高镁钙磷尾矿酸解制纳米级碳酸钙
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摘要
以磷尾矿经硝酸复合溶剂酸解、除铁铝净化、钙镁分离得到的钙源为原料,采用碳化法制备碳酸钙。主要探讨了制备纳米级碳酸钙过程中碳酸铵溶液浓度、碳化温度、碳酸铵加入量对产物纯度及钙回收率的影响,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、激光粒度仪对碳酸钙的物相、形貌、粒度进行分析。结果表明:在碳酸铵溶液浓度为1.00 mol/L、碳化温度为40℃、碳酸铵与钙离子物质的量比为1.1条件下,制得碳酸钙的纯度为89.27%、钙回收率为85.54%,碳酸钙呈纳米粒状。
Calcium source was firstly prepared from phosphorus tailings by acid hydrolysis with nitric acid complex solvent,iron and aluminum removal and calcium and magnesium separation.Nanometer calcium carbonate was then prepared by carbonization method.The effects of ammonium carbonate solution concentration,carbonization temperature and the amount of ammonium carbonate on the purity and calcium recovery of the product were investigated.The phase,morphology and particle size of the product were analyzed by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and laser particle size analyzer.The results showed that the purity of product was 89.27 % and the yield of calcium was 85.54 % when the concentration of carbonizing agent was 1.00 mol/L,the carbonization temperature was 40 ℃,and n[(NH4)2 CO2]/n(Ca2+)=1.1. The product was nanogranular.
Calcium source was firstly prepared from phosphorus tailings by acid hydrolysis with nitric acid complex solvent,iron and aluminum removal and calcium and magnesium separation.Nanometer calcium carbonate was then prepared by carbonization method.The effects of ammonium carbonate solution concentration,carbonization temperature and the amount of ammonium carbonate on the purity and calcium recovery of the product were investigated.The phase,morphology and particle size of the product were analyzed by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and laser particle size analyzer.The results showed that the purity of product was 89.27 % and the yield of calcium was 85.54 % when the concentration of carbonizing agent was 1.00 mol/L,the carbonization temperature was 40 ℃,and n[(NH4)2 CO2]/n(Ca2+)=1.1. The product was nanogranular.
引文
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[2]任清宇,姚金蕊.中国磷矿资源的特点与开发策略[J].矿业快报,2006(2):1-4.
[3] Sis H,Chander S.Reagents used in the flotation of phosphate ores:acritical review[J].Minerals Engineering,2003,16(7):577-585.
[4] Marcia K.Phosphate rock mineral commodity summaries[M].wash-ington:United States Government Printing Office,2010.
[5]黎继永,童雄,韩彬,等.磷尾矿综合利用研究进展[J].矿产保护与利用,2015(5):57-62.
[6]马金平.矿产资源综合回收与利用[J].中国矿业,2010,19(9):57-59,70.
[7]国家发展改革委.中国资源综合利用年度报告[R].北京:中国工业节能与清洁生产协会,2014:3-8.
[8]曹清华,曹献珍.如何提高矿产资源保障能力[J].中国国土资源经济,2005,18(12):11-12,40.
[9] Ruan R,Wen J,Chen J.Bacterial heap-leaching:Practice in Zijin-shan copper mine[J].Hydrometallurgy,2006,83:77-82.
[10]李士刚,张广银.中低品位磷矿综合利用研究进展[J].化肥工业,2016,43(6):9-11.
[11]蒋俊.中低品位磷矿的开发利用途径[J].矿产综合利用,2014(4):16-19.
[12]田兴.反浮选磷尾矿的综合利用[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2013.
[13] Zhao Y L,Zhang Y M,Chen T J,et al.Preparation of high strengthautoclaved bricks from hematite tailings[J].Construction and Buil-ding Materials,2012,28(1):450-455.
[14] Yang C M,Cui C,Qin J,et al.Characteristics of the fired bricks withlow-silicon iron tailings[J].Construction and Building Materials,2014,70(1):36-42.
[15]赵博,陈延信,姚艳飞.白云石质磷尾矿悬浮态煅烧实验研究[J].无机盐工业,2013,45(5):18-20.
[16]高晓明,胡宏,解田.瓮福高镁低品位磷尾矿渣工艺特性的研究[J].贵州化工,2010,35(6):4-6.
[17]金绍祥,杨涛,杨正良.高镁磷尾矿中钙、镁、磷赋存状态研究[J].中国无机分析化学,2012,2(1):37-42,50.
[18]黄芳,李军旗,陈义,等.磷尾矿中磷、镁、铁、铝在硫酸中分解速率的实验研究[J].昆明理工大学学报:理工版,2010,35(1):19-23.
[19]谭志斗,谷晋川,吴焕理,等.高镁磷尾矿在磷酸中的溶解动力学[J].化工矿物与加工,2007(4):1-3.
[20]李军旗,金会心,黄芳,等.溶剂萃取磷尾矿酸解液中的H3PO4[J].化工进展,2010,29(6):1159-1163.
[21]张萍花,张春丽,王红艳,等.硝酸酸解磷尾矿制备氢氧化镁工艺条件研究[J].现代化工,2017,37(5):102-105.
[22]张萍花,刘代俊,陈建钧.硝酸复合溶剂酸解磷尾矿工艺条件研究[J].现代化工,2016(3):104-106,108.
[23]孙娜,尤彩霞,胡亚伟,等.磷尾矿氨循环法分离钙镁制取氢氧化镁碳酸钙的研究[J].无机盐工业,2018,50(3):57-59.
[24]金维,徐跃鑫,周骏宏,等.磷尾矿水洗-碳化法制氢氧化镁和碳酸钙研究[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(3):49-51.