上海市河道水体拟浮丝藻生物量与环境因子的回归分析
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摘要
拟浮丝藻是一类常见的水华蓝藻,为探究城市河道生境中该类蓝藻与环境因子的关系,本研究采用广义加性模型(GAM)回归分析法对2013—2016年夏季上海地区36条河道的野外调查数据进行了分析。结果表明:夏季拟浮丝藻生物量与水温(25~35℃)和pH(6.5~9.5)二者呈显著正相关,而与氮、磷浓度相关性不显著(P>0.05);上海市河道水体中营养盐(总氮浓度平均为2.62 mg·L-1,总磷浓度平均为0.46 mg·L-1)不是拟浮丝藻生长的限制性因素;另外,拟浮丝藻生物量与轮虫、原生动物和小型枝角类生物量总体呈显著正相关,而与桡足类的生物量呈负相关;这可能与食物资源(小型可食性藻类的增加)以及不同类型的浮游动物对于丝状蓝藻的耐受性差异有关。
Field investigation data in summer from 36 urban rivers in Shanghai were used to explore the relationship between Planktothricoides spp.,which can form cyanobacteria bloom,and its environmental factors. The generalized additive model( GAM) results showed that the biomass of Planktothricoides spp. significantly increased when the water temperature ranged between 25 and 35 ℃ and the p H values ranged between 6. 5 and 9. 5. Contrarily,Planktothricoides spp.didn't show significant correlation with total nitrogen and total phosphorus( P>0.05) when their concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 7.33 mg·L-1 and from 0.04 to 4.10 mg·L-1,respectively. It was indicated that the high concentrations of nutrients in Shanghai rivers were no longer the limitation factors for the growth of Planktothricoides spp. Furthermore,significantly positive correlations were observed between the biomass of rotifer,protozoan and cladocera and Planktothricoides spp.,while the latter showed a negative correlation with copepod biomass. This correlation pattern between zooplankton and planktothricoides spp. may be explained by the abundance of small sized edible algae in the water column and the tolerance capability of different sized zooplankton to filamentous cyanobacteria.
Field investigation data in summer from 36 urban rivers in Shanghai were used to explore the relationship between Planktothricoides spp.,which can form cyanobacteria bloom,and its environmental factors. The generalized additive model( GAM) results showed that the biomass of Planktothricoides spp. significantly increased when the water temperature ranged between 25 and 35 ℃ and the p H values ranged between 6. 5 and 9. 5. Contrarily,Planktothricoides spp.didn't show significant correlation with total nitrogen and total phosphorus( P>0.05) when their concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 7.33 mg·L-1 and from 0.04 to 4.10 mg·L-1,respectively. It was indicated that the high concentrations of nutrients in Shanghai rivers were no longer the limitation factors for the growth of Planktothricoides spp. Furthermore,significantly positive correlations were observed between the biomass of rotifer,protozoan and cladocera and Planktothricoides spp.,while the latter showed a negative correlation with copepod biomass. This correlation pattern between zooplankton and planktothricoides spp. may be explained by the abundance of small sized edible algae in the water column and the tolerance capability of different sized zooplankton to filamentous cyanobacteria.
引文
陈琼.2006.氮、磷对水华发生的影响.生物学通报,41(5):12-14.
陈家长,王菁,裘丽萍,等.2014.p H对鱼腥藻和普通小球藻生长竞争的影响.生态环境学报,23(2):289-294.
傅昶宁.2012.拟柱胞藻检测技术改进.海峡科学,(7):38-40.
郭匿春.2007.浮游动物与藻类水华的控制(第四版).武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所.
韩茂森,束蕴芳.1995.中国淡水生物图谱.北京:海洋出版社.
胡鸿钧,魏印心.2006.中国淡水藻类:系统、分类及生态.北京:科学出版社.
金相灿,刘鸿亮,屠清瑛.1990.中国湖泊富营养化.北京:中国环境科学出版社.
孔繁翔,高光.2005.大型浅水富营养化湖泊中蓝藻水华形成机理的思考.生态学报,25(3):589-595.
孔繁翔,宋立荣.2011.蓝藻水华形成过程及其环境特征研究.北京:科学出版社.
