澳大利亚东部S区块煤层气储层特征及有利区预测
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摘要
开发技术较成熟、需求量大等为澳大利亚东部S区块的低煤阶煤层气开发提供了良好的条件,但是缺乏系统性的关于低煤阶煤层气储层特征的研究。利用研究区的低煤阶煤层气区块的钻井、测井以及煤岩取心分析等资料开展煤层发育、煤质特征、储层物性、含气性以及保存条件等储层特征的研究。在此基础上,利用多层次模糊评价方法预测S区块的开发有利区。结果表明:澳大利亚东部S区块发育有6套中—高灰分长焰煤,累计厚度25 m,宏观上煤质以半亮煤—亮煤为主,显微组分中镜质组含量最高;孔隙结构以中孔和大孔为主,割理和裂缝较发育,渗透率为399.85 mD;含气质量体积平均为3.65 m3/t;良好的水文地质条件以及温度压力系统也在一定程度上保证了煤层气的富集。开发有利区分布主要受到含气量、累计厚度以及渗透率等因素控制。综合认为:澳大利亚东部S区块低煤阶煤层气资源具有较好的开发潜力。
The mature development technology and large demands of coalbed methane provide favorable conditions for the development of low rank coalbed methane in S block of eastern Australia. However,there is a lack of systematic research on the characteristics of low rank coalbed methane reservoirs. Therefore,the reservoir characteristics such as coal seam development,coal quality characteristics,reservoir physical properties,gasbearing property and preservation condition for low rank CBM were studied by using drilling,logging and coreanalysis data from S block,eastern Australia. On this basis,a multi-level fuzzy evaluation method was applied to predict favorable areas in S block. The results show that there are six sets of long flame coal with medium-high ash and a cumulative thickness of 25 m are developed in the study areas. Macroscopically,the coal is mainly composed of semi-bright coal and bright coal,the content of vitrinite is the highest in macerals,and vitrine is the dominated microstructure in coal. The pore structure is mainly mesopores and macrospores,cleats and fractures are relatively developed,and the permeability is 399.85 m D. The average gas content is 4.3 m3/t,and good hydrogeological conditions and temperature,pressure system also ensure the enrichment of coalbed methane to a certain extent. The distribution of favorable areas is mainly controlled by gas content,cumulative thickness and permeability. It is considered that the low rank coalbed methane resources in S block of eastern Australia have good potential for development.
The mature development technology and large demands of coalbed methane provide favorable conditions for the development of low rank coalbed methane in S block of eastern Australia. However,there is a lack of systematic research on the characteristics of low rank coalbed methane reservoirs. Therefore,the reservoir characteristics such as coal seam development,coal quality characteristics,reservoir physical properties,gasbearing property and preservation condition for low rank CBM were studied by using drilling,logging and coreanalysis data from S block,eastern Australia. On this basis,a multi-level fuzzy evaluation method was applied to predict favorable areas in S block. The results show that there are six sets of long flame coal with medium-high ash and a cumulative thickness of 25 m are developed in the study areas. Macroscopically,the coal is mainly composed of semi-bright coal and bright coal,the content of vitrinite is the highest in macerals,and vitrine is the dominated microstructure in coal. The pore structure is mainly mesopores and macrospores,cleats and fractures are relatively developed,and the permeability is 399.85 m D. The average gas content is 4.3 m3/t,and good hydrogeological conditions and temperature,pressure system also ensure the enrichment of coalbed methane to a certain extent. The distribution of favorable areas is mainly controlled by gas content,cumulative thickness and permeability. It is considered that the low rank coalbed methane resources in S block of eastern Australia have good potential for development.
引文
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[9]薛光武,刘鸿福,要惠芳,等.渭北盆地韩城开发区煤层气储层特征分析.太原理工大学学报,2012,43(2):185-189.XUE G W,LIU H F,YAO H F,et al.Features of coalbed methane reservoir in development zone of Hancheng in Weibei Basin.Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2012,43(2):185-189.
[10]淮银超,杨龙伟,欧栋.S区块煤层测井识别截止值研究.国外测井技术,2016,37(6):22-24.HUAI Y C,YANG L W,OU D.Research of logs cutoff for coal identification in S block.World Well Logging Technology,2016,37(6):22-24.
[11]刘贻军,曾祥洲,胡刚,等.贵州煤层气储层特征及勘探开发技术对策:以比德一三塘盆地为例.煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(1):71-74.LIU Y J,ZENG X Z,HU G,et al.Characteristics and technical measures of exploration and development of coalbed methane reservoir in Guizhou province:a case of Bide-Santang area.Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(1):71-74.
