藏区金腰种质资源调查与分析
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摘要
金腰属植物因富含黄酮醇类化合物而具有显著的药效,通过对我国西藏、云南、四川、青海以及甘肃5个省(自治区)进行金腰属植物种质资源的科学考察,共收集到19种(含2变种)145份野生种质资源。此外四川省发现金腰新分布2种,分别为秦岭金腰(Chrysosplenium biondianum Engl.)、陕甘金腰(Chrysosplenium qinlingense Z.P.Jien&J.T.Pan),均为中国特有种;甘肃省发现金腰新分布3种,分别为毛金腰(Chrysosplenium pilosum Maxim.)、绵毛金腰(Chrysosplenium lanuginosum Hook.f.&Thomson)和蜕叶金腰(Chrysosplenium henryi Franch.),凭证标本存于中南民族大学植物标本馆(HSN)。金腰属植物作为传统藏药长期以来被用于治疗各种疾病,如长梗金腰(Chrysosplenium axillare Maxim.)的75%乙醇提取物具抗炎症、抗流感病毒活性,从灰花金腰(Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim.)与裸茎金腰(Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge)提取的五环三萜对肿瘤细胞有较强抑制效果。本调查丰富了野生藏药金腰属植物种质资源,为深入研究金腰属植物的分类与药理活性提供了基础。
The species of Chrysosplenium L. has significant pharmacological effects due to the flavonols component. In this study,a detailed field scientific expedition of Chrysosplenium L. germplasm resources in?ve provinces of China(Tibet,Yunnan,Sichuan,Qinghai,and Gansu) was performed. 19 species(including two varieties) and 145 specimens of Chrysosplenium were collected. In addition,two newly recorded species of Chrysosplenium L.(C. biondianum Engl.、C. qinlingense Z.P.Jien & J.T.Pan) were found in Sichuan province,and both were extensively found in China. Three new records were observed in Gansu province,including C.pilosum Maxim.,C. lanuginosum Hook.f. & Thomson and C. henryi Franch.. These specimens were preserved in the Herbarium of South-Central University for Nationalities(HSN). As a traditional Tibetan medicine,Chrysosplenium L. plants have been used to treat various diseases,for instance,the 75% ethanol extract of Chrysosplenium axillare Maxim. showed high activity to virus ?u and in?ammation,furthermore,the pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim and Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge had strong antitumor effect. Thus,this work provided additional wild resources of Chrysosplenium L. in Tibetan-inhabited areas,which might be helpful in further taxonomy and pharmacology study of this genus.
The species of Chrysosplenium L. has significant pharmacological effects due to the flavonols component. In this study,a detailed field scientific expedition of Chrysosplenium L. germplasm resources in?ve provinces of China(Tibet,Yunnan,Sichuan,Qinghai,and Gansu) was performed. 19 species(including two varieties) and 145 specimens of Chrysosplenium were collected. In addition,two newly recorded species of Chrysosplenium L.(C. biondianum Engl.、C. qinlingense Z.P.Jien & J.T.Pan) were found in Sichuan province,and both were extensively found in China. Three new records were observed in Gansu province,including C.pilosum Maxim.,C. lanuginosum Hook.f. & Thomson and C. henryi Franch.. These specimens were preserved in the Herbarium of South-Central University for Nationalities(HSN). As a traditional Tibetan medicine,Chrysosplenium L. plants have been used to treat various diseases,for instance,the 75% ethanol extract of Chrysosplenium axillare Maxim. showed high activity to virus ?u and in?ammation,furthermore,the pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim and Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge had strong antitumor effect. Thus,this work provided additional wild resources of Chrysosplenium L. in Tibetan-inhabited areas,which might be helpful in further taxonomy and pharmacology study of this genus.
