黑碳气溶胶研究概况
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摘要
黑碳气溶胶是大气气溶胶的重要组成部分,由于其在全球气候变化和区域空气质量中的双重作用,黑碳已经成为目前全球气候变化研究中备受关注的焦点之一。在查阅近年国内外相关文献资料基础上,分析了黑碳气溶胶的来源和源强分布,结果表明工业源和居民生活消费源是大气中黑碳气溶胶最主要的贡献者,全球黑碳排放空间分布不均匀,与区域经济发展和人口密度相一致;总结了黑碳气溶胶的基本特性及其影响,重点探讨了黑碳对气候的影响机理,结果表明黑碳气溶胶既可以通过直接气候效应改变地-气系统的辐射平衡,又可以通过云反射效应、地表下垫面改变效应以及作为云凝结核间接影响区域或全球气候;随后对黑碳气溶胶的典型测量方法的优缺点进行了对比分析;最后介绍了黑碳研究领域中存在的主要问题,并对黑碳气溶胶研究的发展方向进行了展望。
Black carbon aerosol is an important part of atmospheric aerosols,Black Carbon(BC) has become one of the focus on the study of global climate changes because of its dual role in global climate change and regional air quality.On the basis of reviewing relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years,the sources and source intensity distributions of BC are analyzed,results show that the emissions from industrial and residential energy consumption are the main contributors in atmospheric BC,and the spatial distribution of global BC emissions is uneven,which is consistent with regional economic development and population density.Then the basic characters and impacts of BC are summed up,and the impact mechanism of BC on climate are focused on,the results show that BC not only can change the radiation balance of gas-ground system through direct climate effects,but also can affect regional or global climate through the reflection effect of the cloud,the change effect of the underlying surface and as cloud condensation nuclei.Then the advantages and disadvantages of the typical BC measuring methods are compared.At last,the main problems and development directions of the study of BC were reviewed briefly.
Black carbon aerosol is an important part of atmospheric aerosols,Black Carbon(BC) has become one of the focus on the study of global climate changes because of its dual role in global climate change and regional air quality.On the basis of reviewing relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years,the sources and source intensity distributions of BC are analyzed,results show that the emissions from industrial and residential energy consumption are the main contributors in atmospheric BC,and the spatial distribution of global BC emissions is uneven,which is consistent with regional economic development and population density.Then the basic characters and impacts of BC are summed up,and the impact mechanism of BC on climate are focused on,the results show that BC not only can change the radiation balance of gas-ground system through direct climate effects,but also can affect regional or global climate through the reflection effect of the cloud,the change effect of the underlying surface and as cloud condensation nuclei.Then the advantages and disadvantages of the typical BC measuring methods are compared.At last,the main problems and development directions of the study of BC were reviewed briefly.
引文
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