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[13]张宏,姚艳斌,刘大锰,等.红阳煤田煤层气赋存特征及有利区预测.煤炭科学技术,2008,36(3):92-95.ZHONG H,YAO Y B,LIU D M,et al.Coal bed methane deposit features and prediction of prefect target area in Hongyang coal fie1d.Coal Science and Technology,2008,36(3):92-95.
[14]黄文,徐宏杰,张孟江,等.贵州省织纳煤田煤层特征及煤层气资源潜力.天然气工业,2013,33(8):25-30.HUANG W,XU H J,ZHANG M J,et al.Characteristics and CBM potentials of coal seams in the Zhina Coalfield,Guizhou.Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(8):25-30.
[15]杨新辉.黄陇煤田煤层气储层特征.煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(4):41-45.YANG X H.Characteristics of CBM reservoir in HuanglingLongxian coalfield.Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(4):41-45.
[16]周三栋,刘大锰,孙邵华,等.准噶尔盆地南缘硫磺沟煤层气富集主控地质因素及有利区优选.现代地质,2015,29(1):179-189.ZHOU S D,LIU D M,SUN S H,et al.Factors affecting coalbed methane enrichment and CBM favorable area of Liuhuanggou area in the southern Jungger Basin.Geoscience,2015,29(1):179-189.
[17]SCOTT S,ANDERSON B,CROSDALE P,et al.Coal petrology and coal seam gas contents of the Walloon Subgroup-Surat Basin,Queensland,Australia.International Journal of Coal Geology,2007(70):209-222.
[18]淮银超,张铭,杨龙伟,等.基于相控的煤层气藏三维地质建模.地球科学与环境学报,2017,39(2):275-285.HUAI Y C,ZHANG M,YANG L W,et al.Facies-controlled three-dimensional geological modeling for coalbed methane reservoir.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2017,39(2):275-285.
[19]杨敏芳,孙斌,孙粉锦,等.潮水盆地煤层气储层特征及勘探潜力.天然气工业,2013,33(2);12-16.YANG M F,SUN B,SUN F J,et al.Characteristics of CBM gas reservoirs and their exploration potential in the Chaoshui Basin,northern Hexi Corridor.Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(2);12-16.
[20]伊伟,熊先钺,王伟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地合阳地区煤层气赋存特征研究.岩性油气藏,2015,27(2):38-45.YI W,XIONG X Y,WANG W,et al.Study on occurrence features of coalbed methane in Heyang area,Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(2):38-45.
[21]李琼,何建军,曹均.沁水盆地和顺地区煤层气储层物性特征.石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(5):734-739.LI Q,HE J J,CAO J.Physical characteristics of coalbed methane reservoir in Heshun area of Qinshui Basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(5):734-739.
[22]吴雅琴,邵国良,徐耀辉,等.煤层气开发地质单元划分及开发方式优化:以沁水盆地郑庄区块为例.岩性油气藏,2016,28(6):125-133.WU Y Q,SHAO G L,XU Y H,et al.Geological unit division and development model optimization of coalbed methane:a case study from Zhengzhuang block in Qinshui Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(6):125-133.
[23]康园园,邵先杰,石磊,等.煤层气开发目标区精选体系与方法研究.岩性油气藏,2011,23(1):62-66.KANG Y Y,SHAO X J,SHI L,et al.Study on system and method of ranking coalbed methane development perspectives.Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(1):62-66.
[2]艾林,周明顺,张杰,等.基于煤岩脆性指数的煤体结构测井定量判识.岩性油气藏,2017,29(2):139-144.AI L,ZHOU M S,ZHANG J,et al.Quantitative identification of coal structure based on coal rock brittleness index by logging data.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(2):139-144.
[3]孙建博,姜呈馥,尹锦涛,等.鄂尔多斯盆地宜川地区煤层气储层特征及勘探潜力分析.中国煤层气,2014,11(5):7-10.SUN J B,JIANG C F,YIN J T,et al.Characteristics of CBMreservoirs and exploration potential in Yichuan region of Ordos Basin.China Coalbed Methane,2014,11(5):7-10.
[4]张建博,王红岩,赵庆波.中国煤层气地质.北京:地质出版社,2000.ZHANG J B,WANG H Y,ZHAO Q B.Coal-bed gas geology in China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000.