林燊,彭欣,吴忠兴,等.2008.我国水华蓝藻的新类群---阿氏浮丝藻(Planktothrix agardhii)生理特性.湖泊科学,20(4):437-442.
刘丽萍.1999.滇池水华特征及成因分析.环境科学研究,12(5):36-37.
牛晓君.2006.富营养化发生机理及水华暴发研究进展.四川环境,25(3):73-76.
秦伯强,许海,董百丽.2011.富营养化湖泊治理的理论与实践.北京:高等教育出版社.
饶群,芮孝芳.2001.富营养化机理及数学模拟研究进展.水文,21(2):15-19.
山鹰,张玮,李典宝,等.2015.上海市不同区县中小河道氮磷污染特征.生态学报,35(15):5239-5247.
施成,汪宪,1989.中国湖泊概论.北京:科学出版社.
舒金华,黄文钰,吴延根.1996.中国湖泊营养类型的分类研究.湖泊科学,8(3):193-200.
税永红,唐亚,李巧巧,等.2010.成都犀池拟浮丝藻水华成因探析.四川环境,29(1):17-23.
孙军,John,Dawson,等.2004.夏季胶州湾微型浮游动物摄食初步研究.应用生态学报,15(7):1245-1252.
王心芳,魏复盛,齐文启.2002.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社.
王志红,崔福义,安全,等.2004.p H与水库水富营养化进程的相关性研究.给水排水,30(5):37-41.
吴传庆,王桥,杨志峰,等.2007.太湖水华的遥感分析.中国环境监测,23(3):52-56.
吴忠兴,余博识,彭欣,等.2008.中国水华蓝藻的新记录属---拟浮丝藻属(Planktothricoides).植物科学学报,26(5):461-465.
谢平.2005.浅水湖泊内源磷负荷季节变化的生物驱动机制.中国科学D辑地球科学,35(2):11-23.
徐其华.1997.上海水利志.上海:上海社会科学院出版社.
许海,刘兆普,袁兰,等.2009.p H对几种淡水藻类生长的影响.环境科学与技术,32(1):27-30.
张红,黄勇.2009.基于NOAA/AVHR卫星资料的巢湖水华规律分析.中国环境科学,29(7):727-732.
章宗涉,黄祥飞.1991.淡水浮游生物研究方法.北京:科学出版社.
Agrawal MK,Zitt A,Bagchi D,et al.2005.Characterization of proteases in guts of Daphnia magna and their inhibition by microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806.Environmental Toxicology,20:314-322.
Downing JA,Watson SB,Mccauley E.2001.Predicting cyanobacteria dominance in lakes.Canadian Journal of Fisheries&Aquatic Sciences,58:1905-1908
Furumai H,Ohgaki S.1988.Radiochemical analysis of phosphorus exchange kinetics between sediments and water under aerobic conditions.Journal of Environmental Quality,17:205-211.
Guidi-Rontani C,Jean MRN,Gonzalezrizzo S,et al.2014.Description of new filamentous toxic cyanobacteria(Oscillatoriales)colonizing the sulfidic periphyton mat in marine mangroves.FEMS Microbiology Letters,359:173-181.
Haney JF.1987.Field studies on zooplankton yanobacteria interactions.New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research,21:467-475.
Hansson LA,Gustafsson S,Rengefors K,et al.2007.Cyanobacterial chemical warfare affects zooplankton community composition.Freshwater Biology,52:1290-1301.
Hua JB,Zong ZX.1994.Experimental research on formation of algae bloom in Yanghe Reservoir.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,30:476-484.
Huang B,Xiang W,Zeng X,et al.2011 Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in a subtropical coastal upwelling system in the Taiwan Strait.Continental Shelf Research,31:48-56.
Jiang TZ,Ke DY,Li HD,et al.2011.Microzooplankton grazing rate of size-fractionated phytoplankton in spring in the Yellow Sea,China.Ocean Science,35:1-7.
Jiang X,Xie J,Xu Y,et al.2017.Increasing dominance of small zooplankton with toxic cyanobacteria.Freshwater Biology,62:429-443.
