压应力对P110套管钢CO_2腐蚀产物膜的影响
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摘要
目前,鲜见压力作用下P110钢在CO_2环境中腐蚀行为的综合研究,采用高温高压釜制备了压应力作用下P110钢在CO_2环境中的腐蚀产物膜,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察和分析了P110钢腐蚀产物膜的表面形貌和物相。利用电化学工作站得到了P110钢腐蚀产物膜在溶有饱和CO_2的质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、动电位极化曲线和Mott-Schottky(M-S)曲线等电化学性能。结果表明:P110钢在压应力作用下能形成一层完整的腐蚀产物膜,并且压应力不会改变腐蚀产物膜的物相组成;施加引起弹性形变的压应力(30%σ_s,90%σ_s)会使腐蚀产物膜的晶粒变大,晶界减少,腐蚀产物膜中的离子微观通道减少,电荷转移电阻增大,载流子浓度减小,腐蚀电流密度减小;在引起塑性形变的压应力(103%σ_s)的作用下,腐蚀产物膜的晶粒略微变小,晶界略微增多,载流子浓度和缺陷数量有所增加;对P110钢施加引起弹性形变的压应力能促进腐蚀产物膜的形成,增强膜对基体的保护作用,而施加引起塑性形变的压应力会略微破坏腐蚀产物膜的完整性,但膜仍对基体具有较好的保护作用。
The corrosion product films on P110 casting steel were gained by the high temperature and high pressure autoclave in CO_2 environment. Scanning electron microscope( SEM) and X-ray diffractometer( XRD) were used to investigate the surface morphology and phase composition of the corrosion product films formed on P110 casing steels,and electrochemical workstation was used to obtain the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy( EIS),potential dynamic polarization curves and Mott-Schottky( M-S) curves of the corrosion product films in 3.5%Na Cl solution of saturated CO_2 environment. Results showed that the integrated corrosion product films formed on P110 casing steels under different compressive stress and the phases of these films were not changed. Under the applied elastic compressive stress( 30% σ_s,90%σ_s),the grain size of corrosion product films became bigger,and the grain boundaries and the micro-channels decreased,as well as the charge transfer resistance increased,which led to the decrease of electrochemical reaction rate and the concentration of carriers. Moreover,under the plastic deformed compressive stress( 103% σ_s),the grain size of corrosion product films became smaller,and grain boundaries increased slightly as well as the carrier concentration and defects. It was revealed that applying elastic compressive stress on P110 steels could promote the formation of corrosion product films partly and enhance the protective capability of films. The applied plastic compressive stress could destroy the integrity of the corrosion product films partly and slightly,but the films still had the protective capability in a certain degree.
The corrosion product films on P110 casting steel were gained by the high temperature and high pressure autoclave in CO_2 environment. Scanning electron microscope( SEM) and X-ray diffractometer( XRD) were used to investigate the surface morphology and phase composition of the corrosion product films formed on P110 casing steels,and electrochemical workstation was used to obtain the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy( EIS),potential dynamic polarization curves and Mott-Schottky( M-S) curves of the corrosion product films in 3.5%Na Cl solution of saturated CO_2 environment. Results showed that the integrated corrosion product films formed on P110 casing steels under different compressive stress and the phases of these films were not changed. Under the applied elastic compressive stress( 30% σ_s,90%σ_s),the grain size of corrosion product films became bigger,and the grain boundaries and the micro-channels decreased,as well as the charge transfer resistance increased,which led to the decrease of electrochemical reaction rate and the concentration of carriers. Moreover,under the plastic deformed compressive stress( 103% σ_s),the grain size of corrosion product films became smaller,and grain boundaries increased slightly as well as the carrier concentration and defects. It was revealed that applying elastic compressive stress on P110 steels could promote the formation of corrosion product films partly and enhance the protective capability of films. The applied plastic compressive stress could destroy the integrity of the corrosion product films partly and slightly,but the films still had the protective capability in a certain degree.
