基于工具变量法分析科研人员素养对科研创新产出纯技术效率的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究科研人员科研素养对其科研创新的投入产出纯技术效率的影响,找出提升科研产出的途径。【方法】利用新疆农业科学院的178名科研人员作为样本,使用工具变量,结合两阶段最小二乘法与DEA-tobit模型对科研人员科研素养对创新投入产出纯技术效率的影响机理和路径研究并验证。【结果】科研素养,以及其包含科研修养、个人能力和科研基础都显著的影响科研创新投入产出的纯技术效率。当加入年龄、科研平台、第一学历等控制变量之后,科研修养的影响发生了不合常理的变化;当使用两阶段最小二乘法处理科研修养之后,发现个人能力、科研基础直接正向影响科研纯技术效率。【结论】研人员的科研素养中,科研基础、个人能力是直接影响,科研修养是间接影响,即科研素养对科研人员的纯技术效率影响是一个多路径的影响机制。
【Objective】 By using 178 scientific researchers of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences as a sample, this project aims to study the influence of scientific research literacy on the pure technical efficiency of scientific research innovation input and output in the hope of find out the way to improve the scientific research output under the condition of limited scientific research resources. 【Method】In the process of research, the mechanism and path of the influence of scientific research literacy on the pure technical efficiency of innovation input and output were studied and verified by using instrumental variables, combined with two-stage least square method and DEA-tobit model. 【Results】First of all, scientific research literacy,, including scientific research accomplishment, personal ability and scientific research foundation, has a significant impact on the pure technical efficiency of scientific research innovation input and output. Secondly, when controlling variables such as age, scientific research platform and first degree were added, the influence of scientific research accomplishment changed irrationally. Thirdly, when the two-stage least squares method was used to deal with scientific accomplishment, personal ability and scientific research foundation directly affected the pure technical efficiency of scientific research, while scientific research accomplishment was needed to improve efficiency through scientific research platform, age and first education background. 【Conclusion】The above results showed that to improve the efficiency of scientific research output, raise scientific research literacy, and how to utilize the scientific research quality of existing research personnel become equally important issues.
【Objective】 By using 178 scientific researchers of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences as a sample, this project aims to study the influence of scientific research literacy on the pure technical efficiency of scientific research innovation input and output in the hope of find out the way to improve the scientific research output under the condition of limited scientific research resources. 【Method】In the process of research, the mechanism and path of the influence of scientific research literacy on the pure technical efficiency of innovation input and output were studied and verified by using instrumental variables, combined with two-stage least square method and DEA-tobit model. 【Results】First of all, scientific research literacy,, including scientific research accomplishment, personal ability and scientific research foundation, has a significant impact on the pure technical efficiency of scientific research innovation input and output. Secondly, when controlling variables such as age, scientific research platform and first degree were added, the influence of scientific research accomplishment changed irrationally. Thirdly, when the two-stage least squares method was used to deal with scientific accomplishment, personal ability and scientific research foundation directly affected the pure technical efficiency of scientific research, while scientific research accomplishment was needed to improve efficiency through scientific research platform, age and first education background. 【Conclusion】The above results showed that to improve the efficiency of scientific research output, raise scientific research literacy, and how to utilize the scientific research quality of existing research personnel become equally important issues.
引文
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[5]杨正亚,崔杰,李前兵.江苏高校研发经费与科研成果产出的关联度测算,[J].价值工程,2015(2).YANG Zheng-ya,CUI Jie,LI Qian-bing.(2015).Correlation Estimation of Research Funding and Research Output of Jiangsu Universities [J].Value Engineering,2015,34(35):49-51.(in Chinese)
[6]梁文艳,袁玉芝,胡咏梅.研究型大学自然科学学科科研生产效率测算及影响因素分析--基于DEA-Tobit两阶段模型.[J].国家教育行政学院学报2014(10).LIANG Wen-yan,YUAN Yu-zhi,HU Yong-mei.Measuring and analysis of factors affecting research product efficiency of Chinese research universities in nature science disciplines -based on DEA-Tobit model [J].Journal of National Academy of Education Administration,2014,(10):71-76.(in Chinese)
[7]戴万亮,冯智雨.省域高校科研效率评价及影响因素研究--基于DEA-Tobit模型.[J].科技和产业.2017,(8).123-126,161.DAI Wan-liang,FENG Zhi-yu.Reaserch on efficiency evaluation of provincial university research and its influencing factors --based on a DEA-Tobit Model [J].Science Technology and Industry,2017,17(8):123-126,161.(in Chinese)
[8]吴明隆.结构方程模型--AMOS的操作与应用.[M].重庆大学出版社.2014WU Ming-long.Structural Equation Model -- The operation and application of AMOS [M].Chongqing University Press.2014.(in Chinese)
[9]吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务--SPSS操作与应用.[M].重庆大学出版社.2010WU Ming-long.Questionnaire statistical analysis practice--SPSS operation and application [M].Chongqing University Press.2010.(in Chinese)
[10]赵勇智,罗尔呷,李建平.农业综合开发投资对农民收入的影响分析--基于中国省级面板数据.[J].中国农村经济.2019,(5)ZHAO Yong-zhi,LUO Er-ga,LI Jian-ping.( 2019).The Impacts of the Investment in the Integrated Agricultural Development Projects on Rural Household Income:An Analysis Based on China'sProvincial Panel Data [J].Chinese Rural Economy.(5)(in Chinese)
[11]柳卸林,王亚娟,左铠瑞.博士研究生科研产出影响因素研究.[J].科技进步与对策.2013(11).LIU Xie-lin,WANG Ya-juan,ZUO Kai-rui.(2013).Analysis on Factor Influencing the Scientific Research Output of PhD Students.[J].Science & Technology Progress and Policy.30(21):144-149.(in Chinese)
[12]任红松,陈宝峰,肖丽,等.基于结构方程模型分析科研主体素养对科研创新绩效的影响机制[J].新疆农业科学.2019,56(4):771-784.REN Hong-song,CHEN Bao-feng, Xiao Li,et al.(2019).Research on the Influence Mechanism of Scientific Research Literacy of Scientific Research Personnels on Scientific Research Innovation Performance based on Structural Equation Model[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,56(4):771-784.
