不同种源/家系山鸡椒苗期生长性状遗传变异
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摘要
为筛选苗期表现优良的山鸡椒[Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers.]种源/家系,对其13个种源55个家系的苗高(h)、地径(bd)性状进行遗传变异分析。结果表明,山鸡椒1年生苗木生长期可分为生长初期、速生期和完全木质化期,苗高、地径生长不同步。山鸡椒不同种源、家系间的苗高、地径生长量均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。利用综合选择指数法建立综合选择式为I=0.007Xh+0.74Xbd,建阳2号、富阳1号、遂昌8号、遂昌13号和岳西1号等5个家系优良度为I级,入选率为9.1%。浙江富阳和福建建阳2个种源的苗高、胸径期望遗传增益值最高;建阳2号、遂昌8号、富阳1号、遂昌13号、岳西1号、建阳3号、岳西6号等7个家系的苗高、胸径期望遗传增益最高。因此,依据生长性状综合选择和遗传增益表现,选择出建阳2号、富阳1号、遂昌8号,遂昌13号,岳西1号5个家系以及浙江富阳和福建建阳2个种源为优良家系/种源。
In order to select the superior provenances/families of Litsea cubeba at seedling stage, the genetic variations of seedling height(h) and base diameter(bd) of 13 provenances and 55 families were studied. The results showed that the growth period of 1-year-old seedings of L. cubeba could be divided into three stages, including initial growing stage, fast growing stage and full lignification stage. The growth peak of base diameter was earlier than that of seedling height. The increment of seedling height and ground diameter were different significantly among 13 provenances and 55 families(P < 0.01). Through comprehensive selection index method, the comprehensive selection formula was established as I = 0.007 Xh+ 0.74 Xbd. The five families, including Jianyang 2, Fuyang1, Suichuan 8, Suichuan 13 and Anhui 1, were selected as level I with a selection rate of 9.1%. The expected genetic gains of seedling height and ground diameter of Zhejiang Fuyang and Fujian Jitneying provenances were the highest. Meanwhile, those of seven families, including Jianyang 2, Suichuan 8, Fuyang 1, Suichuan 13, Anhui 1, Jianyang 3, Anhui 6 were the highest. Therefore, based on multi-trait comprehensive selection and genetic gain values, the five families(Jianyang 2, Fuyang1, Suichuan 8, Suichuan 13 and Anhui 1) and two provenances(Zhejiang Fuyang and Fujian Jianyang) were evaluated as superior provenances/families.
In order to select the superior provenances/families of Litsea cubeba at seedling stage, the genetic variations of seedling height(h) and base diameter(bd) of 13 provenances and 55 families were studied. The results showed that the growth period of 1-year-old seedings of L. cubeba could be divided into three stages, including initial growing stage, fast growing stage and full lignification stage. The growth peak of base diameter was earlier than that of seedling height. The increment of seedling height and ground diameter were different significantly among 13 provenances and 55 families(P < 0.01). Through comprehensive selection index method, the comprehensive selection formula was established as I = 0.007 Xh+ 0.74 Xbd. The five families, including Jianyang 2, Fuyang1, Suichuan 8, Suichuan 13 and Anhui 1, were selected as level I with a selection rate of 9.1%. The expected genetic gains of seedling height and ground diameter of Zhejiang Fuyang and Fujian Jitneying provenances were the highest. Meanwhile, those of seven families, including Jianyang 2, Suichuan 8, Fuyang 1, Suichuan 13, Anhui 1, Jianyang 3, Anhui 6 were the highest. Therefore, based on multi-trait comprehensive selection and genetic gain values, the five families(Jianyang 2, Fuyang1, Suichuan 8, Suichuan 13 and Anhui 1) and two provenances(Zhejiang Fuyang and Fujian Jianyang) were evaluated as superior provenances/families.
引文
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[2]SEO S M,KIM J,LEE S G,et al.Fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from ajowan(Trachyspermum ammi),allspice(Pimenta dioica),caraway(Carum carvi),dill(Anethum graveolens),geranium(Pelargonium graveolens),and litsea(Litsea cubeba)oils against Japanese termite(Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe)[J].J Agric Food Chem,2009,57(15):6596–6602.doi:10.1021/jf 9015416.
[3]YANG Y,JIANG J Z,QIMEI L,et al.The fungicidal terpenoids and essential oil from Litsea cubeba in Tibet[J].Molecules,2010,15(10):7075–7082.doi:10.3390/molecules15107075.
[4]ZHANG W,HU J F,LV W W,et al.Antibacterial,antifungal and cytotoxic isoquinoline alkaloids from Litsea cubeba[J].Molecules,2012,17(11):12950–12960.doi:10.3390/molecules171112950.
[5]ZHANG Q Y,XU C,BA D W,et al.Study on the transesterification reaction of biodiesel with Litsea cubeba kernel oil[J].Guangzhou Chem Ind,2010,38(9):82–84.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9677.2010.09.034.张秋云,徐春,坝德伟,等.山苍子核仁油酯交换制备生物柴油的研究[J].广州化工,2010,38(9):82–84.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9677.2010.09.034.
