西藏多不杂铜矿床锶、钕、铪同位素特征及其地质意义
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摘要
探讨西藏自治区改则县多不杂铜矿床的成矿物质来源及成矿动力学原理。选择矿区内花岗闪长斑岩全岩、黄铁矿以及锆石样品,测试锶、钕、铪同位素组成。结果显示,多不杂铜矿床样品中的Sr初始值介于幔源镁铁质岩石Sr同位素的平均值和壳源硅铝质岩石Sr同位素的平均值之间,靠近幔源镁铁质岩石,暗示花岗闪长斑岩的原始岩浆起源于地幔,在上升侵位时与硅铝质地壳物质发生交换,使其具有壳幔混染特征;花岗闪长斑岩具有相对高(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i、低~(143) Nd/~(144) Nd的特征是交代富集地幔的反映,锶同位素的迁移行为与成矿元素相似,携带含矿物质的流体由斑岩体向围岩进行了迁移,并与围岩之间发生充填交代,导致变质砂岩含矿;锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值基本为正值,且变化范围较大,是有较多幔源组分参与成岩的标志,指示幔源岩浆作用过程中伴有地壳流体的混染。矿床成因综合研究初步揭示多不杂铜矿床是由地幔流体作用引发壳幔物质混染叠加成矿。
The Sr,Nd and Hf isotopic compositions from the granodiorite porphyry rocks,pyrite and zircon samples in Duobuza copper deposit of Tibet are studied so as to discuss the sources of oreforming materials and dynamic principle of the Duobuza copper deposit.It shows that the initial Sr values of the Duobuza copper deposit is in the average value range of mantle derived mafic rock and values of crust derived siliceous and aluminous rocks,and close to the parameter of mantle derived mafic rocks,suggesting that the primitive magma of granodiorite porphyry is originated from the mantle.In the process of magmatic emplacement,the mantle derived magma is exchange with crustal material of silica alumina and lead to the appearance of mantle crust mixation characteristics.The features of relatively high(~(87) Sr/~(86) Sr)iand low ~(143) Nd/~(144) Nd in the granodiorite porphyry is resulted from the metasomatic enrichment in the mantle.The migration of strontium isotope is similar to thatof ore-forming elements,and the metal ore-forming elements in the solution are moved from porphyry body to the wallrocks.In the migration process filling and metasomatism occur and the metamorphic sandstone becomes ore-bearing rock.TheεHf(t)values of zircon is basically positive and varied in a large range,as result of the addition of mantle material in the formation of rock,and from fluid contamination of mantle and crust.The comprehensive study of the ore deposit genesis reveals that the mantle fluid effect leads to crust-mantle hybridism and to the formation of superimposed mineralization.
The Sr,Nd and Hf isotopic compositions from the granodiorite porphyry rocks,pyrite and zircon samples in Duobuza copper deposit of Tibet are studied so as to discuss the sources of oreforming materials and dynamic principle of the Duobuza copper deposit.It shows that the initial Sr values of the Duobuza copper deposit is in the average value range of mantle derived mafic rock and values of crust derived siliceous and aluminous rocks,and close to the parameter of mantle derived mafic rocks,suggesting that the primitive magma of granodiorite porphyry is originated from the mantle.In the process of magmatic emplacement,the mantle derived magma is exchange with crustal material of silica alumina and lead to the appearance of mantle crust mixation characteristics.The features of relatively high(~(87) Sr/~(86) Sr)iand low ~(143) Nd/~(144) Nd in the granodiorite porphyry is resulted from the metasomatic enrichment in the mantle.The migration of strontium isotope is similar to thatof ore-forming elements,and the metal ore-forming elements in the solution are moved from porphyry body to the wallrocks.In the migration process filling and metasomatism occur and the metamorphic sandstone becomes ore-bearing rock.TheεHf(t)values of zircon is basically positive and varied in a large range,as result of the addition of mantle material in the formation of rock,and from fluid contamination of mantle and crust.The comprehensive study of the ore deposit genesis reveals that the mantle fluid effect leads to crust-mantle hybridism and to the formation of superimposed mineralization.