[2]占梅英.本科生科研素养培养的探索--对 Z 校"三级论文"科研训练计划的个案研究[D].华东师范大学,2008.ZHAN Mei-ying.Exploration on the cultivation of Scientific Research Literacy of undergraduates-- A case study of the "level 3 thesis" scientific research training program of school Z [D].Shanghai.East China Normal University,2008.(in Chinese)
[3]陈运飞.基于加涅学习结果分类理论的MCAI研究-七年级数学习题辅导软件之设计研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2008.CHEN Yun-fei.MCAI research based on Gagne learning result classification theory - Research on the design of math problem - solving software for seventh grade students [D].Xi'an.Shaanxi Normal University,2008.(in Chinese)
[4]任红松,陈宝峰,赵龙,等.基于DEA-TOBIT模型的科研主体分析科研创新投入产出效率[J].新疆农业科学.2018,55(12):2 331-2 342REN Hong-song,CHEN Bao-feng,ZHAO Long i,et al .Research on the Impact of Scientific Research Personnel's Scientific Literacy on the Input-Output Efficiency of Scientific Research Innovation[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2018,55(12):2,331-2,342
[5]杨正亚,崔杰,李前兵.江苏高校研发经费与科研成果产出的关联度测算,[J].价值工程,2015(2).YANG Zheng-ya,CUI Jie,LI Qian-bing.(2015).Correlation Estimation of Research Funding and Research Output of Jiangsu Universities [J].Value Engineering,2015,34(35):49-51.(in Chinese)
[6]梁文艳,袁玉芝,胡咏梅.研究型大学自然科学学科科研生产效率测算及影响因素分析--基于DEA-Tobit两阶段模型.[J].国家教育行政学院学报2014(10).LIANG Wen-yan,YUAN Yu-zhi,HU Yong-mei.Measuring and analysis of factors affecting research product efficiency of Chinese research universities in nature science disciplines -based on DEA-Tobit model [J].Journal of National Academy of Education Administration,2014,(10):71-76.(in Chinese)
[7]戴万亮,冯智雨.省域高校科研效率评价及影响因素研究--基于DEA-Tobit模型.[J].科技和产业.2017,(8).123-126,161.DAI Wan-liang,FENG Zhi-yu.Reaserch on efficiency evaluation of provincial university research and its influencing factors --based on a DEA-Tobit Model [J].Science Technology and Industry,2017,17(8):123-126,161.(in Chinese)
[8]吴明隆.结构方程模型--AMOS的操作与应用.[M].重庆大学出版社.2014WU Ming-long.Structural Equation Model -- The operation and application of AMOS [M].Chongqing University Press.2014.(in Chinese)
[9]吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务--SPSS操作与应用.[M].重庆大学出版社.2010WU Ming-long.Questionnaire statistical analysis practice--SPSS operation and application [M].Chongqing University Press.2010.(in Chinese)
[10]赵勇智,罗尔呷,李建平.农业综合开发投资对农民收入的影响分析--基于中国省级面板数据.[J].中国农村经济.2019,(5)ZHAO Yong-zhi,LUO Er-ga,LI Jian-ping.( 2019).The Impacts of the Investment in the Integrated Agricultural Development Projects on Rural Household Income:An Analysis Based on China'sProvincial Panel Data [J].Chinese Rural Economy.(5)(in Chinese)
[11]柳卸林,王亚娟,左铠瑞.博士研究生科研产出影响因素研究.[J].科技进步与对策.2013(11).LIU Xie-lin,WANG Ya-juan,ZUO Kai-rui.(2013).Analysis on Factor Influencing the Scientific Research Output of PhD Students.[J].Science & Technology Progress and Policy.30(21):144-149.(in Chinese)
[12]任红松,陈宝峰,肖丽,等.基于结构方程模型分析科研主体素养对科研创新绩效的影响机制[J].新疆农业科学.2019,56(4):771-784.REN Hong-song,CHEN Bao-feng, Xiao Li,et al.(2019).Research on the Influence Mechanism of Scientific Research Literacy of Scientific Research Personnels on Scientific Research Innovation Performance based on Structural Equation Model[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,56(4):771-784.
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