风送转盘式生物农药离心雾化喷头的性能
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摘要
针对专门喷施生物农药的器械较少的现状,设计制造了风送离心式雾化装置,并通过改变风送离心雾化转盘的结构参数(外径、齿数、斜角)以及操作参数(流量、转速、风速)进行雾滴粒径、生物农药活性以及小菜蛾Plutella xylostella防治药效试验。得出的主要结论有:转盘外径越大,雾滴粒径越小;斜角度数越大,雾化粒径越小;齿数越多,雾滴粒径越小。由此推荐了针对不同环境下的作物,风送转盘式生物农药离心雾化喷头的最佳结构参数组合,转盘外径、转盘斜角、转盘齿数对于生物农药活性的影响都不大,满足病虫害防治要求。综合各因素,提出了风送转盘式生物农药离心雾化喷头操作参数的优化设置为:流量为40 L·h-1,转速为6 000 r·min-1,风速为5 m·s-1;从药效上看,各种结构参数和操作参数组合小菜蛾的死亡率都在90%以上,满足使用要求。
To improve the situation that there is few special equipment for biological pesticide spraying, the air assisted centrifugal atomization device has been designed and manufactured. By changing the structural parameters(diameter, number of teeth, bevel) and operating parameters(flow rate, rotational speed and wind speed), this research conducted experiments on the particle diameter, biological pesticide activity and efficacy trials. The main findings are as follows: The bigger atomization wheel diameter is the smaller atomized particle size will be; the smaller the angle degree is the greater atomized particle size will be; the larger number of teeth is the smaller atomized particle diameter will be. As a result, the best combinations of disc nozzle structural parameters have been recommended for various environments. Another conclusion is that the wheel diameter,the turntable angle, and number of teeth have little influence on biological pesticide activity, thus meeting the requirement of plant pest prevention and control. The optimal combination of operational parameters are as follows: The flow rate is 40 L·h-1; the speed is 6 000 r·min-1 and the wind speed is 5 m·s-1. From the perspective of pesticide efficacy, Plutella xylostella mortality rate is over 90%, which meets the use requirements.
To improve the situation that there is few special equipment for biological pesticide spraying, the air assisted centrifugal atomization device has been designed and manufactured. By changing the structural parameters(diameter, number of teeth, bevel) and operating parameters(flow rate, rotational speed and wind speed), this research conducted experiments on the particle diameter, biological pesticide activity and efficacy trials. The main findings are as follows: The bigger atomization wheel diameter is the smaller atomized particle size will be; the smaller the angle degree is the greater atomized particle size will be; the larger number of teeth is the smaller atomized particle diameter will be. As a result, the best combinations of disc nozzle structural parameters have been recommended for various environments. Another conclusion is that the wheel diameter,the turntable angle, and number of teeth have little influence on biological pesticide activity, thus meeting the requirement of plant pest prevention and control. The optimal combination of operational parameters are as follows: The flow rate is 40 L·h-1; the speed is 6 000 r·min-1 and the wind speed is 5 m·s-1. From the perspective of pesticide efficacy, Plutella xylostella mortality rate is over 90%, which meets the use requirements.
引文
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[3]张慧春,郑加强,周宏平,等.转笼式生物农药雾化喷头的性能试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(4):63-70.ZHANG Huichun,ZHENG Jiaqiang,ZHOU Hongping,et al.Performance experiments of rotary cage atomizer for biological pesticide application[J].Transac Chin Soc Agric Eng,2013,29(4):63-70.
[4]HOFFMANN W C.Technical note:comparison of three imaging systems for water-sensitive papers[J].Appl Eng Agric,2005,21(6):961-964.
[5]BAYAT A,BOZDOGAN N Y.An air-assisted spinning disc nozzle and its performance on spray deposition and reduction of drift potential[J].Crop Prot,2005,24(11):951-960.
[6]祁力钧,傅泽田,高振江.转子喷头的雾滴轨迹及雾滴飘移性能[J].中国农业大学学报,2002,7(2):47-52.QI Lijun,FU Zetian,GAO Zhenjiang.Spray pattern and drift potential of a spinning disk[J].J China Agric Univ,2002,7(2):47-52.
[7]FOX R D,DERKSEN R C,ZHU Heping,et al.A history of air-blast sprayer development and future prospects[J].Transac ASABE,2008,51(2):405-410.
[8]李锐,李生才.生物农药及其发展对策[J].山西农业科学,2008,36(7):74-76.LI Rui,LI Shengcai.Biopesticide and its developmental measure[J].J Shanxi Agric Sci,2008,36(7):74-76.