应用选择性磁罩盖法磁选分离镍黄铁矿与蛇纹石
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摘要
针对镍黄铁矿和蛇纹石浮选难分离,提出采用磁罩盖法进行磁分离.结果表明,控制一定的矿浆物化条件,随着磁种磁铁矿的添加,镍黄铁矿的磁选回收率随之升高,而蛇纹石的回收率基本保持很低,可实现两者的良好分离.人工混合矿分离结果表明,磁种质量分数为5%时,获得的精矿Ni品位为19.89%,回收率为92.46%,Mg O质量分数为4.72%;X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析结果显示磁铁矿在镍黄铁矿表面产生了罩盖,在蛇纹石表面未产生明显的罩盖;Zeta电位测试和DLVO理论计算结果表明,添加六偏磷酸钠后,蛇纹石表面电性由正变负,而对镍黄铁矿和磁铁矿表面电性未产生显著影响,从而使磁铁矿与蛇纹石间的相互作用变为排斥,而与镍黄铁矿之间仍为吸引,因而磁铁矿选择性罩盖在镍黄铁矿表面,增强其磁性,实现与蛇纹石的磁分离.
Magnetic coating magnetic separation method was proposed to separate pentlandite from serpentine,which is difficult to separate them using flotation. Results show that under certain physical and chemical conditions of slurry,the pentlandite recovery increases with the amounts of magnetite increasing,while the recovery of serpentine remains at a low level,indicating that their separation could be realized. The separation results of the artificial mixtures show that with addition of 5% magnetite,a concentrate of19. 89% Ni with a recovery of 92. 46% and Mg O mass content of 4. 72% are obtained. The results of X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) demonstrate that quantities of magnetite particles adhere to the pentlandite surfaces whereas the surface of serpentine is not clearly coated by the magnetite. The Zeta potential analyses and DLVO calculations suggest that with the addition of sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP),the Zeta potential of serpentine reverses from positive to negative while those of pentlandite and magnetite are not affected significantly. Thus,it made the interaction of magnetite-serpentine become repulsion while that of magnetite-pentlandite remain attraction. Consequently,magnetite particles selectively adhere to the surface of pentlandite and enhance its magnetism,resulting in the magnetic separation of pentlandite from serpentine.
Magnetic coating magnetic separation method was proposed to separate pentlandite from serpentine,which is difficult to separate them using flotation. Results show that under certain physical and chemical conditions of slurry,the pentlandite recovery increases with the amounts of magnetite increasing,while the recovery of serpentine remains at a low level,indicating that their separation could be realized. The separation results of the artificial mixtures show that with addition of 5% magnetite,a concentrate of19. 89% Ni with a recovery of 92. 46% and Mg O mass content of 4. 72% are obtained. The results of X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) demonstrate that quantities of magnetite particles adhere to the pentlandite surfaces whereas the surface of serpentine is not clearly coated by the magnetite. The Zeta potential analyses and DLVO calculations suggest that with the addition of sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP),the Zeta potential of serpentine reverses from positive to negative while those of pentlandite and magnetite are not affected significantly. Thus,it made the interaction of magnetite-serpentine become repulsion while that of magnetite-pentlandite remain attraction. Consequently,magnetite particles selectively adhere to the surface of pentlandite and enhance its magnetism,resulting in the magnetic separation of pentlandite from serpentine.