Komrek J,Komrkov-LegnerovJ.2007.Several rare freshwater planktic cyanobacteria(Cyanoprokaryotes)from reservoirs in South America.Hoehnea,34:49-58.
Nalewajko C,Murphy TP.2001.Effects of temperature and availability of nitrogen and phosphorus on the abundance of Anabaena and Microcystis in Lake Biwa,Japan:An experimental approach.Limnology,2:45-48.
Paerl HW,Rd FR,Moisander PH,et al.2001.Harmful freshwater algal blooms,with an emphasis on cyanobacteria.Scientific World Journal,1:76-113.
Schindler DW.1977.Evolution of phosphorus limitation in lakes.Science,195:260-262.
Smith VH.1983.Low nitrogen to phosphorus ratios favor dominance by blue-green algae in lake phytoplankton.Science,221:669-671.
Suda S,Watanabe MM,Otsuka S,et al.2002.Taxonomic revision of water-bloom-forming species of oscillatorioid cyanobacteria.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,52:1577-1595.
Wood S.2001.Mgcv:Gams and generalized ridge regression for R.Proceedings of the R News,1:20-25.
Xie L,Xie P,Li S,et al.2003.The low TN:TP ratio,a cause or a result of Microcystis blooms.Water Research,37:2073-2080.
Xu H,Paerl HW,Qin B,et al.2010.Nitrogen and phosphorus inputs control phytoplankton growth in eutrophic Lake Taihu,China.Limnology&Oceanography,55:420-432.
Yamamoto Y,Shiah FK,Chen YL.2011.Importance of large colony formation in bloom-forming cyanobacteria to dominate in eutrophic ponds.International Journal of Limnology,47:167-173.
陈家长,王菁,裘丽萍,等.2014.p H对鱼腥藻和普通小球藻生长竞争的影响.生态环境学报,23(2):289-294.
傅昶宁.2012.拟柱胞藻检测技术改进.海峡科学,(7):38-40.
郭匿春.2007.浮游动物与藻类水华的控制(第四版).武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所.
韩茂森,束蕴芳.1995.中国淡水生物图谱.北京:海洋出版社.
胡鸿钧,魏印心.2006.中国淡水藻类:系统、分类及生态.北京:科学出版社.
金相灿,刘鸿亮,屠清瑛.1990.中国湖泊富营养化.北京:中国环境科学出版社.
孔繁翔,高光.2005.大型浅水富营养化湖泊中蓝藻水华形成机理的思考.生态学报,25(3):589-595.
孔繁翔,宋立荣.2011.蓝藻水华形成过程及其环境特征研究.北京:科学出版社.
林燊,彭欣,吴忠兴,等.2008.我国水华蓝藻的新类群---阿氏浮丝藻(Planktothrix agardhii)生理特性.湖泊科学,20(4):437-442.
刘丽萍.1999.滇池水华特征及成因分析.环境科学研究,12(5):36-37.
牛晓君.2006.富营养化发生机理及水华暴发研究进展.四川环境,25(3):73-76.
秦伯强,许海,董百丽.2011.富营养化湖泊治理的理论与实践.北京:高等教育出版社.
饶群,芮孝芳.2001.富营养化机理及数学模拟研究进展.水文,21(2):15-19.
山鹰,张玮,李典宝,等.2015.上海市不同区县中小河道氮磷污染特征.生态学报,35(15):5239-5247.
施成,汪宪,1989.中国湖泊概论.北京:科学出版社.
舒金华,黄文钰,吴延根.1996.中国湖泊营养类型的分类研究.湖泊科学,8(3):193-200.
税永红,唐亚,李巧巧,等.2010.成都犀池拟浮丝藻水华成因探析.四川环境,29(1):17-23.
孙军,John,Dawson,等.2004.夏季胶州湾微型浮游动物摄食初步研究.应用生态学报,15(7):1245-1252.
王心芳,魏复盛,齐文启.2002.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社.
王志红,崔福义,安全,等.2004.p H与水库水富营养化进程的相关性研究.给水排水,30(5):37-41.
吴传庆,王桥,杨志峰,等.2007.太湖水华的遥感分析.中国环境监测,23(3):52-56.
