负极性直流电压作用下SF_6气体中极不均匀电场局部放电特性研究
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摘要
随着特高压直流输电技术(HVDC)的发展,以SF_6作为主要绝缘介质的直流气体绝缘输电线路(GIL)受到越来越多的关注和研究。直流GIL中金属尖端缺陷会造成局部电场集中,引发局部放电,因此研究直流电压作用下SF_6气体中极不均匀电场局部放电特性可为直流GIL的建设提供试验依据,具有重要意义。通过搭建负直流高压局放试验平台,研究了SF_6气体中气压、电场不均匀系数对起始放电电压(PDIV)的影响,并分析流注发展过程的放电特性。结果表明:随着气压的上升,PDIV增加,尖端曲率半径较小时,SF_6气体对气压敏感程度随气压上升而增加,尖端曲率半径较大时SF_6气体对气压敏感程度随气压增加而减小;随着电场不均匀系数的增加,PDIV减小,低气压下,SF_6气体对电场不均匀程度敏感性较大,且随电场不均匀系数增加而降低,高气压下,SF_6气体对电场不均匀程度敏感性较小,且随电场不均匀程度增加,敏感程度降低;放电过程可分为放电起始、流注发展和间歇击穿3个阶段。
With the development of HVDC technology, the DC gas insulated transmission line(GIL) with insulated SF_6 is increasingly focused on. The metal tip defect in GIL will result in partial electric field concentration and lead to partial discharge(PD). Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the PD characteristics of metal tip defects to provide an examination basis for the development of DC GIL. Based on the half-wave rectification principle, we set up a DC high voltage test platform and discussed the influences of SF_6 pressure and coefficient of electric field inhomogeneity on the PD characteristics, and then studied the characteristics of PD development process. The results show that increasing SF_6 pressure can increase the partial discharge initial voltage(PDIV), and the sensitivity of SF_6 to gas pressure increases with the increase of SF_6 pressure with small tip radius, and on the contrary, the sensitivity of SF_6 to gas pressure decreases with the increase of SF_6 pressure with relatively larger tip radius. Besides, increasing tip radius can decrease PDIV, SF_6 is more sensitive to electric field inhomogeneity in low pressures and less sensitive to electric field inhomogeneity in high pressures, and the sensitivity decreases as the electric field inhomogeneity increases whatever in high or low SF_6 pressures.The PD development process can be divided into 3 stages, including PD initiation stage, circulation development stage,and intermittent breakdown stage.
With the development of HVDC technology, the DC gas insulated transmission line(GIL) with insulated SF_6 is increasingly focused on. The metal tip defect in GIL will result in partial electric field concentration and lead to partial discharge(PD). Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the PD characteristics of metal tip defects to provide an examination basis for the development of DC GIL. Based on the half-wave rectification principle, we set up a DC high voltage test platform and discussed the influences of SF_6 pressure and coefficient of electric field inhomogeneity on the PD characteristics, and then studied the characteristics of PD development process. The results show that increasing SF_6 pressure can increase the partial discharge initial voltage(PDIV), and the sensitivity of SF_6 to gas pressure increases with the increase of SF_6 pressure with small tip radius, and on the contrary, the sensitivity of SF_6 to gas pressure decreases with the increase of SF_6 pressure with relatively larger tip radius. Besides, increasing tip radius can decrease PDIV, SF_6 is more sensitive to electric field inhomogeneity in low pressures and less sensitive to electric field inhomogeneity in high pressures, and the sensitivity decreases as the electric field inhomogeneity increases whatever in high or low SF_6 pressures.The PD development process can be divided into 3 stages, including PD initiation stage, circulation development stage,and intermittent breakdown stage.
引文
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[13]唐炬,刘永刚,裘吟君,等.针-板电极局部放电光测法信号一次积分值与放电量的关系[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):1-8.TANG Ju,LIU Yonggang,QIU Yinjun,et al.Relationship between first integral value of signals of the optical method and charge quantity of partial discharge from needle-plate electrode[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(1):1-8.
[14]高压试验技术,第1部分:一般要义及试验要求:GBT16927.1-2011[S],2011.High-voltage test techniques-part 1:general definitions and test requirements:GBT 16927.1-2011[S],2011.
[15]司文荣,李军浩,袁鹏,等.直流下油中局部放电脉冲波形测量与特性分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2008,42(4):481-486.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,YUAN Peng,et al.Measurement and analysis for pulse current shapes of partial discharge in oil under DC voltage[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2008,42(4):481-486.
[16]Standard test method for dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of solid electrical insulation materials under direct-voltage stress:ASTM-3755-14[S],2014.
