甘薯连作对根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响
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摘要
为探究甘薯连作后根际土壤微生物群落结构变化,以徐薯18(耐连作品种)和遗字138(不耐连作品种)为试验材料,连作2年,于栽植初期和收获前期分别采集根际土壤,利用磷脂脂肪酸法(PLFA)分析其根际土壤微生物群落结构变化。结果表明,连作后,2个品种根际土壤的总PLFA含量均有所提高,与2015年相比,2016年栽植初期遗字138根际土壤真菌和放线菌PLFA的增加量分别是徐薯18的3.5倍和1.24倍,且均达到显著水平;F/B和G~+/G~-在不同采样时期有所不同;主成分分析提取的2个主成分解释了89.05%的变异,其中PC1解释了76.91%的变异,PC2解释了12.14%的变异。2个品种连作前后差异明显。休闲期甘薯根际土壤微生物含量增多,这可能有助于缓解连作障碍。综上,甘薯连作导致甘薯根际土壤微生物群落结构失衡,特别是不耐连作品种连作后导致真菌数量明显增加。本研究结果为应用生态防控技术缓解连作障碍提供了理论依据。
In order to explore the changes of microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil after continuous cropping of sweetpotato, this experiment was carried out for two years, with Xushu18(resistant to continuous cropping) and Yizi138(not resistant to continuous cropping) as experimental materials. The soil samples during the early period of growing and harvest in two consecutive years were collected respectively to analyze the microbial community structure changes of rhizosphere soil with the method of PLFA. The results showed that the total content of PLFA in the rhizosphere soil of both Xushu18 and Yizi138 were increased after continuous cropping in 2016, compared to the early planting in 2015, the increments of Fungi and Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of Yizi138 were 3.5 times and 1.24 times of that in Xushu18, respectively, and reached the significant levels. The changes of F/B and G~+/G~- were also different in different sampling periods. The principal component analysis of PLFA showed that two principal components were extracted out which explained 89.05% of the variation, PC1 explained 76.91% of the variation, and PC2 explained 12.14%. It was found that after continuous cropping the difference among samples was significant. During the fallow period, the content of microorganisms of sweetpotato rhizosphere soil increased, which may help to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle. In summary, the continuous cropping of sweetpotato leads to the unbalanced microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil,especially an obvious increase in the content of fungi after continuous cropping. The rescults of this study provided a theoretical basis for applying ecological control technology to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle.
In order to explore the changes of microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil after continuous cropping of sweetpotato, this experiment was carried out for two years, with Xushu18(resistant to continuous cropping) and Yizi138(not resistant to continuous cropping) as experimental materials. The soil samples during the early period of growing and harvest in two consecutive years were collected respectively to analyze the microbial community structure changes of rhizosphere soil with the method of PLFA. The results showed that the total content of PLFA in the rhizosphere soil of both Xushu18 and Yizi138 were increased after continuous cropping in 2016, compared to the early planting in 2015, the increments of Fungi and Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of Yizi138 were 3.5 times and 1.24 times of that in Xushu18, respectively, and reached the significant levels. The changes of F/B and G~+/G~- were also different in different sampling periods. The principal component analysis of PLFA showed that two principal components were extracted out which explained 89.05% of the variation, PC1 explained 76.91% of the variation, and PC2 explained 12.14%. It was found that after continuous cropping the difference among samples was significant. During the fallow period, the content of microorganisms of sweetpotato rhizosphere soil increased, which may help to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle. In summary, the continuous cropping of sweetpotato leads to the unbalanced microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil,especially an obvious increase in the content of fungi after continuous cropping. The rescults of this study provided a theoretical basis for applying ecological control technology to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle.