引文
[1]帝玛尔·丹增平措.晶珠本草.上海:上海科技出版社,1986:111Dimaer D. Jingzhu Monograph on Materia Medica. Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1986:111
[2]占布拉道尔吉·无误蒙药鉴·呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1988:221Zhanbula D. Correct Mongolian Medicine Medicine Handbook.Hohehot:Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House,1988:221
[3]布日额,洁比斯嘎拉图,包国林·蒙药材亚吉麻的本草考证·中药材,1999, 11(2):593-594Bu R E, Jie B S G L T, Bao G L-Herb textual research on Mongolia medicine materials Yagima. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 1999, 11(2):593-594
[4]宗玉英,党合群,骆桂法,张幸福,车镇涛·110种藏药抗肿瘤体外筛选实验研究·药学实践杂志,2000, 18(5):290-291Zong Y Y, Dang H Q, Luo G F, Zhang X F, Che Z T.Antitumor screening research from 110 Tibetan medicines. The Journal of Pharmaceutical Pratice, 2000, 18(5):290-291
[5]杨云裳,张应鹏,史高峰,鲁润华·金腰属植物化学成分和构效关系研究进展·天然产物研究与开发,2005, 17(2):253-257Yang Y S, Zhang Y P, Shi G F, Lu R H. Advances in studies on chemical constituents and structure-activity of Chrysosplenium.Natural Product Research and Development, 2005, 17(2):253-257
[6]王玉平,杨云裳,杨林西,高丽萍,闫波·藏药金腰草中黄酮诱导K562细胞凋亡及其分子机制研究·实用癌症杂志,2005,20(4):374-376Wang Y P, Yang Y S, Yang X L, Gao L P, Yan B. K562apoptosis induced by flavone from Tibetan medicine Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge and its molecular mechanism.The Practical Journal of Cancer, 2005 20(4):374-376
[7]雒艳萍·藏药裸茎金腰黄酮类化合物抗肿瘤作用及对免疫细胞活性影响的实验研究·兰州:兰州大学,2007Luo Y P. Studies on anti-tumor and affecting immune cells activities of flavonoid compounds from Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University, 2007
[8]Qin R,Lan D Q,Huang W,Liu H. Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Chrysosplenium spp.(Saxifragaceae)·Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities:Natural Science Edition, 2018,37(2):54-59
[9]潘锦堂·中国金腰属的研究·植物分类学报,1986, 24(2):81-97Pan J T. A study on the genus Chrysosplenium L. from China.Acta Phytotaxonmica Sinica, 1986, 24(2):81-97
[10]潘锦堂·中国金腰属的研究(续)·植物分类学报,1986.24(3):203-214Pan J T. A study on the genus Chrysosplenium L. from China(Continue)·Acta Phytotaxonmica Sinica, 1986,24(3):203-214
[11] Han J W, Kang S H. Chrysosplenium epigealum J-W. Han et S. H. Kang:A new species of Chrysosplenium(Saxifragaceae)from Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Research, 2012, 25(3):346-348
[12] Bhaumik M. Chrysosplenium arunachalense(Saxifragaceae),a new species from India. Kew Bulletin, 2014, 69(1):9491
[13] Kim Y I, Kim Y D. Chrysosplenium aureobracteatum(Saxifragaceae), a new species from south Korea. Novon,2015,23(4):432-436
[14] Liu H, Luo J L, Liu Q Y, Lan D Q, Qin R, Yu X L. A new species of Chrysosplenium(Saxifragaceae)from Zhangjiajie,Hunan, central China. Phytotaxa, 2016,277(3):287-292
[15] Soltis D E,Tago-Nakazawa M,Xiang Q Y,Kawano S,Murata J, Wakabayashi M, Carola H J. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution in Chrysosplenium(Saxifragaceae)based on matK sequence data. American Journal of Botany, 2001,88(5):883-893
[16]中国科学院中国植物志编委会·中国植物志:第34卷第2册.北京:科学出版社,1992:234-279Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Science. Flora reipublicae popularis sinieae,Vol. 34, partⅡ. Beijing:Science Publishing Press, 1992:234-279