[6]WANG X,YANG G F.Current status and countermeasures of development and utilization in Litsea cubeba in China[J].Nonwood For Res,2010,28(3):136–139.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-8981.2010.03.028.王旭,杨关锋.我国山苍子开发利用的现状与发展对策[J].经济林研究,2010,28(3):136–139.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-8981.2010.03.028.
[7]CHEN Y C,WANG Y D,HAN X J,et al.Biology and chemistry of Litsea cubeba,a promising industrial tree in China[J].J Essent Oil Res,2013,25(2):103–111.doi:10.1080/10412905.2012.751559.
[8]Zhiyan Consulting Group.Analysis of import and export data statistics and prospect of foreign trade outlook of Litsea cubeba oils industry of China in 2016-2022(33012950)[EB/OL].http://www.chyxx.com/data/201604/409543.html.智研咨询集团.2016-2022年中国山苍子油行业进出口态势分析及对外贸易前景展望报告(33012950)[EB/OL].http://www.chyxx.com/data/201604/409543.html.
[9]CHEN X H.Commented on utilization status and industrialization prospects of natural resources from Litsea cubeba in China[J].Sci Silv Sin,2003,39(4):134–139.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2003.04.022.陈学恒.我国山苍子资源利用现状和产业化前景评述[J].林业科学,2003,39(4):134–139.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2003.04.022.
[10]CHEN W J,YOU C B,HU J J.Growth status and nursery soft characteristics of artificial raising seedlings in Litsea cubeba[J].Nonwood For Res,2012,30(4):155–158.doi:10.14067/j.cnki.1003-8981.2012.04.010.陈卫军,尤春波,胡俊靖.山苍子人工育苗苗木生长及圃地土壤特征研究[J].经济林研究,2012,30(4):155–158.doi:10.14067/j.cnki.1003-8981.2012.04.010.
[11]SI L L,CHEN Y C,HAN X J,et al.Chemical composition of essential oils of Litsea cubeba harvested from its distribution areas in China[J].Molecules,2012,17(6):7057–7066.doi:10.3390/molecules17067057.
[12]GAO M,CHEN Y C,WANG Y D.Evaluation of the yields and chemical compositions of the essential oils of different Litsea cubebavarieties[J].J Essent Oil Bear Plant,2016,19(8):1888–1902.doi:10.1080/0972060X.2016.1252695.
[13]LIU Y G,WU Q K,HE G S,et al.Cloning and SNP analysis of1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerases gene(DXR)in Litsea cubeba[J].For Res,2015,28(1):93–100.doi:10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2015.01.015.刘英冠,吴庆珂,何关顺,等.山鸡椒1-脱氧木酮糖-5-磷酸还原异构酶DXR基因的克隆和SNP分析[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(1):93–100.doi:10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2015.01.015.
[14]LIN B,ZHANG H,ZHAO X X,et al.Inhibitory effects of the root extract of Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers.on adjuvant arthritis in rats[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2013,147(2):327–334.doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.011.
[15]CUI Y Z,LIAO S X,CUI K,et al.Study on the growth of one-year-old Litsea cubeba seedlings in mountainous area of Guizhou Province[J].For Res,2013,26(4):501–505.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2013.04.017.崔永忠,廖声熙,崔凯,等.贵州山区山苍子苗年生长规律[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(4):501–505.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2013.04.017.
[16]SHEN X H.Breeding of Forest Tree[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press,1990.沈熙环.林木育种学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.
[17]SONG L,QI D X,MA J W,et al.Genetic variation and integrated selection of Picea balfouriana families at seedling stage[J].J NE For Univ,2014,42(7):20–23.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2014.07.005.宋璐,齐德新,马建伟,等.川西云杉家系苗期性状遗传通径分析及综合选择[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(7):20–23.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2014.07.005.
[18]LEI L,PAN X Q,ZHANG L,et al.Genetic variation and comprehensive selection of turpentine composition in high-yielding slash pine(Pinus elliottii)[J].For Res,2015,28(6):804–809.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2015.06.007.雷蕾,潘显强,张露,等.高产脂湿地松松节油成分的遗传变异及综合选择[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(6):804–809.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2015.06.007.
[19]WU Y,MAO C L.Simple introduction to heritability,repeatability and genetic gain in percent in tree breeding[J].Trop Agric Sci Technol,2012,35(1):47–50.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-450X.2012.01.015.吴裕,毛常丽.树木育种学中遗传力、重复力和遗传增益的概念及思考[J].热带农业科技,2012,35(1):47–50.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-450X.2012.01.015.
[20]PANG H,WU C X,ZHANG Y,et al.A study on methods of calculating economic weights in the selection index[J].Hereditas(Beijing),1989,11(1):13–16.doi:10.16288/j.yczz.1989.01.006.庞航,吴常信,张源,等.选择指数中计算经济加权值方法的研究[J].遗传,1989,11(1):13–16.doi:10.16288/j.yczz.1989.01.006.
[21]WANG M X.Tree Genetics and Breeding[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press,2001:1–422.王明庥.林木遗传育种学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001:1–422.
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