引文
[1] 兰岚, 周婵媛, 唐乐, 王盈希, 陶冶, 陈致印. 甘薯营养价值及综合开发利用[J]. 现代化农业, 2016, 38(12): 27-30
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[3] 时鹏, 高强, 王淑平, 张妍. 玉米连作及其施肥对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(22): 6173-6182
[4] 卫玲, 樊云茜, 肖俊红, 段学艳, 杨海峰, 周安定. 大豆连作障碍及其缓解措施研究[J]. 杂粮作物, 2010, 30(2): 141-142
[5] 武春成, 曹霞, 李天来. 黄瓜连作土壤及营养基质热处理的生物效应研究[J]. 核农学报, 2016, 30(6): 1178-1185
[6] 李范, 李娜, 陈建中, 李萍, 陈怡, 蒋小强. 基于磷脂脂肪酸提取方法的微生物群落结构研究[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2014, 42(9): 323-325
[7] 马玲, 马琨, 杨桂丽, 牛红霞, 代晓华. 马铃薯连作栽培对土壤微生物多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2015, 23(5): 589-596
[8] 商丽丽, 杜清福, 韩俊杰, 邱鹏飞, 辛国胜. 甘薯重茬对土壤微生物的影响及重茬障碍防治措施研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2015(4): 126-129
[9] 李冬梅, 施雪华, 孙丽欣, 赵贞, 余敏, 欧阳红. 磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析方法及其在环境微生物学领域的应用[J]. 科技导报, 2012, 30(2): 65-69
[10] 王晓慧, 文湘华. MAR-FISH技术及其在环境微生物群落与功能研究中的应用[J]. 微生物学通报, 2009, 36(1): 142-148
[11] 齐鸿雁, 薛凯, 张洪勋. 磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析方法及其在微生物生态学领域的应用[J]. 生态学报, 2003, 23(8): 1576-1582
[12] 祁建军, 姚槐应, 李先恩, 薛梅, 马小军. 磷脂脂肪酸法分析地黄根际土壤微生物多样性[J]. 土壤, 2008, 40(3): 448-454
[13] 孙敬祖, 薛泉宏, 唐明, 曹书苗, 邢胜利. 放线菌制剂对连作草莓根区微生物区系的影响及其防病促生作用[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 37(12): 153-158
[14] Frostegard A, Tunlid A, Baath E. Phospholipid fatty acid composition and activity of microbial communities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1993, 59(11): 3605-3617
[15] 王曙光, 侯彦林. 磷脂脂肪酸方法在土壤微生物分析中的应用[J]. 微生物学通报, 2004, 31(1): 114-118
[16] 钟文辉, 蔡祖聪. 土壤微生物多样性研究方法[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(5): 899-904
[17] 颜慧, 蔡祖聪, 钟文辉. 磷脂脂肪酸分析方法及其在土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用[J]. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(5): 851-859
[18] Bell C W, Acosta-Martinez Ⅴ, Mcintyre N E, Cox S, Tissue D T, Zak John C. Linking microbial community structure and function to seasonal differences in soil moisture and temperature in a Chihuahuan desert grassland[J]. Microbial Ecology, 2009, 58(4): 827-842
[19] Ingram L J, Stahl P D, Schuman G E, Buyer J S, Vance G F, Ganjegunte G K, Welker J M, Derner J D. Grazing impacts on soil carbon and microbial communities in a mixed-grass ecosystem[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2008, 72(4): 939-948
[20] Frostegard A, Baath E. The use of phospholipid fatty acid analysis to estimate bacterial and fungal biomass in soil [J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1996, 22(1/2): 59-65
[21] 陈平平, 郭莉莉, 唐利忠, 卢浩宇, 袁珍贵, 杨晶, 易镇邪, 屠乃美. 土壤pH对不同酸性敏感型水稻品种氮利用效率与根际土壤生物学特性的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2017, 31(4): 757-767