引文
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[3]吴福元,李献华,郑永飞,等.Lu-Hf同位素体系及其岩石学应用[J].岩石学报,2007,23(2):185-219.Wu F Y,Li X H,Zheng Y F,et al.Lu-Hf isotopic systematics and their applications in petrology[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2007,23(2):185-219.(in Chinese)
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[6]任纪舜,肖黎薇.1∶25万地质填图进一步揭开了青藏高原大地构造的神秘面纱[J].地质通报,2004,23(1):1-11.Ren J S,Xiao L W.Lifting the mysterious veil of the tectonics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by 1∶250000geological mapping[J].Regional Geology of China,2004,23(1):1-11.(in Chinese)
[7]李光明,段志明,刘波,等.西藏班公湖-怒江结合带北缘多龙地区侏罗纪增生杂岩的识别及意义[J].地质通报,2011,30(8):1256-1260.Li G M,Duan Z M,Liu B,et al.The discovery of Jurassic accretionary complexes in Duolong area,northern Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone,Tibet,and its geologic significance[J].Regional Geology of China,2011,30(8):1256-1260.(in Chinese)
[8]祝向平,陈华安,马东方,等.西藏多不杂斑岩铜金矿床地质与蚀变[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(2):199-206.Zhu X P,Chen H A,Ma D F,et al.Geology and alteration of the Duobuza porphyry copper-gold deposit in Tibet[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(2):199-206.(in Chinese)
[9]何阳阳.班怒西段多不杂铜矿床流体包裹体研究[D].成都:成都理工大学档案馆,2012.He Y Y.Study on the Fluid Inclusions of the Duobuza Copper Deposit in the Western Bangonghu-Nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet[D].Chengdu:The Archive of Chengdu University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[10]陈红旗,张天平,李玉昌,等.西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带西段铜多金属资源调查报告[R].拉萨:西藏自治区地质调查院,2011.Chen H Q,Zhang T P,Li Y C,et al.Resources Investigation Report of Copper Polymetallic in the Western Bangonghu-Nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet[R].Lhasa:Geological Survey of Tibet Autonomous Region,2011.(in Chinese)
[11]李金祥.班公湖带多不杂超大型富金斑岩铜矿床的成岩成矿年代学、岩石学及高氧化岩浆-流体-成矿作用[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2008.Li J X.Geochronology,Petrology and Metallogeneses of Strong Oxidation Magma-Hydrothermal Fluid of Duobuza Gold-Rich Porphyry Copper Deposit in Bangonghu Belt,Northern Tibet[D].Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.(in Chinese)
[12]周雄,温春齐,张学全,等.西藏邦铺大型钼铜多金属矿床Rb-Sr等时线年龄及地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2010,16(4):448-456.Zhou X,Wen C Q,Zhang X Q,et al.Rb-Sr isochron age dating of the Bangpu large-scale Mo-Cu polymetallic deposit,Tibet and its geological significance[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2010,16(4):448-456.(in Chinese)
[13]Palmer M R,Elderfield H.Sr isotope composition of seawater over the past 75Myr[J].Nature,1985,314(6011):526-528.
[14]Norman D I,Landis G P.Source of mineralizing components in hydrothermal ore fluids as evidenced by 87Sr/86Sr and stable isotope data from the Pasto Bueno deposit,Peru[J].Economic Geology,1983,78:451-465.
[15]Zindler A,Hart S R.Chemical geodynamics[J].Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci,1986,14:493-571.
[16]Yuan H L,Gao S,Dai M N,et al.Simultaneous determinations of U-Pb age,Hf isotopes and trace element compositions of zircon by excimer laserablation quadrupole and multiple-collector ICP-MS[J].Chemical Geology,2008,247:100-118.
[17]章荣清,陆建军,朱金初,等.湘南荷花坪花岗斑岩锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素制约及地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2010,16(4):436-447.Zhang R Q,Lu J J,Zhu J C,et al.Zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic compositions of Hehuaping granite porphyry,southern Hunan Province,and its geological significance[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2010,16(4):436-447.(in Chinese)
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[19]Li J X,Li G M,Qin K Z,et al.High-temperature magmatic fluid exsolved from magma at the Duobuza porphyry copper-gold deposit,Northern Tibet[J].Geofluids,2011,11:134-143.
[20]Li J X,Qin K Z,Li G M,et al.Magmatichydrothermal evolution of the Cretaceous Duolong gold-rich porphyry copper deposit in the Bangongco metallogenic belt,Tibet:Evidence from U-Pb and40 Ar/39 Ar geochronology[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2011,41:525-536.
[21]Zhou X,Fei G C,Zhou Y,et al.Chronology and crust-mantle mixing of ore-forming porphyry of the Bangongco:Evidence from zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotopes of the Naruo porphyry copper-gold deposit[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),2015,89(1):217-228.
[22]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡,等.西藏多不杂铜矿区曲色组砂岩化学组分特征及构造背景[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(1):113-118.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F,et al.Chemical component characteristics of sandstone and recognition to tectonic setting of the Quse Group of the Duobuza copper deposit,Tibet,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,41(1):113-118.(in Chinese)
[23]曲晓明,辛洪波.藏西班公湖斑岩铜矿带的形成时代与成矿构造环境[J].地质通报,2006,25(4):792-799.Qu X M,Xin H B.Ages and tectonic environment of the Bangong Co porphyry copper belt in western Tibet,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2006,25(4):792-799.(in Chinese)
[24]辛洪波,曲晓明,王瑞江,等.藏西班公湖斑岩铜矿带成矿斑岩地球化学及Pb、Sr、Nd同位素特征[J].矿床地质,2009,28(6):785-792.Xin H B,Qu X M,Wang R J,et al.Geochemistry and Pb,Sr,Nd isotopic features of ore-bearing porphyries in Bangong lake porphyry copper belt,western Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,2009,28(6):785-792.(in Chinese)
[25]李玉彬,多吉,钟婉婷,等.西藏改则县多不杂斑岩型铜金矿床勘查模型[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(2):274-287.Li Y B,Duo J,Zhong W T,et al.An exploration model of the Duobuza porphyry Cu-Au deposit in Gaize Country,northern Tibet[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(2):274-287.(in Chinese)
[26]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡.西藏多不杂铜矿床硫铅同位素地球化学示踪[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2016,35(5):855-862.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F.Sulfur and lead isotope geochemical tracing of the Duobuza copper deposits,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2016,35(5):855-862.(in Chinese)
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