吴忠兴,余博识,彭欣,等.2008.中国水华蓝藻的新记录属---拟浮丝藻属(Planktothricoides).植物科学学报,26(5):461-465.
谢平.2005.浅水湖泊内源磷负荷季节变化的生物驱动机制.中国科学D辑地球科学,35(2):11-23.
徐其华.1997.上海水利志.上海:上海社会科学院出版社.
许海,刘兆普,袁兰,等.2009.p H对几种淡水藻类生长的影响.环境科学与技术,32(1):27-30.
张红,黄勇.2009.基于NOAA/AVHR卫星资料的巢湖水华规律分析.中国环境科学,29(7):727-732.
章宗涉,黄祥飞.1991.淡水浮游生物研究方法.北京:科学出版社.
Agrawal MK,Zitt A,Bagchi D,et al.2005.Characterization of proteases in guts of Daphnia magna and their inhibition by microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806.Environmental Toxicology,20:314-322.
Downing JA,Watson SB,Mccauley E.2001.Predicting cyanobacteria dominance in lakes.Canadian Journal of Fisheries&Aquatic Sciences,58:1905-1908
Furumai H,Ohgaki S.1988.Radiochemical analysis of phosphorus exchange kinetics between sediments and water under aerobic conditions.Journal of Environmental Quality,17:205-211.
Guidi-Rontani C,Jean MRN,Gonzalezrizzo S,et al.2014.Description of new filamentous toxic cyanobacteria(Oscillatoriales)colonizing the sulfidic periphyton mat in marine mangroves.FEMS Microbiology Letters,359:173-181.
Haney JF.1987.Field studies on zooplankton yanobacteria interactions.New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research,21:467-475.
Hansson LA,Gustafsson S,Rengefors K,et al.2007.Cyanobacterial chemical warfare affects zooplankton community composition.Freshwater Biology,52:1290-1301.
Hua JB,Zong ZX.1994.Experimental research on formation of algae bloom in Yanghe Reservoir.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,30:476-484.
Huang B,Xiang W,Zeng X,et al.2011 Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing in a subtropical coastal upwelling system in the Taiwan Strait.Continental Shelf Research,31:48-56.
Jiang TZ,Ke DY,Li HD,et al.2011.Microzooplankton grazing rate of size-fractionated phytoplankton in spring in the Yellow Sea,China.Ocean Science,35:1-7.
Jiang X,Xie J,Xu Y,et al.2017.Increasing dominance of small zooplankton with toxic cyanobacteria.Freshwater Biology,62:429-443.
Komrek J,Komrkov-LegnerovJ.2007.Several rare freshwater planktic cyanobacteria(Cyanoprokaryotes)from reservoirs in South America.Hoehnea,34:49-58.
Nalewajko C,Murphy TP.2001.Effects of temperature and availability of nitrogen and phosphorus on the abundance of Anabaena and Microcystis in Lake Biwa,Japan:An experimental approach.Limnology,2:45-48.
Paerl HW,Rd FR,Moisander PH,et al.2001.Harmful freshwater algal blooms,with an emphasis on cyanobacteria.Scientific World Journal,1:76-113.
Schindler DW.1977.Evolution of phosphorus limitation in lakes.Science,195:260-262.
Smith VH.1983.Low nitrogen to phosphorus ratios favor dominance by blue-green algae in lake phytoplankton.Science,221:669-671.
Suda S,Watanabe MM,Otsuka S,et al.2002.Taxonomic revision of water-bloom-forming species of oscillatorioid cyanobacteria.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,52:1577-1595.
Wood S.2001.Mgcv:Gams and generalized ridge regression for R.Proceedings of the R News,1:20-25.
Xie L,Xie P,Li S,et al.2003.The low TN:TP ratio,a cause or a result of Microcystis blooms.Water Research,37:2073-2080.
Xu H,Paerl HW,Qin B,et al.2010.Nitrogen and phosphorus inputs control phytoplankton growth in eutrophic Lake Taihu,China.Limnology&Oceanography,55:420-432.
Yamamoto Y,Shiah FK,Chen YL.2011.Importance of large colony formation in bloom-forming cyanobacteria to dominate in eutrophic ponds.International Journal of Limnology,47:167-173.