引文
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[2]田源,吴贵阳,曹军,等.材料在酸性气田服役中失效的分析评价技术[J].石油与天然气化工,2017,46(2):63-67.
[3] TAVARES L M,COSTA E M,ANDRADE J J,et al. Effect of Calcium Carbonate on Low Carbon Steel Corrosion Behavior in Saline CO2High Pressure Environments[J]. Applied Surface Science,2015,359:143-152.
[4] LI J L,MA H X,ZHU S D,et al. Erosion Resistance of CO2Corrosion Scales Formed on API P110 Carbon Steel[J]. Corrosion Science,2014,86(86):101-107.
[5]陈长风,赵国仙,路民旭,等. N80钢CO2腐蚀产物膜研究[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2002,22(3):143-147.
[6] NEIC'S. Key Issues Related to Modelling of Internal Corrosion of Oil and Gas Pipelines—A Review[J]. Corrossion Science,2007,49(12):4 308-4 338.
[7] KIM S J,JUNG H G,KIM K Y. Effect of Tensile Stress in Elastic and Plastic Range on Hydrogen Permeation of HighStrength Steel in Sour Environment[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2012,78(9):139-146.
[8]王峰,王立贤,刘智勇,等. TP110TS油管钢在酸性气田环境中的应力腐蚀行为研究[J].表面技术,2015(3):57-62.
[9]吴明,孟向楠,陈旭,等. CO2腐蚀产物膜对金属腐蚀行为的影响的研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2016,34(4):681-684.
[10]任呈强,刘道新,白真权,等. N80油管钢腐蚀产物膜的力学性能研究[J].材料工程,2004(8):17-20.
[11] XU L Y,CHENG Y F. An Experimental Investigation of Corrosion of X100 Pipeline Steel under Uniaxial Elastic Stress in a Near-Neutral p H Solution[J]. Corrosion Science,2012,59(3):103-109.
[12]李党国,冯耀荣,白真权,等. N80油套管钢应力状态下的CO2腐蚀行为研究[J].化学学报,2007,65(17):1 807-1 813.
[13] ZHU R K,LUO J L.Investigation of Stress-Enhanced Surface Reactivity on Alloy 800 Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy[J]. Electrochemistry Communications,2010,12(12):1 752-1 755.
[14] ASTM G39-1999(R2016),Standard Practice for Preparation and Use of Bent-Beam Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens[S].
[15] DAVIES D H,BURSTEIN G T. The Effects of Bicarbonate on the Corrosion and Passivation of Iron[J]. Corrosion,1980,36(8):416-422.
[16] HAUSLER R H,STEGMANN D W. CO2Corrosion and its Prevention by Chemical Inhibition in Oil and Gas Production:National Association of Corrosion Engineers Meeting[C]. St Louis:National Association of Corrosion Engineers Publisher,1988:363
[17]庄朋强,肖占文,朱向东,等.钽阳极氧化膜的半导体性研究[J].电子元件与材料,2011,30(8):35-39.
[18] FATTAH-ALHOSSEINI A. Passivity of AISI 321 Stainless Steel in 0. 5M H2SO4Solution Studied by Mott-Schottky Analysis in Conjunction with the Point Defect Model[J].Arabian Journal of Chemistry,2016,9(7):S1342-S1348.
[19]王万国. P110钢在CO2/H2S环境中腐蚀产物的半导体性能研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015:19.
[20]蔡文婷,赵国仙,赵大伟,等.超级13Cr不锈钢的钝化膜耐蚀性与半导体特性[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(10):1 226-1 230.
[21] FATTAH-ALHOSSEINI A,SOLTANI F,SHIRSALIMI F,et al. The Semiconducting Properties of Passive Films Formed on AISI 316L and AISI 321 Stainless Steels:A Test of the Point Defect Model(PDM)[J]. Corrosion Science,2011,53(10):3 186-3 192.