引文
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[13]Luo Z J,Wang W Q,Qian X.Theory and practice of phosphate rock beneficiation with surface magnetic coating.Ind Miner Process,1999(6):5(骆兆军,王文潜,钱鑫.表面磁种法分选磷灰矿石的理论与实践.化工矿物与加工,1999(6):5)
[14]Li X B,Huang X J,Qi T G,et al.Preliminary results on selective surface magnetization and separation of alumina-/silica-bearing minerals.Miner Eng,2015,81:135
[15]Long T,Feng Q M,Lu Y P.Dispersive mechanism of sodium hexametaphosphate on flotation of copper-nickel sulphide.Chin J Nonferr Met,2012,22(6):1763(龙涛,冯其明,卢毅屏.六偏磷酸钠在硫化铜镍矿浮选中的分散机理.中国有色金属学报,2012,22(6):1763)
[16]Beattie D A,Huynh L,Kaggwa G B N,et al.The effect of polysaccharides and polyacrylamides on the depression of talc and the flotation of sulphide minerals.Miner Eng,2006,19(6-8):598
[17]Feng B,Lu Y P,Feng Q M,et al.Talc-serpentine interactions and implications for talc depression.Miner Eng,2012,32:68
[18]Feng B,Feng Q M,Lu Y P.Dispersion mechanism of CMC on flotation system of serpentine and pyrite.J Centr South Univ Sci Technol,2013,44(7):2644(冯博,冯其明,卢毅屏.羧甲基纤维素在蛇纹石/黄铁矿浮选体系中的分散机理.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(7):2644)
[2]Ma J Q,Liu X.Influence of Mg O in ore of Jinchuan Cu-Ni deposit on floatation.Yunnan Geol,2005,24(4):402(马建青,刘星.甘肃金川铜镍矿石中Mg O对浮选的影响.云南地质,2005,24(4):402)
[3]Pietrobon M C,Grano S R,Sobieraj S,et al.Recovery mechanisms for pentlandite and Mg O-bearing gangue minerals in nickel ores from Western Australia.Miner Eng,1997,10(8):775
[4]Lu Y P,Long T,Feng Q M,et al.Flotation and its mechanism of fine serpentine.Chin J Nonferr Met,2009,19(8):1493(卢毅屏,尤涛,冯其明,等.微细粒蛇纹石的可浮性及其机理.中国有色金属学报,2009,19(8):1493)
[5]Chen G,Grano S,Sobieraj S,et al.The effect of high intensity conditioning on the flotation of a nickel ore,part 2:Mechanisms.Miner Eng,1999,12(11):1359
[6]Senior G D,Thomas S A.Development and implementation of a new flowsheet for the flotation of a low grade nickel ore.Int J Miner Process,2005,78(1):49
[7]Uddin S,Rao S R,Mirnezami M,et al.Processing an ultramafic ore using fiber disintegration by acid attack.Int J Miner Process,2012,102-103:38
[8]Xiong W L,Pan Z B,Tian X L.The application of modified starch in flotation of a nickel sulfide ore in Sichuan.Multipurp Util Miner Resour,2008(3):13(熊文良,潘志兵,田喜林.改性淀粉在硫化镍矿浮选中的应用.矿产综合利用,2008(3):13)
[9]Ma Z L.Study on the Separation of Jinchuan Nickel Ore Using a Shortened Column Flotation[Dissertation].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2009(马子龙.金川镍矿柱式短流程分选研究[学位论文].徐州:中国矿业大学,2009)
[10]Xing W Z.Theory and Practice of Magnetic Seeds Separation.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1994(幸伟中.磁种分选理论与实践.北京:冶金工业出版社,1994)
[11]Ucbas Y,Bozkurt V,Bilir K,et al.Separation of chromite from serpentine in fine sizes using magnetic carrier.Sep Sci Technol,2014,49(6):946
[12]Singh S,Sahoo H,Rath S S,et al.Recovery of iron minerals from Indian iron ore slimes using colloidal magnetic coating.Powder Technol,2015,269:38
[13]Luo Z J,Wang W Q,Qian X.Theory and practice of phosphate rock beneficiation with surface magnetic coating.Ind Miner Process,1999(6):5(骆兆军,王文潜,钱鑫.表面磁种法分选磷灰矿石的理论与实践.化工矿物与加工,1999(6):5)
[14]Li X B,Huang X J,Qi T G,et al.Preliminary results on selective surface magnetization and separation of alumina-/silica-bearing minerals.Miner Eng,2015,81:135
[15]Long T,Feng Q M,Lu Y P.Dispersive mechanism of sodium hexametaphosphate on flotation of copper-nickel sulphide.Chin J Nonferr Met,2012,22(6):1763(龙涛,冯其明,卢毅屏.六偏磷酸钠在硫化铜镍矿浮选中的分散机理.中国有色金属学报,2012,22(6):1763)
[16]Beattie D A,Huynh L,Kaggwa G B N,et al.The effect of polysaccharides and polyacrylamides on the depression of talc and the flotation of sulphide minerals.Miner Eng,2006,19(6-8):598
[17]Feng B,Lu Y P,Feng Q M,et al.Talc-serpentine interactions and implications for talc depression.Miner Eng,2012,32:68
[18]Feng B,Feng Q M,Lu Y P.Dispersion mechanism of CMC on flotation system of serpentine and pyrite.J Centr South Univ Sci Technol,2013,44(7):2644(冯博,冯其明,卢毅屏.羧甲基纤维素在蛇纹石/黄铁矿浮选体系中的分散机理.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(7):2644)