基于红外相机的四川亚丁国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性初报
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摘要
2017年5～11月,我们在四川亚丁国家级自然保护区内共布设64台红外相机,对保护区内的兽类和鸟类多样性进行了调查。经过8 394个相机工作日的调查,我们共鉴定出分属9目26科共56种的野生兽类和鸟类,其中国家Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物分别有5种和13种,被IUCN红色名录评估为濒危(EN)、易危(VU)、近危(NT)的野生动物分别有2种、3种和6种。相对多度指数居前三位的兽类和鸟类分别是毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)、珀氏长吻松鼠(Dremomys pernyi)、猕猴(Macaca mulatta)和血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)、大噪鹛(Garrulax maximus)、雉鹑(Tetraophasis obscurus)。本次调查初步了解了亚丁保护区内鸟兽的种类、丰富度、分布以及人为干扰情况,是亚丁国家级自然保护区第一次开展鸟兽的本底资源调查和研究。我们的调查结果对掌握亚丁国家级自然保护区的鸟兽种类和分布现状等本底资料具有重要意义,同时也为保护区今后的科研工作及开展野生动物的保护管理和长期监测提供了数据支持和指导。
To survey the diversity, abundance, and distribution of mammals and birds in the Yading National Nature Reserve we deployed 64 camera traps from May to November 2017. Across 8 394 trapping days, we recorded 56 species belonging to 9 orders and 26 families. Among the recorded species, five were Class Ⅰ and thirteen were Class Ⅱ national protected wildlife, and two were Endangered, three were Vulnerable, and six were Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus), Perny's long-nosed squirrel(Dremomys pernyi) and macaque(Macaca mulatta) were the three most abundant mammal species according to the relative abundance index. Blood pheasant(Ithaginis cruentus), giant laughingthrush(Garrulax maximus) and buff-throated partridge(Tetraophasis obscurus) were the three most abundant avian species. In addition to providing a preliminary evaluation of mammal and bird species in the Yading Nature Reserve, we also assessed the level of human disturbance. This is the first study to report direct and quantitative data on species occurrences in this reserve. We provide data and guidance to inform further research, wildlife conservation management, and long-term monitoring programs within the reserve. Ultimately, these baseline data are critical for evaluating the long-term population dynamics and developing effective conservation measures of the local wildlife.
To survey the diversity, abundance, and distribution of mammals and birds in the Yading National Nature Reserve we deployed 64 camera traps from May to November 2017. Across 8 394 trapping days, we recorded 56 species belonging to 9 orders and 26 families. Among the recorded species, five were Class Ⅰ and thirteen were Class Ⅱ national protected wildlife, and two were Endangered, three were Vulnerable, and six were Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus), Perny's long-nosed squirrel(Dremomys pernyi) and macaque(Macaca mulatta) were the three most abundant mammal species according to the relative abundance index. Blood pheasant(Ithaginis cruentus), giant laughingthrush(Garrulax maximus) and buff-throated partridge(Tetraophasis obscurus) were the three most abundant avian species. In addition to providing a preliminary evaluation of mammal and bird species in the Yading Nature Reserve, we also assessed the level of human disturbance. This is the first study to report direct and quantitative data on species occurrences in this reserve. We provide data and guidance to inform further research, wildlife conservation management, and long-term monitoring programs within the reserve. Ultimately, these baseline data are critical for evaluating the long-term population dynamics and developing effective conservation measures of the local wildlife.
引文
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Li Q,Wu J G,Kou X J,Feng L M.2013.Applications of camera trap in wildlife population ecology.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,24(4):947-955.(in Chinese)
Li S,McShea1 W J,Wang D J,Lu Z,Gu X D.2012.Gauging the impact of management expertise on the distribution of large mammals across protected areas.Diversity and Distribution,18(12):1166-1176.
Li S,Wang D J,Bu H L,Liu X G,Jin T.2016.Camera-trapping survey on the mammal diversity of the Laohegou Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province.Acta Theriologica Sinica,36(3):282-291.(in Chinese)
Li S,Wang D J,Xiao Z S,Li X H,Wang T M,Feng L M,Wang Y.2014.Camera-trapping in wildlife research and conservation in China:review and outlook.Biodiversity Science,22(6):685-695.(in Chinese)
Liu F,Li D Q,Wu J.2012.Using infra-red cameras to survey wildlife in Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve.Acta Ecologica Sinica,32(3):730-739.(in Chinese)
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Michalski F,Peres C A.2007.Disturbance-mediated mammal persistence and abundance-area relationships in Amazonian forest fragments.Conservation Biology,21(6):1626-1640.
O’Connell A F,Nichols J D,Karanth K U.2011.Camera traps in animal ecology methods and analyses.Springer,New York.
Peng J T.2004.Sustainable development of biodiversity in Ganzi Prefecture in the Hengduan Mountains on the Southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Proceedings of the eighth member congress and the ninth annual conference of Sichuan Zoological Society.Sichuan:Sichuan Zoological Society.(in Chinese)
Peng J T.2009.An investigation on snow leopard resources in Ganzi Prefecture in the Hengduan Mountains on the Southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,30(1):57-58,47.(in Chinese)
Ripple W J,Estes J A,Beschta R L,Wilmers C C,Ritchie E G,Hebblewhite M,Berger J,Elmhagen B,Letnic M,Nelson M P,Schmitz O J,Smith D W,Wallach A D,Wirsing A J.2014.Status and ecological effects of the world’s largest carnivores.Science,343:151.
Shi X G,Hu Q,Li J Q,Tang Z,Yang J,Li W J,Shen X L,Li S.2017.Camera-trapping surveys of the mammal and bird diversity in Wolong National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province.Biodiversity Science,25(10):1131–1136.(in Chinese)
Tang Z,Yang J,Liu X H,Wang P Y,Li Z Y.2017.Research on snow leopards (Panthera uncia) using camera-trapping in Wolong National Nature Reserve,China.Biodiversity Science,25(1):62-70.(in Chinese)
Terborgh J,Lopez L,Nuez P,Rao M,Shahabuddin G,Orihuela G,Riveros M,Ascanio R,Adler G H,Lambert T D,Balbas L.2001.Ecological meltdown in predator-free forest fragments.Science,294(5548):1923-1926.
Wang Y,Wang Y D,Tao S C,Chen X P,Kong Y P,Asif S,Ye C Y,Pang M .2014.Using infra-red camera trapping technology to monitor mammals along Karakorum Highway in Khunjerab National Park,Pakistan.Pakistan Journal of Zoology,46:725-731.
Wang D J,Li S,Mc Shea W J,Li M F.2006.Use of remote-trip cameras for wildlife surveys and evaluating the effectiveness of conservation activities at a nature reserve in Sichuan Province,China.Environmental Management,38:942-951.
Wang G H,Li S Q,Shi Z P,Wang S N,Ye J P,Zhou Q H.2016.Preliminary survey of mammal and bird diversity of Guangxi Maoershan National Nature Reserve-Based on infrared camera monitoring.Acta Theriologica Sinica,36(3):338-347.(in Chinese)
Wu P F,Liu X H,Cai Q,He X B,Melissa S,Zhu Y,Shao X M.2012.The application of infrared camera in mammal research in Guanyinshan Nature Reserve,Shaanxi.Acta Theriologica Sinica,32(1):67-71.(in Chinese)
Xiao Z S.2016.Wild life resource inventory using camera-trapping in Natural Rseves in China.Acta Theriologica Sinica,36(3):270-271.(in Chinese)
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