(4):455-459.
[14]吴爱祥,孙业志.散体动力学理论及其应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002.Wu Aixiang,Sun Yezhi.Granular Dynamic Theory and Its Application[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2002.
[15]朱志根,吴爱祥,习泳.含水量对矿岩散体流动特性影响分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2006,26(6):23-26.Zhu Zhigen,Wu Aixiang,Xi Yong.Analysis on influence of water content on the flowing property of bulk ore-rock[J].Mining Research and Development,2006,26(6):23-26.
[16]李涛.崩落法放矿过程中散体矿岩运移规律研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2018.Li Tao.Study on the Migration Law of Granular Ore-rock under Draw by Caving Method[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2018.
[17]行鹏飞,时磊,汪龙,等.某铁矿无底柱分段崩落法崩矿步距优化[J].中国矿业,2018(12):118-123.Xing Pengfei,Shi Lei,Wang Long,et al.Optimization of independent advance of ore breaking in one iron mine with non-pillar sublevel caving method[J].China Mining Magazine,2018(12):118-123.
[18]唐小龙,黄滚,时磊,等.某铁矿采场结构参数优化[J].现代矿业,2017(9):77-79.Tang Xiaolong,Huang Gun,Shi Lei,et al.Optimization of the stope structure parameters in an iron mine[J].Modern Mining,2017(9):77-79.
[19]张国建,徐国权.崩落法松散覆盖岩层自然分级对矿石损失贫化的影响[J].金属矿山,2010(5):21-24.Zhang Guojian,Xu Guoquan.Effect of the natural grade classification of loose-covered rock with caving on ore loss and dilution[J].Metal Mine,2010(5):21-24.
[20]刘兴国.放矿理论基础[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1995.Liu Xingguo.Basic Drawing Theory[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1995.
[21]牛伦.无底柱分段崩落法放出体测试方法研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.Niu Lun.Study on Measure Technology of Draw Body Shape in Sublevel Caving Method[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2014.
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