泡沫钻井井底压力动态变化分析
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摘要
泡沫钻井当地层流体侵入时,会使泡沫物性发生变化,直接影响泡沫在井筒的流动状态。基于计算流体力学和多相流的相关理论与研究方法,考虑地层流体的侵入,建立了泡沫在环空中流动的瞬态计算模型,分析了不同注液量、注气量和井口回压下井底压力随时间变化规律。研究结果表明,当注液量、注气量和井口回压不同时,地层流体侵入对井底压力的影响变化非常明显:地层水侵入使得井底压力增大,地层气体侵入使得井底压力降低;在地面可通过合理的设计注液量、注气量和井口回压来实现地层流体侵入时井底压力的控制。
During foam drilling, when the formation fluid flows into the annulus, foam properties will be changed,which can directly affect the flow state of foam in the wellbore. Based on the theories and research methods of computational fluid dynamics and multiphase flow, a transient calculation model of foam flow in the annulus was established considering the inflow of formation fluids. Under different fluid injection flow rates, gas injection flow rates and wellhead back pressures, the dynamic change of bottom hole pressure with time was analyzed. The results showed that when fluid injection flow rate, gas injection flow rate and wellhead back pressure were different, the influence of formation fluid intrusion on the bottom hole pressure was very obvious. The formation water intrusion caused the bottom hole pressure to increase, and the formation gas intrusion caused the bottom hole pressure to decrease. It's pointed out that the bottom hole pressure during formation fluid intrusion can be controlled by reasonable designing of fluid injection flow rate, gas injection flow rate and wellhead back pressure on the ground.
During foam drilling, when the formation fluid flows into the annulus, foam properties will be changed,which can directly affect the flow state of foam in the wellbore. Based on the theories and research methods of computational fluid dynamics and multiphase flow, a transient calculation model of foam flow in the annulus was established considering the inflow of formation fluids. Under different fluid injection flow rates, gas injection flow rates and wellhead back pressures, the dynamic change of bottom hole pressure with time was analyzed. The results showed that when fluid injection flow rate, gas injection flow rate and wellhead back pressure were different, the influence of formation fluid intrusion on the bottom hole pressure was very obvious. The formation water intrusion caused the bottom hole pressure to increase, and the formation gas intrusion caused the bottom hole pressure to decrease. It's pointed out that the bottom hole pressure during formation fluid intrusion can be controlled by reasonable designing of fluid injection flow rate, gas injection flow rate and wellhead back pressure on the ground.
引文
[1]明玉广,蓝强,李卉,刘振东,卜凡康.深井抗高温泡沫钻井液技术研究与现场试验[J].石油钻探技术,2018,10(24):1-12.
[2]鲁智伟.循环泡沫钻井工艺技术的应用[J].石化技术,2016,23(09):222+224.
[3]刘宗恩,韩兵奇,高旺熙.泡沫钻井与井筒多相流动试验装置研制[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(11):56-58.
[4]Beyer A H,Millhone R S,Foote R W.Flow behavior of foam as a well circulating fuild[R].SPE 3986,1972.
[5]Blauer R E,Mitchell B J,Kohlhaas C A.Determination of laminer,turbulent,and transitionnal foam flow losses in pipes[R].SPE 4885,1974.
[6]Sanghani V.Rheology of foam and its implications in drilling and cleanout operations:[dissertation][D].Oklahoma:The University of Tulsa,1982.
[7]Deshpande N S,Barigou M.The flow of gas liquid foams in vertical pipes[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2000,55:4297-4309.
[8]Guo B,Sun K,Ghalambor A.A closed form hydraulics equation for predicting bottom-hole pressure in UBD with foam[R].SPE 81640,2003.
[9]Dodge D W,Metzner A B.Flow of non-newtonian systems[J].AIChEJournal,1959,5(2):189-204.
[10]Fredrickson A G,Bird R B.Non-newtonian flow in Annuli[J].Ind And Eng Chemistry,1958,50(3):347-352.
[2]鲁智伟.循环泡沫钻井工艺技术的应用[J].石化技术,2016,23(09):222+224.
[3]刘宗恩,韩兵奇,高旺熙.泡沫钻井与井筒多相流动试验装置研制[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(11):56-58.
[4]Beyer A H,Millhone R S,Foote R W.Flow behavior of foam as a well circulating fuild[R].SPE 3986,1972.
[5]Blauer R E,Mitchell B J,Kohlhaas C A.Determination of laminer,turbulent,and transitionnal foam flow losses in pipes[R].SPE 4885,1974.
[6]Sanghani V.Rheology of foam and its implications in drilling and cleanout operations:[dissertation][D].Oklahoma:The University of Tulsa,1982.
[7]Deshpande N S,Barigou M.The flow of gas liquid foams in vertical pipes[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2000,55:4297-4309.
[8]Guo B,Sun K,Ghalambor A.A closed form hydraulics equation for predicting bottom-hole pressure in UBD with foam[R].SPE 81640,2003.
[9]Dodge D W,Metzner A B.Flow of non-newtonian systems[J].AIChEJournal,1959,5(2):189-204.
[10]Fredrickson A G,Bird R B.Non-newtonian flow in Annuli[J].Ind And Eng Chemistry,1958,50(3):347-352.