正火态抗酸管线钢的氢致开裂
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摘要
为了研究正火态BNS抗酸管线钢的氢致开裂行为,对该钢进行了硫化氢腐蚀试验,检验了其氢致裂纹(HIC)敏感性。通过光镜(OM)、扫面电镜(SEM)并结合电子探针分析(EPMA)、显微硬度等方法,从显微组织、裂纹形貌、中心偏析、硬度等方面分析了BNS管线钢的氢致开裂行为。结果表明:正火态BNS管线钢中C、Mn元素中心偏析导致了高硬度的珠光体带状组织,这种带状组织是厚度心部大尺寸一字型氢致裂纹的主要裂纹源和扩展通道,裂纹进行穿晶型扩展;微小的氢致裂纹起源于钙铝酸盐类夹杂物处,当夹杂物周围不存在合适的裂纹扩展通道时,微小裂纹不会扩展形成大尺寸裂纹。
In order to study the hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of normalized BNS HIC-resistance pipeline steel,the hydrogen induced cracking sensitivity of the steel was tested by hydrogen sulfide corrosion experiment. By means of optical microscope( OM),scanning electron microscope( SEM),electron probe analyzer( EPMA) and microhardness tester,the hydrogen induced cracking behavior of the BNS pipeline steel was analyzed from the aspects of microstructure,crack morphology,center segregation and hardness. The results indicate that the high hardness pearlite banded structure is caused by central segregation of C and Mn elements,and such banded structure is the main crack source and propagation path for the long-size,one-dimensional hydrogen induced crack in the center of thickness,and the crack propagates transgranularly. Some small-size hydrogen induced cracks originated from calcium aluminate inclusions. However,when there is no appropriate crack propagation path around the calcium aluminate inclusions,the small-size hydrogen induced cracks will not propagate to form long-size cracks.
In order to study the hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of normalized BNS HIC-resistance pipeline steel,the hydrogen induced cracking sensitivity of the steel was tested by hydrogen sulfide corrosion experiment. By means of optical microscope( OM),scanning electron microscope( SEM),electron probe analyzer( EPMA) and microhardness tester,the hydrogen induced cracking behavior of the BNS pipeline steel was analyzed from the aspects of microstructure,crack morphology,center segregation and hardness. The results indicate that the high hardness pearlite banded structure is caused by central segregation of C and Mn elements,and such banded structure is the main crack source and propagation path for the long-size,one-dimensional hydrogen induced crack in the center of thickness,and the crack propagates transgranularly. Some small-size hydrogen induced cracks originated from calcium aluminate inclusions. However,when there is no appropriate crack propagation path around the calcium aluminate inclusions,the small-size hydrogen induced cracks will not propagate to form long-size cracks.
引文
[1]张雁,蔡庆伍,谢广宇.显微组织对X65~X70管线钢抗H2S性能的影响[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2007,19(6):406-409.Zhang Yan,Cai Qingwu,Xie Guangyu. Influence of microstructure on HIC-resistance in H2S containing solutions of high strength pipeline steel X65~X70[J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2007,19(6):406-409.
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[8]Serna S,Campillo B,Albarran J L. Crack growth in microalloyed pipeline steel for sour gas transport[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2005,14(2):224-228.
[9]张清清,章传国,郑磊.热处理对X65抗酸管线钢抗HIC性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(11):123-128.Zhang Qingqing, Zhuang Chuanguo, Zheng Lei. Effect of heat treatment on hydrogen-induced cracking resistance of X65 pipeline steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(11):123-128.
[10]章传国,郑磊.成分工艺对X65抗HIC管线钢组织性能的影响[J].宝钢技术,2015(2):23-26.Zhang Chuanguo,Zheng Lei. Effect of composition and process on microstructure and properties for X65 HIC-resistance pipeline steel[J]. BaoGang Ji Shu,2015(2):23-26.
[11]周琦,季根顺,张建斌,等,管线钢中的硫化夹杂物与氢致开裂[J].材料工程,2002(9):37-39.Zhou Qi,Ji Gengshun,Zhang Jianbing,et al. The effect of sulfides on hydrogen-induced cracking of pipe-line steel[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering,2002(9):37-39.
