饲粮不同蛋白水平对热区肉兔生长性能、营养物质利用的影响
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摘要
研究旨在探讨饲粮不同蛋白质水平对热区断奶至2月龄新西兰兔生长性能、营养物质利用的影响。100只35日龄断奶新西兰仔兔随机分为5组,每组20个重复,每个重复1只兔,试验兔雌雄各半,分别饲喂不同蛋白质水平饲粮,蛋白质含量分别为12.16%、14.23%、16.29%、18.31%和20.10%,试验期为30 d。结果表明,和蛋白质含量12%组相比,各饲粮组日增重分别提高7.42%(P>0.05)、22.82%(P<0.05)、20.87%(P<0.05)和23.04%(P<0.05),与蛋白质含量14.23%组相比,高蛋白质组的平均日增重分别提高14.34%(P>0.05)、12.51%(P>0.05)和14.54%(P>0.05),饲粮蛋白质16.29%、18.31%和20.10%组的平均日增重差异不显著(P>0.05)。各试验组的平均日采食量和料重比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。随着蛋白质水平的提高,能量、干物质、有机物及粗纤维的消化率差异不显著;粗蛋白质的消化率在12.16%～16.29%呈线性提高趋势,16.29%～20.10%间差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑,在热区的夏季,断奶至2月龄肉兔的饲粮粗蛋白水平以16.29%为宜。
The study was to investigate the effects of different protein levels on the growth performance and nutrient utilization of New Zealand rabbits in the hot climatic zone from weaning to 2 months old. A total of 100, 35-day-old weaned New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups for 20 replicates of one rabbits each, and the test rabbits were 1/2 male and female, and feeding different protein level diets which content 12.16%, 14.23%, 16.29%, 18.31%and 20.10%, respectively, the experiment lasted for 30 d. The results showed that compared with the protein content of12%, the daily weight gain(ADG) of each diet group increased by 7.42%(P>0.05), 22.82%(P<0.05), 20.87%(P<0.05) and23.04%(P<0.05), compared with the protein content of 14.23%, the ADG in high protein level group increased by 14.34%(P>0.05), 12.51%(P>0.05) and 14.54%(P>0.05). The difference in ADG was not significant among 16.29%, 18.31% and20.10% groups. There were no significant differences in ADFI and F/G among the test groups. With the increase of protein level, the digestibility of energy, dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber was not significant difference, the digestibility of crude protein increased linearly from 12.16% to 16.29%. There was no significant difference between 16.29% and 20.10%. In conclusion, in the summer of the hot zone, the dietary crude protein level of weaned to 2 months old rabbits was 16.29%.
The study was to investigate the effects of different protein levels on the growth performance and nutrient utilization of New Zealand rabbits in the hot climatic zone from weaning to 2 months old. A total of 100, 35-day-old weaned New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups for 20 replicates of one rabbits each, and the test rabbits were 1/2 male and female, and feeding different protein level diets which content 12.16%, 14.23%, 16.29%, 18.31%and 20.10%, respectively, the experiment lasted for 30 d. The results showed that compared with the protein content of12%, the daily weight gain(ADG) of each diet group increased by 7.42%(P>0.05), 22.82%(P<0.05), 20.87%(P<0.05) and23.04%(P<0.05), compared with the protein content of 14.23%, the ADG in high protein level group increased by 14.34%(P>0.05), 12.51%(P>0.05) and 14.54%(P>0.05). The difference in ADG was not significant among 16.29%, 18.31% and20.10% groups. There were no significant differences in ADFI and F/G among the test groups. With the increase of protein level, the digestibility of energy, dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber was not significant difference, the digestibility of crude protein increased linearly from 12.16% to 16.29%. There was no significant difference between 16.29% and 20.10%. In conclusion, in the summer of the hot zone, the dietary crude protein level of weaned to 2 months old rabbits was 16.29%.
引文
[1]赵国先,王余丁,李运起,等.低蛋白日粮添加氨基酸对肉兔增重及屠宰性能的影响[J].中国养兔杂志,1997(1):20-23.
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[5]吕建敏,程鉴冰,屠珏,等.日粮粗蛋白质水平对生长期实验兔生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(1):75-81.
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[7]朱长彬.家兔热应激及其缓解措施[J].畜牧市场,2010(7):51-52.
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[9]冯军.日粮蛋白质水平对生长獭兔生长性能、氮代谢以及小肠蛋白酶活的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2012.
[10]王玉玺.肉用兔生长阶段能量需要量研究[J].山东农业大学学报,1991(6):137-145.
[11]高琴,隋萧一,李福昌,等.不同蛋白质水平饲粮对肉兔骨骼肌发育及相关因子表达的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(9):1613-1618.
[12] Fasanya O O A, Ijaiya M O. Effect of varying levels of dietary protein on the performance of rabbits[J]. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production,2002, 29(2):168-175.
[13] Grace T, Shade A S, Emmanuel O. Effect of protein level and flushing method on the reproductive performance of rabbits[J]. Animal Science Journal, 2005, 76:209-215.
[14] Fatufe A A, Matanmi I O, A. O. Alalade. Performance and carcass characteristics of growing rabbits fed bacterial protein meal[J]. African Journal of Feed Agriculture Nutrition and Development, 2010, 10(4):2413-2426.