[22] 张亚玉, 宋晓霞, 孙海, 汪景宽, 于树. 磷脂脂肪酸法分析野山参根区土壤微生物群落多样性[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2011, 42(2): 92-96
[23] Lin X G, Yin R, Zhang H Y, Huang J F, Chen R R, Cao Z H. Changes of soil microbiological properties caused by land use changing from rice-wheat rotation to vegetable cultivation [J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2004, 26(2/3): 119-128
[24] 张地, 张育新, 曲来叶, 张霜, 马克明. 海拔对辽东栎林地土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(8): 2041-2048
[25] 刘晔, 姜瑛, 王国文, 张艺, 杨永强, 岳明灿, 刘世亮, 汪强. 不同连作年限对植烟土壤理化性状及微生物区系的影响[J]. 中国农学通报. 2016, 32(13): 136-140
[26] 银玲, 田迅, 李依韦, 冀照君, 赵汝. 甘薯根腐病病原菌鉴定[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2017, 37(2): 10-14
[27] 谷岩, 邱强, 王振民, 陈喜凤, 吴春胜. 连作大豆根际微生物群落结构及土壤酶活性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(19): 3955-3964
[28] 陶磊, 褚贵新, 刘涛, 唐诚, 李俊华, 梁永超. 有机肥替代部分化肥对长期连作棉田产量、土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(21): 6137-6146
[29] 乔晓荣. 不同改良剂对土壤微生物生态的影响[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2011
[30] 蔡艳, 郝明德, 臧逸飞, 何晓雁, 张丽琼. 不同轮作制下长期施肥旱地土壤微生物多样性特征[J]. 核农学报, 2015, 29(2): 344-350
[31] 赵大勇, 燕文明, 冯景伟, 袁守军. 磷脂脂肪酸分析在湖泊沉积物微生物生态学研究中的应用[J]. 化学与生物工程, 2009, 26(12): 17-20
[32] 王靖渊, 屠乃美, 何康, 侯方舟, 付小红, 杨旭初. 有机肥料对土壤微生物多样性影响研究进展[J]. 天津农业科学, 2016, 22(6): 51-55
[2] 李艳花, 唐道彬, 张晓春, 杜成章, 陈红, 钟巍然, 王卫强, 张凯, 王季春. 甘薯杂交F1群体材料的遗传多样性研究[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2015, 16(2): 282-287
[3] 时鹏, 高强, 王淑平, 张妍. 玉米连作及其施肥对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(22): 6173-6182
[4] 卫玲, 樊云茜, 肖俊红, 段学艳, 杨海峰, 周安定. 大豆连作障碍及其缓解措施研究[J]. 杂粮作物, 2010, 30(2): 141-142
[5] 武春成, 曹霞, 李天来. 黄瓜连作土壤及营养基质热处理的生物效应研究[J]. 核农学报, 2016, 30(6): 1178-1185
[6] 李范, 李娜, 陈建中, 李萍, 陈怡, 蒋小强. 基于磷脂脂肪酸提取方法的微生物群落结构研究[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2014, 42(9): 323-325
[7] 马玲, 马琨, 杨桂丽, 牛红霞, 代晓华. 马铃薯连作栽培对土壤微生物多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2015, 23(5): 589-596
[8] 商丽丽, 杜清福, 韩俊杰, 邱鹏飞, 辛国胜. 甘薯重茬对土壤微生物的影响及重茬障碍防治措施研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2015(4): 126-129
[9] 李冬梅, 施雪华, 孙丽欣, 赵贞, 余敏, 欧阳红. 磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析方法及其在环境微生物学领域的应用[J]. 科技导报, 2012, 30(2): 65-69
[10] 王晓慧, 文湘华. MAR-FISH技术及其在环境微生物群落与功能研究中的应用[J]. 微生物学通报, 2009, 36(1): 142-148
[11] 齐鸿雁, 薛凯, 张洪勋. 磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析方法及其在微生物生态学领域的应用[J]. 生态学报, 2003, 23(8): 1576-1582
[12] 祁建军, 姚槐应, 李先恩, 薛梅, 马小军. 磷脂脂肪酸法分析地黄根际土壤微生物多样性[J]. 土壤, 2008, 40(3): 448-454
[13] 孙敬祖, 薛泉宏, 唐明, 曹书苗, 邢胜利. 放线菌制剂对连作草莓根区微生物区系的影响及其防病促生作用[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 37(12): 153-158