[12]镇凡,刘静,黄峰,等,夹杂物对X120管线钢氢致开裂的影响[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2010,30(2):145-149.Zhen Fan,Liu Jing,Huang Feng,et al. Effect of the nonmetallic inclusions on the HIC behavior of X120 pipeline steel[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection,2010,30(2):145-149.
[13]Huang F,Liu J,Deng Z J,et al. Effect of microstructure and inclusions on hydrogen induced cracking susceptibility and hydrogen trapping efficiency of X120 pipeline steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2010,527(26):6997-2001.
[2]程吉浩,刘静,黄蜂,等,贝氏体组织管线钢的氢致开裂行为[J].腐蚀与防护,2010,31(11):833-836.Cheng Jihao,Liu Jing,Huang Feng,et al. Hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of bainite pipeline steel[J]. Corrosion and Protection,2010,31(11):833-836.
[3]Gyu Tae Park, Sung Ung Koh, Hwan Gyo Jung. Effect of microstructure on the hydrogen efficiency and hydrogen induced cracking of linepipe steel[J]. Corrosion Science, 2008, 50:1866-1871.
[4]彭先华,刘静,黄峰,等.微观组织对管线钢氢致裂纹扩展方式及氢捕获效率的影响[J].腐蚀与防护,2013,34(10):882-885.Peng Xianhua,Liu Jing,Huang Feng,et al. Effect of microstructure on hydrogen-induced cracking propagation and hydrogen trapping efficiency of pipeline steel[J]. Corrosion and Protection,2013,34(10):882-885.
[5]周琦.管线钢在硫化氢水溶液中的台阶状氢致开裂分析[J].金属热处理,2004,29(3):52-57.Zhou Qi. Analysis on Stepwise HIC of pipeline steel in aqueous H2S solutions[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2004,29(3):52-57.
[6]陈健,汪兵,胡亮,等.偏析对X65管线钢抗氢致裂纹性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(4):126-132.Chen Jian,Wang Bing,Hu Liang,et al. Effect of segregation on hydrogen induced crack properties of X65 pipeline steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36(4):126-132.
[7]李云涛,杜则裕,孙娈芬,等.高强度管线钢的抗氢致裂纹性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2008,20(12):50-54.Li Yuntao,Du Zeyu,Sun Luanfen,et al. Resistance to HIC of high grade pipeline steels[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2008,20(12):50-54.
[8]Serna S,Campillo B,Albarran J L. Crack growth in microalloyed pipeline steel for sour gas transport[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2005,14(2):224-228.
[9]张清清,章传国,郑磊.热处理对X65抗酸管线钢抗HIC性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(11):123-128.Zhang Qingqing, Zhuang Chuanguo, Zheng Lei. Effect of heat treatment on hydrogen-induced cracking resistance of X65 pipeline steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(11):123-128.
[10]章传国,郑磊.成分工艺对X65抗HIC管线钢组织性能的影响[J].宝钢技术,2015(2):23-26.Zhang Chuanguo,Zheng Lei. Effect of composition and process on microstructure and properties for X65 HIC-resistance pipeline steel[J]. BaoGang Ji Shu,2015(2):23-26.
[11]周琦,季根顺,张建斌,等,管线钢中的硫化夹杂物与氢致开裂[J].材料工程,2002(9):37-39.Zhou Qi,Ji Gengshun,Zhang Jianbing,et al. The effect of sulfides on hydrogen-induced cracking of pipe-line steel[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering,2002(9):37-39.
[12]镇凡,刘静,黄峰,等,夹杂物对X120管线钢氢致开裂的影响[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2010,30(2):145-149.Zhen Fan,Liu Jing,Huang Feng,et al. Effect of the nonmetallic inclusions on the HIC behavior of X120 pipeline steel[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection,2010,30(2):145-149.
[13]Huang F,Liu J,Deng Z J,et al. Effect of microstructure and inclusions on hydrogen induced cracking susceptibility and hydrogen trapping efficiency of X120 pipeline steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2010,527(26):6997-2001.