[15] Marco T, Marco B, Eirini F, et al. Increasing dietary energy with starch and soluble fibre and reducing ADF at different protein levels for growing rabbits[J]. Agriculture Conspectus Scientifics, 2013, 78(3):235-239.
[16]陈风虎.高蛋白日粮对家兔的危害[J].黑龙江农垦师专学报,1999(3):52-53.
[17]隋啸一,高琴,刘磊,等.饲粮蛋白质水平对家兔食欲肽基因表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(9):2947-2954.
[18] Lebellego L, Vanmilen J, Noblet J. Effect of high temperature and lowprotein diets on the performance of growing-finishing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2002, 80(3):691-701.
[19] Kerr B J, Easter R A. Effect of feeding reduced protein amino acidsupplement supplemented diets on nitriogen and energy balance in grower pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 1990,73(10):3000-3008.
[20]Omole T A. The effect of dietary protein on growth and reproduction performance in rabbits[J]. Journal of Applied Rabbit Research, 1982, 5:83.
[21]李秋凤,韩永利,李建国.兔热应激及其营养调控[J].中国饲料,2003(13):18-19.
[22]申芳丽,任战军,蔺艳霞,等.不同粗蛋白、消化能水平对商品獭兔生产性能的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(6):86-89.
[23]任克良,李燕平,梁全忠,等.断奶至出栏期生长獭兔营养水平的研究[J].中国养兔,2004(4):17-19.
[24]祝素珍.日粮不同能量水平对新西兰生长兔生产性能、营养物质利用、盲肠发酵和肉质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2003.
[25]李福昌.家兔蛋白质和氨基酸营养的新概念和目标[J].中国养兔杂志,2008(7):16-20.
[2]慧文森.日粮蛋白质水平对日本大耳白兔生产性能和营养物质利用的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2005.
[3]李建民,侯玉泽,李道民.日粮中不同蛋白质水平对生长肉兔生产性能的影响[J].河南畜牧兽医,2005(5):11-12.
[4]卢艳敏,赵国先.家兔蛋白质、氨基酸营养研究进展[J].中国养兔,2003(1):32-34.
[5]吕建敏,程鉴冰,屠珏,等.日粮粗蛋白质水平对生长期实验兔生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(1):75-81.
[6]雷秋霞.日粮不同蛋白水平对生长肉兔生产性能、营养物质利用免疫及蛋白酶活的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2003.
[7]朱长彬.家兔热应激及其缓解措施[J].畜牧市场,2010(7):51-52.
[8]刘旭.日粮蛋白水平对热应激肉兔生长和养分代谢的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[9]冯军.日粮蛋白质水平对生长獭兔生长性能、氮代谢以及小肠蛋白酶活的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2012.
[10]王玉玺.肉用兔生长阶段能量需要量研究[J].山东农业大学学报,1991(6):137-145.
[11]高琴,隋萧一,李福昌,等.不同蛋白质水平饲粮对肉兔骨骼肌发育及相关因子表达的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(9):1613-1618.
[12] Fasanya O O A, Ijaiya M O. Effect of varying levels of dietary protein on the performance of rabbits[J]. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production,2002, 29(2):168-175.
[13] Grace T, Shade A S, Emmanuel O. Effect of protein level and flushing method on the reproductive performance of rabbits[J]. Animal Science Journal, 2005, 76:209-215.
[14] Fatufe A A, Matanmi I O, A. O. Alalade. Performance and carcass characteristics of growing rabbits fed bacterial protein meal[J]. African Journal of Feed Agriculture Nutrition and Development, 2010, 10(4):2413-2426.
[15] Marco T, Marco B, Eirini F, et al. Increasing dietary energy with starch and soluble fibre and reducing ADF at different protein levels for growing rabbits[J]. Agriculture Conspectus Scientifics, 2013, 78(3):235-239.
[16]陈风虎.高蛋白日粮对家兔的危害[J].黑龙江农垦师专学报,1999(3):52-53.
[17]隋啸一,高琴,刘磊,等.饲粮蛋白质水平对家兔食欲肽基因表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(9):2947-2954.
[18] Lebellego L, Vanmilen J, Noblet J. Effect of high temperature and lowprotein diets on the performance of growing-finishing pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2002, 80(3):691-701.
[19] Kerr B J, Easter R A. Effect of feeding reduced protein amino acidsupplement supplemented diets on nitriogen and energy balance in grower pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 1990,73(10):3000-3008.
[20]Omole T A. The effect of dietary protein on growth and reproduction performance in rabbits[J]. Journal of Applied Rabbit Research, 1982, 5:83.
[21]李秋凤,韩永利,李建国.兔热应激及其营养调控[J].中国饲料,2003(13):18-19.
[22]申芳丽,任战军,蔺艳霞,等.不同粗蛋白、消化能水平对商品獭兔生产性能的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(6):86-89.
[23]任克良,李燕平,梁全忠,等.断奶至出栏期生长獭兔营养水平的研究[J].中国养兔,2004(4):17-19.
[24]祝素珍.日粮不同能量水平对新西兰生长兔生产性能、营养物质利用、盲肠发酵和肉质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2003.
[25]李福昌.家兔蛋白质和氨基酸营养的新概念和目标[J].中国养兔杂志,2008(7):16-20.