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[19]司文荣,李军浩,郭弘,等.直流下局部放电重复率的数学物理模型[J].电工电能新技术,2008,27(4):27-31.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,GUO Hong,et al.Repetition rate mathematical physical model of partial discharge under DC voltage[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2008,27(4):27-31.
[2]马径坦,赵军平,李金忠,等.SF6电气设备中微水对固体绝缘材料闪络电压的影响[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):1822-1827.MA Jingtan,ZHAO Junping,LI Jinzhong,et al.Influence of moisture on flashover voltage of solid insulating materials in SF6 electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(6):1822-1827.
[3]SCHOEFFNER G,GRAF R.Suitability of N2-SF6 gas mixtures for the application at gas insulated transmission lines GIL[C]∥IEEE Bologna Power Tech Conference.Bologna,Italy:IEEE,2003:6-11.
[4]孙曙光,陆俭国,俞慧忠,等.基于超高频法的典型G1S局部放电检测[J].高压电器,2012,48(4):7-12.SUN Shuguang,LU Jianguo,YU Huizhong,et al.Detection of typical GIS partial discharge based on UHF method[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(4):7-12.
[5]李军浩,韩旭涛,刘泽辉,等.电气设备局部放电检测技术述评[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2583-2601.LI Junhao,HAN Xutao,LIU Zehui,et al.Review on partial discharge measurement technology of electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2583-2601.
[6]OHTSUKA S,KOUMURA M,EGUCHI K,et al.PD time-sequential properties of SF6 and SF6 gas mixture including CO2[J].Electrical Engineering in Japan,2010,151(3):32-40.
[7]PIRKER A,SCHICHLER U.Partial discharges at DC voltage-measurement and pattern recognition[C]∥International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis.Xi’an,China:IEEE,2016.
[8]PICCIN R,MOR A R,MORSHUIS P,et al.Partial discharge analysis and monitoring in HVDC gas insulated substations[C]∥Electrical Insulation Conference.Pennsylvania,USA:IEEE,2014:488-492.
[9]牛海清,陈小林,A.Cavallini,等.高压直流局部放电的试验研究及其放电源识别策略[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1641-1647.NIU Haiqing,CHEN Xiaolin,CAVALLINI A,et al.Experimental research on partial discharge at HVDC voltage and identification of PDsource[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1641-1647.
[10]VAN BRUNT R J.Stochastic properties of partial-discharge phenomena[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1991,26(5):902-948.
[11]何寿杰,张钊,李庆,等.针板负直流电晕放电中的脉冲等离子体特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):870-875.HE Shoujie,ZHANG Zhao,LI Qing,et al.Characteristics of pulsing plasma in needle-plane corona discharge driven by negative direct power source[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(3):870-875.
[12]刘民,唐炬,潘成.空气中针板直流正负电晕发展过程实验研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1018-1027.LIU Min,TANG Ju,PAN Cheng,Development processes of positive and negative DC corona under needle-plate electrode in the air[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1018-1027.
[13]唐炬,刘永刚,裘吟君,等.针-板电极局部放电光测法信号一次积分值与放电量的关系[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):1-8.TANG Ju,LIU Yonggang,QIU Yinjun,et al.Relationship between first integral value of signals of the optical method and charge quantity of partial discharge from needle-plate electrode[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(1):1-8.
[14]高压试验技术,第1部分:一般要义及试验要求:GBT16927.1-2011[S],2011.High-voltage test techniques-part 1:general definitions and test requirements:GBT 16927.1-2011[S],2011.
[15]司文荣,李军浩,袁鹏,等.直流下油中局部放电脉冲波形测量与特性分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2008,42(4):481-486.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,YUAN Peng,et al.Measurement and analysis for pulse current shapes of partial discharge in oil under DC voltage[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2008,42(4):481-486.
[16]Standard test method for dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of solid electrical insulation materials under direct-voltage stress:ASTM-3755-14[S],2014.
[17]Standard test method for detection and measurement of partial discharge(corona)pulses in evaluation of insulation systems:ASTM-D1868-13[S],2013.
[18]李军浩,司文荣,姚秀,等.油/纸绝缘沿面局部放电特性研究[J].西安交通大学学报,2009,43(6):108-112.LI Junhao,SI Wenrong,YAO Xiu,et al.Partial discharge characteristics over oil/paper interface[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2009,43(6):108-112.
[19]司文荣,李军浩,郭弘,等.直流下局部放电重复率的数学物理模型[J].电工电能新技术,2008,27(4):27-31.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,GUO Hong,et al.Repetition rate mathematical physical model of partial discharge under DC voltage[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2008,27(4):27-31.