隧道岩溶管道型突涌水动态演化特征及涌水量综合预测
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摘要
建立了隧道岩溶管道型突涌水模型,进行了突涌水过程中动态演化特征分析,结果表明揭露岩溶管道型突涌水的动态演化无明显的时间效应,但空间特征呈现阶段演化的规律,突涌水区域可分为三种典型流速演化区域:管道内部的近似高速稳定区,隧道与岩溶管道临界面附近的流速升高区以及隧道内部灾害水体的衰减–低速稳定区。基于管道内部区域流速动态衰减规律,提出了基于数值分析法和极限(离散)解析法的涌水量综合预测方法,形成揭露岩溶管道型突涌水的涌水量预测体系,并设计了相应的模型试验,进行了涌水量的实时监测,监测结果验证了涌水量综合预测方法的合理性。
A model for karst piping-type water inrush at tunnel site is established, and the dynamic evolution characteristics of water inrush are analyzed. The results show that there is no obvious time effect for the dynamic evolution of karst piping-type water inrush, but the spatial features have the property of phase evolution. The water inrush area can be divided into three typical flow velocity evolution areas: approximate high-velocity stability zone inside the karst pipeline, velocity rising zone near the critical plane and attenuation-low velocity stability zone in the tunnel. Based on the dynamic attenuation law of flow velocity in the inner area of pipeline, the method of limit analysis combined with numerical methods to predict water inflow is put forward, and a prediction system for water inflow is formed. The corresponding model test is designed, and the real-time monitoring of water inflow is carried out. The rationality of the comprehensive prediction method for water inflow is verified.
A model for karst piping-type water inrush at tunnel site is established, and the dynamic evolution characteristics of water inrush are analyzed. The results show that there is no obvious time effect for the dynamic evolution of karst piping-type water inrush, but the spatial features have the property of phase evolution. The water inrush area can be divided into three typical flow velocity evolution areas: approximate high-velocity stability zone inside the karst pipeline, velocity rising zone near the critical plane and attenuation-low velocity stability zone in the tunnel. Based on the dynamic attenuation law of flow velocity in the inner area of pipeline, the method of limit analysis combined with numerical methods to predict water inflow is put forward, and a prediction system for water inflow is formed. The corresponding model test is designed, and the real-time monitoring of water inflow is carried out. The rationality of the comprehensive prediction method for water inflow is verified.
引文
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[16]王健华.隧道突涌水动态演化特征分析及区域涌水量预测方法[D].济南:山东大学, 2016.(WANG Jian-hua. Study on flow dynamic evolution characteristics and regional water inflowpredictionmethodoftunnelwaterinrush[D].Jinan:Shandong University, 2016.(in Chinese))
[17]HWANGJin-hung,LUChih-chieh.Asemi-analytical method for analyzing the tunnel water inflow[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2007, 22(1):39–46.
[18]李树忱,冯现大,李术才,等.新型固流耦合相似材料的研制及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):281–288.(LIShu-chen,FENGXian-da,LIShu-cai,etal.Researchanddevelopmentofanewsimilarmaterialfor solid-fluid coupling and its application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2010, 29(2):281–288.(in Chinese))
[19]周毅,李术才,李利平,等.地下工程流–固耦合试验新技术及其在充填型岩溶管道突水模型试验中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(7):1232–1240.(ZHOUYi,LI Shu-cai,LILi-ping,etal.Newtechnologyforfluid-solid coupling tests of underground engineering and its application in experimental simulation of water inrush in filled-type karst conduit[J].ChineseJournalofGeotechnicalEngineering,2015, 37(7):1232–1240.(in Chinese))
[2]石少帅.深长隧道充填型致灾构造渗透失稳突涌水机理与风险控制及工程应用[D].济南:山东大学,2014.(SHI Shao-shuai.Studyonseepagefailuremechanismandrisk control of water inrush induced by filled disaster structure in deep-longtunnelandengineeringapplications[D].Jinan:Shandong University, 2014.(in Chinese))
[3]薛禹群.关于稳定井流模型和Dupuit公式的讨论[J].水利学报, 2011, 42(10):1252–1256.(XUE Yu-qun. A discussion on steady well flow model and Dupuit formula[J]. Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2011,42(10):1252–1256.(in Chinese))
