喂线机用节能永磁电动机温度特性研究
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摘要
针对钢铁冶炼过程中喂线机用节能永磁电机受高温环境因素影响出现的失磁故障,采用电磁温度耦合双收敛迭代计算方法对13.5 k W,8极短距永磁同步电机的电磁场及温度场进行了研究。首先建立了该电机全域二维瞬态电磁场数学模型,给出了电磁温度耦合双收敛迭代计算方法,在此基础上对电机的电磁场计算结果和温度场计算结果进行了分析,确定了永磁电机气隙磁密及永磁体工作点的变化规律;同时进一步分析了环境温度对电机内温度分布的影响,给出了电机内温度随环境温度的非线性变化规律,揭示了电机内温度随环境温度改变的非线变化机理;然后结合电动机温度特性影响关键因素的分析,对比研究了不同环境温度下电机内温度分布的变化特点,给出了高温环境下机壳材料、散热面积、表面风速等影响因素对喂线机用永磁节能电动机温度分布的影响,对防止高温环境下永磁伺服电机永磁体高温失磁具有重要意义。
Since the permanent magnet demagnetization fault caused by the high temperature in iron and steel smelting process,the electromagnetic field and temperature field of the 13. 5 k W,8 poles permanent magnet motor were studied by using the method of the double coupling convergent iterative of the temperature and electromagnetic fields. The 2- D transient electromagnetic field model of this permanent magnet machine was established,and the method of the double coupling convergent iterative of the electromagnetic field and temperature field was accounted. Based on above analyses,the calculation results of electromagnetic field and temperature field were obtained,and the variations of the air gap flux density and the permanent magnet operating point were analyzed. Additionally,the influence of the environment temperature on the temperature distribution in this machine was studied,and the temperature distribution nonlinear change in this machine with the environment temperature was discovered. And then combining the analysis of the temperature influence key factors,the temperature distribution of the machine operating at different environmental temperature was studied comparatively. The influence of casing material,heat dissipation area,and wind speed on the machine temperature field was analyzed,when the motor operates at high temperature environment. The conclusion may provide some reference for preventing the permanent magnet demagnetization.
Since the permanent magnet demagnetization fault caused by the high temperature in iron and steel smelting process,the electromagnetic field and temperature field of the 13. 5 k W,8 poles permanent magnet motor were studied by using the method of the double coupling convergent iterative of the temperature and electromagnetic fields. The 2- D transient electromagnetic field model of this permanent magnet machine was established,and the method of the double coupling convergent iterative of the electromagnetic field and temperature field was accounted. Based on above analyses,the calculation results of electromagnetic field and temperature field were obtained,and the variations of the air gap flux density and the permanent magnet operating point were analyzed. Additionally,the influence of the environment temperature on the temperature distribution in this machine was studied,and the temperature distribution nonlinear change in this machine with the environment temperature was discovered. And then combining the analysis of the temperature influence key factors,the temperature distribution of the machine operating at different environmental temperature was studied comparatively. The influence of casing material,heat dissipation area,and wind speed on the machine temperature field was analyzed,when the motor operates at high temperature environment. The conclusion may provide some reference for preventing the permanent magnet demagnetization.
引文
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[27]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.兆瓦级高速永磁电机通风系统设计与转子表面风摩损耗研究[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(2):50-55.
[2]王静松,许建国,孙伟,等.镁芯包芯线处理钢水夹杂物变性实验[J].北京科技大学学报,2007,29(1):22-25.
[3]王厚昕,姜周华,李阳,等.喂Si Ca Ba包芯线对钢中夹杂物变性的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2004,16(2):19-22.
[4]张建,姜钧普,高喆,等.钢包喂Ca Si线对钢中夹杂物变性的影响[J].炼钢,2000,16(2):26-30.
[5]WU R Z,SUN B D,NI H J.Using high Mg-content cored-cire to spheroidize and desulphurize ductile iron melt in industrial experiments[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters),2004,17(6):881-887.
[6]KABLUKOVSKII A F.Advantages of micro-alloying steel with titanium by means of cored wire[J].Metallurgist,2001,43(9):399-401.
[7]林岩.钕铁硼永磁电机防高温失磁技术的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2006.
[8]孔晓光.高速永磁电机定子损耗和温升研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2011.
[9]钟钦,马宏忠,张志艳,等.基于反电动势数学模型分析电动汽车永磁同步电机失磁故障[J].高压电器,2014,50(9):35-43.
[10]张志艳,马宏忠,陈诚,等.永磁电机失磁故障诊断方法综述[J].微电机,2013,46(3):77-80.
[11]戈宝军,安万强,陶大军,等.氦冷驱动电机转子端部温度场仿真[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2014,19(4):1-6.
[12]戈宝军,张志强,陶大军,等.轴向通风双馈异步发电机的温度场计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(21):86-93.
[13]刘琳琳,戈宝军,张志强.变频电动机转子三维温度场计算及槽形影响分析[C]//中国电工技术学会学术年会论文集.2011:25-29.
[14]HATZIATHANASSIOU V,XYPTERAS J,ARCHONTOULAKIS G.Electrical thermal coupled calculation of an asynchronous machine[J].Archiv für Elektrotechnik,1994,77(2):117-122.
[15]STATON D A,CAVAGNINO A.Convection heat transfer and flow calculations suitable for electric machines thermal models[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(10):3509-3516.
[16]汤蕴璆.电机内的电磁场[M].北京:北京科学出版社,1998:224-276.
[17]JABBAR M A,LIU Zhejie,JING Dong.Time-stepping finiteelement analysis for the dynamic performance of a permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2003,39(5):2621-2623.
[18]PFISTER P D,PERRIARD Y.Slotless permanent magnet machines:general analytical magnetic field calculation[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(6):1739-1752.
[19]陈世坤.电机设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1983:44-46.
[20]邱洪波.背绕式定子绕组高速永磁电机三维电磁场与温度场分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2012.
[21]ZHANG Xiaochen,LI Weili,CHENG Shukang,et al.Thermal analysis of high speed PM generator used for distributed generation system[C]//Proceeding of IEEE 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.IEEE,2010:1-7.
[22]霍菲阳,李勇,李伟力,等.大型空冷汽轮发电机定子通风结构优化方案的计算与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(6):69-73.
[23]LEWIS R W,NITHIARASU P,SEETHARAMUK.Fundamentals of the finite element method for heat and fluid flow[M].John Wiley and Sons Ltd,2004:175-183.
[24]BALL K S,FAROUK B,DIXIT V C.An experimental study of heat transfer in a vertical annulus with a rotating inner cylinder[J].International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer,1989,32(8):1517-1527.
[25]HATZIATHANASSIOU V,XYPTERAS J,ARCHONTOULAKIS G.Electrical-thermal coupled calculation of an asynchronous machine[J].Electrical Engineering,1994,77(2):117-122.
[26]李伟力,袁世鹏,霍菲阳,等.基于流体传热理论永磁风力发电机温度场分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(9):56-61.
[27]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.兆瓦级高速永磁电机通风系统设计与转子表面风摩损耗研究[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(2):50-55.