江淮丘陵塘坝灌区作物种植结构优化调整模型
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摘要
鉴于江淮丘陵塘坝灌区作物种植结构优化调整问题的复杂性与重要性,依托肥东八斗灌溉试验站试验成果,通过塘坝灌区降雨径流模拟,进行农田灌溉水量平衡分析,构建了塘坝灌区多目标多变量作物种植结构优化调整模型,并运用加速遗传算法进行模型求解,优化确定了研究区现状9.32万m~3/km~2塘坝容量下合理的作物种植比例,具体为:就午季作物水稻而言,降雨频率为P≥90%时,适宜种植比例为0.11;降雨频率为75%≤P<90%时,适宜种植比例为0.21;降雨频率为50%≤P<75%时,适宜种植比例为0.36;降雨频率为20%≤P<50%时,适宜种植比例为0.54;降雨频率为P<20%时,适宜种植比例为0.65。研究成果可为江淮丘陵塘坝灌区种植结构调整与灌溉制度的制定提供科技支撑,具有重要的实际指导意义和推广应用价值。
In view of the complexity and importance of the optimization of the crop-planting structure adjustment in the pond-irrigation area of Jianghuai Hilly Region,an analysis on farmland irrigation water balance is carried out through the rainfall-runoff simulation of the pond-irrigation area in accordance with the experiment result from Feidong Badou Irrigation Experiment Station,and then a multi-objective and multi-variable model for the optimized adjustment of crop-planting structure in the pond-irrigation area is established; from which the reasonable crop-planting proportion under the status of the study area with the pond capacity of 9. 32 × 10~4 m~3/km~2 is optimized,specifically speaking,the suitable planting proportion is 0. 11,when rainfall frequency is P≥90%; the suitable planting proportion is 0. 21,when rainfall frequency is 75% ≤P < 90%; the suitable planting proportion is0. 36,when rainfall frequency is 50% ≤P < 75%; the suitable planting proportion is 0. 54,when rainfall frequency is 20% ≤P< 50% and the suitable planting proportion is 0. 65,when rainfall frequency is P < 20% for the summer crop—rice. The study result can provide scientific support for adjusting the corp-planting structure and making the irrigation system for the pond-irrigation area of Jianghuai Hilly Region,thus has an important practical guiding significance with certain popularization and application value.
In view of the complexity and importance of the optimization of the crop-planting structure adjustment in the pond-irrigation area of Jianghuai Hilly Region,an analysis on farmland irrigation water balance is carried out through the rainfall-runoff simulation of the pond-irrigation area in accordance with the experiment result from Feidong Badou Irrigation Experiment Station,and then a multi-objective and multi-variable model for the optimized adjustment of crop-planting structure in the pond-irrigation area is established; from which the reasonable crop-planting proportion under the status of the study area with the pond capacity of 9. 32 × 10~4 m~3/km~2 is optimized,specifically speaking,the suitable planting proportion is 0. 11,when rainfall frequency is P≥90%; the suitable planting proportion is 0. 21,when rainfall frequency is 75% ≤P < 90%; the suitable planting proportion is0. 36,when rainfall frequency is 50% ≤P < 75%; the suitable planting proportion is 0. 54,when rainfall frequency is 20% ≤P< 50% and the suitable planting proportion is 0. 65,when rainfall frequency is P < 20% for the summer crop—rice. The study result can provide scientific support for adjusting the corp-planting structure and making the irrigation system for the pond-irrigation area of Jianghuai Hilly Region,thus has an important practical guiding significance with certain popularization and application value.
引文
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[21]龚元石.Penman-Monteith公式与FAO-PPP-Penman修正式计算参考作物蒸散量的比较[J].北京农业大学学报,1995,21(1):68-75.
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[23]ALLEN R G.FAO Irrigation and drainage paper[J].Irrigation&drainage,1998,300:64-65.
[24]金菊良,原晨阳,蒋尚明,等.基于水量供需平衡分析的江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力评价[J].水利学报,2013,44(5):534-541.
[25]金菊良,杨晓华,丁晶.标准遗传算法的改进方案:加速遗传算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,21(4):8-12.
[2]王友贞,叶乃杰.江淮丘陵易旱地区适宜水旱种植比的研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(4):159-161.
[3]周惠成,彭慧,张弛,等.基于水资源合理利用的多目标农作物种植结构调整与评价[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(9):45-49.
[4]LU H,WU Y,LI Y,et al.Effects of meteorological droughts on agricultural water resources in southern China[J].Journal of hydrology,2017,548(3):419-435.
[5]刘海启.欧盟MARS计划简介与我国农业遥感应用思路[J].中国农业资源与区划,1999,20(3):55-57.
[6]PRADHAN S.Crop area estimation using GIS,remote sensing and area frame sampling[J].Internatinal journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation,2001,3(1):86-92.
[7]闫峰,李茂松,王艳姣,等.遥感技术在农业灾害监测中的应用[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(6):131-136.
[8]黄青,唐华俊,周清波,等.东北地区主要作物种植结构遥感提取及长势监测[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(9):218-223.
[9]杨光立,李林,刘海军,等.调整种植业结构,建立粮、经、饲三元种植结构技术体系[J].作物研究,2000(2):22-25.
[10]于凤存,蒋尚明,金菊良,等.江淮丘陵区干旱成因与减灾措施分析[J].人民长江,2016,47(7):1-5.
[11]王庆,蒋尚明,金菊良,等.塘坝工程在江淮丘陵区旱灾防治中的作用[J].上海国土资源,2012,33(1):71-74,90.
[12]原晨阳.江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力评价[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2013.
[13]袁先江.塘坝综合整治与运行管理的认识与思考[J].江淮水利科技,2013(5):23-25.
[14]李宝询,孟高庆.农村小型塘坝荒废现象不容忽视[J].中国水利,1995(9):40-40.
[15]刘家福,蒋卫国,占文凤,等.SCS模型及其研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(2):120-124.
[16]周翠宁,任树梅,闫美俊.曲线数值法(SCS模型)在北京温榆河流域降雨—径流关系中的应用研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(3):87-90.
[17]彭定志,游进军.改进的SCS模型在流域径流模拟中的应用[J].水资源与水工程学报,2006,17(1):20-24.
[18]洪林,罗琳,江海涛.SCS模型在流域尺度水文模拟中的应用[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2009,42(5):582-586.
[19]MISHRA S K,SINGH V P,SANSALONE J J,et al.A modified SCS-CN method:characterization and testing[J].Water resources management,2003,17(1):37-68.
[20]蒋尚明,金菊良,许浒,等.基于径流曲线数模型的江淮丘陵区塘坝复蓄次数计算模型[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(18):117-124.
[21]龚元石.Penman-Monteith公式与FAO-PPP-Penman修正式计算参考作物蒸散量的比较[J].北京农业大学学报,1995,21(1):68-75.
[22]PEREIRA A,GREEN S,NOVA N A.Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration adapted to estimate irrigated tree transpiration[J].Agricultural water management,2006,83(1):153-161.
[23]ALLEN R G.FAO Irrigation and drainage paper[J].Irrigation&drainage,1998,300:64-65.
[24]金菊良,原晨阳,蒋尚明,等.基于水量供需平衡分析的江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力评价[J].水利学报,2013,44(5):534-541.
[25]金菊良,杨晓华,丁晶.标准遗传算法的改进方案:加速遗传算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,21(4):8-12.