[14] Frostegard A, Tunlid A, Baath E. Phospholipid fatty acid composition and activity of microbial communities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1993, 59(11): 3605-3617
[15] 王曙光, 侯彦林. 磷脂脂肪酸方法在土壤微生物分析中的应用[J]. 微生物学通报, 2004, 31(1): 114-118
[16] 钟文辉, 蔡祖聪. 土壤微生物多样性研究方法[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(5): 899-904
[17] 颜慧, 蔡祖聪, 钟文辉. 磷脂脂肪酸分析方法及其在土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用[J]. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(5): 851-859
[18] Bell C W, Acosta-Martinez Ⅴ, Mcintyre N E, Cox S, Tissue D T, Zak John C. Linking microbial community structure and function to seasonal differences in soil moisture and temperature in a Chihuahuan desert grassland[J]. Microbial Ecology, 2009, 58(4): 827-842
[19] Ingram L J, Stahl P D, Schuman G E, Buyer J S, Vance G F, Ganjegunte G K, Welker J M, Derner J D. Grazing impacts on soil carbon and microbial communities in a mixed-grass ecosystem[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2008, 72(4): 939-948
[20] Frostegard A, Baath E. The use of phospholipid fatty acid analysis to estimate bacterial and fungal biomass in soil [J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1996, 22(1/2): 59-65
[21] 陈平平, 郭莉莉, 唐利忠, 卢浩宇, 袁珍贵, 杨晶, 易镇邪, 屠乃美. 土壤pH对不同酸性敏感型水稻品种氮利用效率与根际土壤生物学特性的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2017, 31(4): 757-767
[22] 张亚玉, 宋晓霞, 孙海, 汪景宽, 于树. 磷脂脂肪酸法分析野山参根区土壤微生物群落多样性[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2011, 42(2): 92-96
[23] Lin X G, Yin R, Zhang H Y, Huang J F, Chen R R, Cao Z H. Changes of soil microbiological properties caused by land use changing from rice-wheat rotation to vegetable cultivation [J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2004, 26(2/3): 119-128
[24] 张地, 张育新, 曲来叶, 张霜, 马克明. 海拔对辽东栎林地土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(8): 2041-2048
[25] 刘晔, 姜瑛, 王国文, 张艺, 杨永强, 岳明灿, 刘世亮, 汪强. 不同连作年限对植烟土壤理化性状及微生物区系的影响[J]. 中国农学通报. 2016, 32(13): 136-140
[26] 银玲, 田迅, 李依韦, 冀照君, 赵汝. 甘薯根腐病病原菌鉴定[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2017, 37(2): 10-14
[27] 谷岩, 邱强, 王振民, 陈喜凤, 吴春胜. 连作大豆根际微生物群落结构及土壤酶活性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(19): 3955-3964
[28] 陶磊, 褚贵新, 刘涛, 唐诚, 李俊华, 梁永超. 有机肥替代部分化肥对长期连作棉田产量、土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(21): 6137-6146
[29] 乔晓荣. 不同改良剂对土壤微生物生态的影响[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2011
[30] 蔡艳, 郝明德, 臧逸飞, 何晓雁, 张丽琼. 不同轮作制下长期施肥旱地土壤微生物多样性特征[J]. 核农学报, 2015, 29(2): 344-350
[31] 赵大勇, 燕文明, 冯景伟, 袁守军. 磷脂脂肪酸分析在湖泊沉积物微生物生态学研究中的应用[J]. 化学与生物工程, 2009, 26(12): 17-20
[32] 王靖渊, 屠乃美, 何康, 侯方舟, 付小红, 杨旭初. 有机肥料对土壤微生物多样性影响研究进展[J]. 天津农业科学, 2016, 22(6): 51-55