不同话语类型影响词汇多样性和词类分布:基于普通话失语库平台的常人研究
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摘要
目的:初步构建普通话失语库常人数据集,探讨其中不同话语类型的言语产出。方法:根据国际失语库测试标准,采集30例健康人在不同任务类型中的多媒体话语材料,采用CLAN软件进行转录、编码和校验,并对不同话语类型的词汇多样性及词类分布进行统计分析。结果:命题故事的词汇多样性显著高于组图叙事和单图描述;三种话语类型的词类均以动词产出量最多,其次是名词;不同的话语类型具有不同的词类分布模式。结论:话语类型能影响健康人话语的词汇多样性和词类分布,据此可为言语障碍患者在会话水平的评估和干预提供指导。
Objective: To explore the speech performance for different discourse types by establishing a control group set for mandarin in AphasiaBank.Method: According to the established standard protocol of AphasiaBank, multi-media samples across different discourse types from thirty cognitively healthy adults were collected. Language samples were then transcribed,coded and checked by using CLAN. Lexical diversities and word category distributions across different discourse types were then analyzed.Result: Across discourse types, the highest lexical diversity was found for story narrative compared to the other two types of sequential pictures and single picture description. All three tasks had the most output of verbs,followed by nouns. Different discourse types had different distribution patterns of word categories.Conclusion: Discourse type influences lexical diversities and word category distributions in cognitively healthy adults. These findings make it possible to assess and treat patients with language disorders at discourse level.
Objective: To explore the speech performance for different discourse types by establishing a control group set for mandarin in AphasiaBank.Method: According to the established standard protocol of AphasiaBank, multi-media samples across different discourse types from thirty cognitively healthy adults were collected. Language samples were then transcribed,coded and checked by using CLAN. Lexical diversities and word category distributions across different discourse types were then analyzed.Result: Across discourse types, the highest lexical diversity was found for story narrative compared to the other two types of sequential pictures and single picture description. All three tasks had the most output of verbs,followed by nouns. Different discourse types had different distribution patterns of word categories.Conclusion: Discourse type influences lexical diversities and word category distributions in cognitively healthy adults. These findings make it possible to assess and treat patients with language disorders at discourse level.
引文
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[25]高婧,林枫,江钟立,等.汉语动词语义特征建模与分析[J].中国康复医学杂志,2016,(4):381-387.
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[28]Rabovsky M,Alvarez CJ,Hohlfeld A,et al.Is lexical access autonomous?Evidence from combining overlapping tasks with recording event-related brain potentials[J].Brain Research,2008,(1222):156-165.
[2]Bryant L,Ferguson A,Spencer E.Linguistic analysis of discourse in aphasia:A review of the literature[J].Clin Linguist Phon,2016,30(7):489-518.
[3]Macwhinney B,Fromm D,Forbes M,et al.AphasiaBank:methods for studying discourse[J].Aphasiology,2011,25(11):1286-1307.
[4]MacWhinney B,Fromm D.AphasiaBank as BigData[J].Semin Speech Lang,2016,37(1):10-22.
[5]Forbes MM,Fromm D,Macwhinney B.AphasiaBank:a resource for clinicians[J].Semin Speech Lang,2012,33(3):217-222.
[6]陈珍珍,林枫,邓宝梅,等.命名性失语的汉语普通话语料库构建[J].中国康复医学杂志,2018,33(6):669-674.
[7]Fergadiotis G,Wright HH,Capilouto GJ.Productive vocabulary across discourse types[J].Aphasiology,2011,25(10):1261-1278.
[8]Fergadiotis G,Wright HH.Lexical diversity for adults with and without aphasia across discourse elicitation tasks[J].Aphasiology,2011,25(11):1414-1430.
[9]Wright HH,Koutsoftas AD,Capilouto GJ,et al.Global coherence in younger and older adults:Influence of cognitive processes and discourse type[J].Neuropsychol Dev Cogn BAging Neuropsychol Cogn,2014,21(2):174-196.
[10]Fraser KC,Meltzer JA,Rudzicz F.Linguistic features identify Alzheimer's disease in narrative speech[J].J Alzheimers Dis,2016,49(2):407-422.
[11]Ahmed S,Haigh AM,de Jager CA,et al.Connected speech as a marker of disease progression in autopsy-proven Alzheimer's disease[J].Brain,2013,136(Pt 12):3727-3737.
[12]K?nig A,Satt A,Sorin A,et al.Automatic speech analysis for the assessment of patients with predementia and Alzheimer's disease[J].Alzheimers Dement(Amst),2015,1(1):112-124.
[13]Ferris SH,Farlow M.Language impairment in Alzheimer's disease and benefits of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors[J].Clin Interv Aging,2013,(8):1007-1014.
[14]Berisha V,Wang S,LaCross A,et al.Tracking discourse complexity preceding Alzheimer's disease diagnosis:a case study comparing the press conferences of Presidents Ronald Reagan and George Herbert Walker Bush[J].J Alzheimers Dis,2015,45(3):959-963.
[15]许贤豪.神经心理量表检测指南[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2007.
[16]李胜利.言语治疗学[M].第2版.北京:华夏出版社,2014.
[17]MacWhinney B,Fromm D,Holland A,et al.AphasiaBank:Data and Methods Research methods in clinical linguistics and phonetics[M].New York:Wiley,2013.268-287.
[18]Wright HH,Capilouto GJ.Manipulating task instructions to change narrative discourse performance[J].Aphasiology,2009,23(10):1295-1308.
[19]Fergadiotis G,Wright HH,Green SB.Psychometric Evaluation of lexical diversity indices:assessing length effects[J].J Speech Lang Hear Res,2015,58(3):840-852.
[20]Fergadiotis G,Wright HH,West TM.Measuring lexical diversity in narrative discourse of people with aphasia[J].Am J Speech Lang Pathol,2013,22(2):S397-S408.
[21]邓芳,郝美玲.基于“看图口语叙述”任务的泰国留学生词汇多样性发展研究[J].华文教学与研究,2017,(1):9-15.
[22]Ross I,Robert.A language and environment for statistical computing[CP/OL].Vienna,Austria:R Foundation for Statistcal Computing,2015.https://www.r-project.org/.
[23]林枫.面向言语治疗的汉语词汇语义表征分析研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.
[24]向伟华,林枫,江钟立.汉语名词语义特征建模与分析[J].中国康复医学杂志,2015,30(11):1118-1124.
[25]高婧,林枫,江钟立,等.汉语动词语义特征建模与分析[J].中国康复医学杂志,2016,(4):381-387.
[26]赵俊海.阿尔茨海默症患者话语的系统功能语言学研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2012.
[27]Le D,Provost E M.Improving Automatic recognition of aphasic speech with aphasiaBank[J].Interspeech,2016:2681-2685.
[28]Rabovsky M,Alvarez CJ,Hohlfeld A,et al.Is lexical access autonomous?Evidence from combining overlapping tasks with recording event-related brain potentials[J].Brain Research,2008,(1222):156-165.