[17]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所·藏药志·西宁:青海人民出版社,1991:329-331Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences. Tibetan medicine Records. Xining:Qinghai People's Publishing Press, 1991:329-331
[18]中国科学院植物研究所·中国高等植物图鉴:第2册·北京:科学出版社,1972:140-146Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences.Iconographia cormophytorum sinicorum(Tomus 2)·Beijing:Science Publishing Press, 1972:140-146
[19]江苏新医学院·中药大辞典·上海:上海科学技术出版社,1977:919Jiangsu New Medical College. The dictionary of medicinal plant. Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1977:919
[20]Hosokawa N,Hosokawa Y,Sakai T,Yoshida M,Marui N,Nishino H, Kawai K, Aoike A. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on the synthesis of a possibly cell-cycle-related 17-Kda protein,in human colon cancer cells. International Journal of Cancer,1990,45:1119-1124
[21] Tsuchiya Y, Shimizu M, Hiy ama Y, Itoh K, Hashimoto Y,Nakayama M, Horie T, Morita N. Antiviral activity of natural occurring flavonoids in vitro. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1985,33(9):3881-3886
[22]吴征镒,孙航,周浙昆,李德铢,彭华·中国种子植物区系地理.北京:科学出版社,2010:81-86Wu Z Y, Sun H, Zhou Z K, Li D Z, Peng H. Floristics of seed plants from China. Beijing:Science Publishing Press,2010:7
[23]兰德庆,覃瑞,夏婧,李刚,刘虹·鄂西及湘西武陵山区金腰属植物新记录·生物资源,2018,40(2):159-163Lan D Q, Qin R, Xia J, Li G, Liu H. New records of Chrysosplenium spp. in Wuling mountain area of the west of Hubei and Hunan.Biotic Resources, 2018,40(2):159-163
[24]方嘉禾.世界生物资源概况·植物遗传资源学报,2010, 11(2):121-126Fang J H. Overview of the world's biological resources. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2010, 11(2):121-126
[25]覃海宁,杨永,董仕勇,何强,贾渝,赵莉娜,于胜祥,刘慧圆,刘博,严岳鸿,向建英,夏念和,彭华,李振宇,张志翔,何兴金,尹林克,林余霖,刘全儒,侯元同,刘演,刘启新,曹伟,李建强,陈世龙,金效华,高天刚,陈文俐,马海英,耿玉英,金孝锋,常朝阳,蒋宏,蔡蕾,臧春鑫,武建勇,叶建飞,赖阳均,刘冰,林秦文,薛纳新·中国高等植物受威胁物种名录·生物多样性,2017, 25(7):696-744Qin H N, Yang Y, Dong S Y, He Q, Jia Y, Zhao L N, Yu S X,Liu H Y,Liu B,Yan Y H,Xiang J Y,Xia N H,Peng H,Li Z Y,Zhang Z X,He X J,Yin L K,Lin Y L,Liu Q R,Hou Y T,Liu Y,Liu Q X,Cao W,Li J Q,Chen S L,Jin X H,Gao T G,Chen W L, Ma H Y, Geng Y Y, Jin X F, Chang C Y, Jiang H, Cai L,Zang C X, Wu J Y, Ye SF, Lai Y J, Liu B, Lin Q W,Xue N XThreatened species list of China's higher plants. Biodiversity Science, 2017,25(7):696-744
[26]陈建国,杨扬,孙航·高山植物对全球气候变暖的响应研究进展·应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(3):435-446Chen J G, Yang Y, Sun H-Advances in the studies of responses of alpine plants to global warming. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2011,17(3):435-446
[27]刘娜,唐勇,方艳·若尔盖湿地旅游开发的环境影响及对策.水资源保护,2007,23(5):82-86Liu N, Tang Y, Fang Y. Environmental impacts and countermeasures of tourism development in Ruoergai Wetland.Water Resources Protection, 2007,23(5):82-86
[28]赵彩云,刘欢,苏锦松,李轩豪,贾敏如,张艺,张静·青藏高原藏药濒危现状及其资源保护策略·中国中药杂志,2016,41(23):4451-4455Zhao C Y, Liu H, Su J S, Li X H, Jia M R, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Endangered situation and conservation strategy of Tibetan medicine in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2016, 41(23):4451-4455
[29]马晓岗,蒋礼玲,许媛君,任建东·青海高原地区作物种质资源的收集保护和创新利用进展·植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1272-1276Ma X G, Jiang L L, Xu Y J, Ren J D-Progress of conversation and innovation of crop germplasm resources. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2015, 16(6):1272-1276