[4]杨天鸿,陈仕阔,朱万成,等.矿井岩体破坏突水机制及非线性渗流模型初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1411–1416.(YANGTian-hong,CHENShi-kuo,ZHU Wan-cheng,etal.Waterinrushmechanisminminesand nonlinear flow model for fractured rocks[J]. Chinese Journal ofRockMechanicsandEngineering,2008,27(7):1411–1416.(in Chinese))
[5]李利平.高风险岩溶隧道突水灾变演化机理及其应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2009.(LILi-ping.Studyon catastrophe evolution mechanism of karst water inrush and its engineeringapplicationofhighriskkarsttunnel[D].Jinan:Shandong University, 2009.(in Chinese))
[6]陈国庆,李天斌,范占锋,等.基于不同渗流方程的岩溶隧道涌突水过程模拟[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(4):8–13.(CHEN Guo-qing, LI Tian-bin, FAN Zhan-feng, et al.Astudyoftheprocesssimulationofwaterburstinakarst tunnel based on different seepage equations[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology, 2011, 38(4):8–13.(in Chinese))
[7]王建秀,朱合华,叶为民.隧道涌水量的预测及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(7):1150–1152.(WANGJian-xiu,ZHUHe-hua,YEWei-min.Forwardand inverseofwaterinflowintotunnels[J].ChineseJournalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(7):1150–1152.(in Chinese))
[8]王者超,李术才,梁建毅,等.地下水封石油洞库渗水量预测与统计[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(8):1490–1497.(WANGZhe-chao,LIShu-cai,LILi-ping,etal.Prediction andmeasurementofgroundwaterflowrateofunderground crude oil storage caverns[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(8):1490–1497.(in Chinese))
[9]ELTANIM.Circulartunnelinasemi-infiniteaquifer[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 2003, 18(1):49–55.
[10]倪绍虎,何世海,汪小刚,等.裂隙岩体水力学特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):488–498.(NI Shao-hu,HEShi-hai,WANGXiao-gang,etal.Hydraulic properties of fractured rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock MechanicsandEngineering,2012,31(3):488–498.(in Chinese))
[11]王媛,秦峰,夏志皓.深埋隧道涌水预测非达西模型及数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(9):1862–1868.(WANGYuan,QINFeng,XIAZhi-hao,etal.Non-darcyflowmodelandnumericalsimulationfor predicting water inflow in deep tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012, 31(9):1862–1868.(in Chinese))
[12] WU Y S. Non-Darcy flow behavior near high-flux injection wells in porous and fractured formations[J]. Development in Water Science, 2005, 52:221–233.
[13]WUYS.Numericalsimulationofsingle-phaseand multiphasenon-Darcyflowinporousandfractured reservoirs[J]. Transport in Porous Media, 2002, 49(2):209–240.
[14]王媛,顾智刚,倪小东,等.光滑裂隙高流速非达西渗流运动规律的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(7):1404–1408.(WANGYuan,GUZhi-gang,NI Xiao-dong, et al. Experimental study of non-darcy water flow through a single smooth fracture[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock MechanicsandEngineering,2010,29(7):1404–1408.(in Chinese))
[15]仵彦卿.岩土水力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.(WU Yan-qing.Geohydraulics[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2009.(in Chinese))
[16]王健华.隧道突涌水动态演化特征分析及区域涌水量预测方法[D].济南:山东大学, 2016.(WANG Jian-hua. Study on flow dynamic evolution characteristics and regional water inflowpredictionmethodoftunnelwaterinrush[D].Jinan:Shandong University, 2016.(in Chinese))
[17]HWANGJin-hung,LUChih-chieh.Asemi-analytical method for analyzing the tunnel water inflow[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2007, 22(1):39–46.
[18]李树忱,冯现大,李术才,等.新型固流耦合相似材料的研制及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):281–288.(LIShu-chen,FENGXian-da,LIShu-cai,etal.Researchanddevelopmentofanewsimilarmaterialfor solid-fluid coupling and its application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2010, 29(2):281–288.(in Chinese))
[19]周毅,李术才,李利平,等.地下工程流–固耦合试验新技术及其在充填型岩溶管道突水模型试验中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(7):1232–1240.(ZHOUYi,LI Shu-cai,LILi-ping,etal.Newtechnologyforfluid-solid coupling tests of underground engineering and its application in experimental simulation of water inrush in filled-type karst conduit[J].ChineseJournalofGeotechnicalEngineering,2015, 37(7):1232–1240.(in Chinese))