[2]占布拉道尔吉·无误蒙药鉴·呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1988:221Zhanbula D. Correct Mongolian Medicine Medicine Handbook.Hohehot:Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House,1988:221
[3]布日额,洁比斯嘎拉图,包国林·蒙药材亚吉麻的本草考证·中药材,1999, 11(2):593-594Bu R E, Jie B S G L T, Bao G L-Herb textual research on Mongolia medicine materials Yagima. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 1999, 11(2):593-594
[4]宗玉英,党合群,骆桂法,张幸福,车镇涛·110种藏药抗肿瘤体外筛选实验研究·药学实践杂志,2000, 18(5):290-291Zong Y Y, Dang H Q, Luo G F, Zhang X F, Che Z T.Antitumor screening research from 110 Tibetan medicines. The Journal of Pharmaceutical Pratice, 2000, 18(5):290-291
[5]杨云裳,张应鹏,史高峰,鲁润华·金腰属植物化学成分和构效关系研究进展·天然产物研究与开发,2005, 17(2):253-257Yang Y S, Zhang Y P, Shi G F, Lu R H. Advances in studies on chemical constituents and structure-activity of Chrysosplenium.Natural Product Research and Development, 2005, 17(2):253-257
[6]王玉平,杨云裳,杨林西,高丽萍,闫波·藏药金腰草中黄酮诱导K562细胞凋亡及其分子机制研究·实用癌症杂志,2005,20(4):374-376Wang Y P, Yang Y S, Yang X L, Gao L P, Yan B. K562apoptosis induced by flavone from Tibetan medicine Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge and its molecular mechanism.The Practical Journal of Cancer, 2005 20(4):374-376
[7]雒艳萍·藏药裸茎金腰黄酮类化合物抗肿瘤作用及对免疫细胞活性影响的实验研究·兰州:兰州大学,2007Luo Y P. Studies on anti-tumor and affecting immune cells activities of flavonoid compounds from Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University, 2007
[8]Qin R,Lan D Q,Huang W,Liu H. Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Chrysosplenium spp.(Saxifragaceae)·Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities:Natural Science Edition, 2018,37(2):54-59
[9]潘锦堂·中国金腰属的研究·植物分类学报,1986, 24(2):81-97Pan J T. A study on the genus Chrysosplenium L. from China.Acta Phytotaxonmica Sinica, 1986, 24(2):81-97
[10]潘锦堂·中国金腰属的研究(续)·植物分类学报,1986.24(3):203-214Pan J T. A study on the genus Chrysosplenium L. from China(Continue)·Acta Phytotaxonmica Sinica, 1986,24(3):203-214
[11] Han J W, Kang S H. Chrysosplenium epigealum J-W. Han et S. H. Kang:A new species of Chrysosplenium(Saxifragaceae)from Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Research, 2012, 25(3):346-348
[12] Bhaumik M. Chrysosplenium arunachalense(Saxifragaceae),a new species from India. Kew Bulletin, 2014, 69(1):9491
[13] Kim Y I, Kim Y D. Chrysosplenium aureobracteatum(Saxifragaceae), a new species from south Korea. Novon,2015,23(4):432-436
[14] Liu H, Luo J L, Liu Q Y, Lan D Q, Qin R, Yu X L. A new species of Chrysosplenium(Saxifragaceae)from Zhangjiajie,Hunan, central China. Phytotaxa, 2016,277(3):287-292
[15] Soltis D E,Tago-Nakazawa M,Xiang Q Y,Kawano S,Murata J, Wakabayashi M, Carola H J. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution in Chrysosplenium(Saxifragaceae)based on matK sequence data. American Journal of Botany, 2001,88(5):883-893
[16]中国科学院中国植物志编委会·中国植物志:第34卷第2册.北京:科学出版社,1992:234-279Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Science. Flora reipublicae popularis sinieae,Vol. 34, partⅡ. Beijing:Science Publishing Press, 1992:234-279
[17]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所·藏药志·西宁:青海人民出版社,1991:329-331Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences. Tibetan medicine Records. Xining:Qinghai People's Publishing Press, 1991:329-331
[18]中国科学院植物研究所·中国高等植物图鉴:第2册·北京:科学出版社,1972:140-146Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences.Iconographia cormophytorum sinicorum(Tomus 2)·Beijing:Science Publishing Press, 1972:140-146
[19]江苏新医学院·中药大辞典·上海:上海科学技术出版社,1977:919Jiangsu New Medical College. The dictionary of medicinal plant. Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1977:919
[20]Hosokawa N,Hosokawa Y,Sakai T,Yoshida M,Marui N,Nishino H, Kawai K, Aoike A. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on the synthesis of a possibly cell-cycle-related 17-Kda protein,in human colon cancer cells. International Journal of Cancer,1990,45:1119-1124
[21] Tsuchiya Y, Shimizu M, Hiy ama Y, Itoh K, Hashimoto Y,Nakayama M, Horie T, Morita N. Antiviral activity of natural occurring flavonoids in vitro. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1985,33(9):3881-3886
[22]吴征镒,孙航,周浙昆,李德铢,彭华·中国种子植物区系地理.北京:科学出版社,2010:81-86Wu Z Y, Sun H, Zhou Z K, Li D Z, Peng H. Floristics of seed plants from China. Beijing:Science Publishing Press,2010:7
[23]兰德庆,覃瑞,夏婧,李刚,刘虹·鄂西及湘西武陵山区金腰属植物新记录·生物资源,2018,40(2):159-163Lan D Q, Qin R, Xia J, Li G, Liu H. New records of Chrysosplenium spp. in Wuling mountain area of the west of Hubei and Hunan.Biotic Resources, 2018,40(2):159-163
[24]方嘉禾.世界生物资源概况·植物遗传资源学报,2010, 11(2):121-126Fang J H. Overview of the world's biological resources. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2010, 11(2):121-126
[25]覃海宁,杨永,董仕勇,何强,贾渝,赵莉娜,于胜祥,刘慧圆,刘博,严岳鸿,向建英,夏念和,彭华,李振宇,张志翔,何兴金,尹林克,林余霖,刘全儒,侯元同,刘演,刘启新,曹伟,李建强,陈世龙,金效华,高天刚,陈文俐,马海英,耿玉英,金孝锋,常朝阳,蒋宏,蔡蕾,臧春鑫,武建勇,叶建飞,赖阳均,刘冰,林秦文,薛纳新·中国高等植物受威胁物种名录·生物多样性,2017, 25(7):696-744Qin H N, Yang Y, Dong S Y, He Q, Jia Y, Zhao L N, Yu S X,Liu H Y,Liu B,Yan Y H,Xiang J Y,Xia N H,Peng H,Li Z Y,Zhang Z X,He X J,Yin L K,Lin Y L,Liu Q R,Hou Y T,Liu Y,Liu Q X,Cao W,Li J Q,Chen S L,Jin X H,Gao T G,Chen W L, Ma H Y, Geng Y Y, Jin X F, Chang C Y, Jiang H, Cai L,Zang C X, Wu J Y, Ye SF, Lai Y J, Liu B, Lin Q W,Xue N XThreatened species list of China's higher plants. Biodiversity Science, 2017,25(7):696-744
[26]陈建国,杨扬,孙航·高山植物对全球气候变暖的响应研究进展·应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(3):435-446Chen J G, Yang Y, Sun H-Advances in the studies of responses of alpine plants to global warming. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2011,17(3):435-446
[27]刘娜,唐勇,方艳·若尔盖湿地旅游开发的环境影响及对策.水资源保护,2007,23(5):82-86Liu N, Tang Y, Fang Y. Environmental impacts and countermeasures of tourism development in Ruoergai Wetland.Water Resources Protection, 2007,23(5):82-86
[28]赵彩云,刘欢,苏锦松,李轩豪,贾敏如,张艺,张静·青藏高原藏药濒危现状及其资源保护策略·中国中药杂志,2016,41(23):4451-4455Zhao C Y, Liu H, Su J S, Li X H, Jia M R, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Endangered situation and conservation strategy of Tibetan medicine in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2016, 41(23):4451-4455
[29]马晓岗,蒋礼玲,许媛君,任建东·青海高原地区作物种质资源的收集保护和创新利用进展·植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1272-1276Ma X G, Jiang L L, Xu Y J, Ren J D-Progress of conversation and innovation of crop germplasm resources. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2015, 16(6):1272-1276