[5]PAPEMDOCK S L,DOWNS K R,VO K D,et al.Biogenic methane potential for Surat Basin,Queensland coal seams.International Journal of Coal Geology,2011(88):123-134.
[6]李志华,李胜利,于兴河,等.澳洲Bowen-Surat盆地煤层气富集规律及主控因素.煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(6):29-33.LI Z H,LI S L,YU X H,et al.Coal bed methane enrichment regularities and controlling factors in Bowen-Surat Basin,Australia.Coal Geology&Exploration,2014,42(6):29-33.
[7]黄籍中.四川盆地页岩气与煤层气勘探前景分析.岩性油气藏,2009,21(2):116-120.HUANG J Z.Exploration prospect of shale gas and coal-bed methane in Sichuan Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2009,21(2):116-120.
[8]张廷山,何映颉,伍坤宇,等.筠连地区上二叠统宣威组沉积相及聚煤控制因素.岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):1-10.ZHANG T S,HE Y J,WU K Y,et al.Sedimentary facies and controlling factors of coal accumulation of the Upper Permian Xuanwei Formation in Junlian area.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(1):1-10.
[9]薛光武,刘鸿福,要惠芳,等.渭北盆地韩城开发区煤层气储层特征分析.太原理工大学学报,2012,43(2):185-189.XUE G W,LIU H F,YAO H F,et al.Features of coalbed methane reservoir in development zone of Hancheng in Weibei Basin.Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2012,43(2):185-189.
[10]淮银超,杨龙伟,欧栋.S区块煤层测井识别截止值研究.国外测井技术,2016,37(6):22-24.HUAI Y C,YANG L W,OU D.Research of logs cutoff for coal identification in S block.World Well Logging Technology,2016,37(6):22-24.
[11]刘贻军,曾祥洲,胡刚,等.贵州煤层气储层特征及勘探开发技术对策:以比德一三塘盆地为例.煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(1):71-74.LIU Y J,ZENG X Z,HU G,et al.Characteristics and technical measures of exploration and development of coalbed methane reservoir in Guizhou province:a case of Bide-Santang area.Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(1):71-74.
[12]肖本万.西山煤田马兰矿煤层气储层特征与含气性分析.中国煤炭,2017,43(6):42-45.XIAO B W.Analysis of characteristics and gas-bearing capacity of coalbed methane reservoir in Malan mine of Xishan coal field.China Coal,2017,43(6):42-45.
[13]张宏,姚艳斌,刘大锰,等.红阳煤田煤层气赋存特征及有利区预测.煤炭科学技术,2008,36(3):92-95.ZHONG H,YAO Y B,LIU D M,et al.Coal bed methane deposit features and prediction of prefect target area in Hongyang coal fie1d.Coal Science and Technology,2008,36(3):92-95.
[14]黄文,徐宏杰,张孟江,等.贵州省织纳煤田煤层特征及煤层气资源潜力.天然气工业,2013,33(8):25-30.HUANG W,XU H J,ZHANG M J,et al.Characteristics and CBM potentials of coal seams in the Zhina Coalfield,Guizhou.Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(8):25-30.
[15]杨新辉.黄陇煤田煤层气储层特征.煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(4):41-45.YANG X H.Characteristics of CBM reservoir in HuanglingLongxian coalfield.Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(4):41-45.
[16]周三栋,刘大锰,孙邵华,等.准噶尔盆地南缘硫磺沟煤层气富集主控地质因素及有利区优选.现代地质,2015,29(1):179-189.ZHOU S D,LIU D M,SUN S H,et al.Factors affecting coalbed methane enrichment and CBM favorable area of Liuhuanggou area in the southern Jungger Basin.Geoscience,2015,29(1):179-189.
[17]SCOTT S,ANDERSON B,CROSDALE P,et al.Coal petrology and coal seam gas contents of the Walloon Subgroup-Surat Basin,Queensland,Australia.International Journal of Coal Geology,2007(70):209-222.
[18]淮银超,张铭,杨龙伟,等.基于相控的煤层气藏三维地质建模.地球科学与环境学报,2017,39(2):275-285.HUAI Y C,ZHANG M,YANG L W,et al.Facies-controlled three-dimensional geological modeling for coalbed methane reservoir.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2017,39(2):275-285.
[19]杨敏芳,孙斌,孙粉锦,等.潮水盆地煤层气储层特征及勘探潜力.天然气工业,2013,33(2);12-16.YANG M F,SUN B,SUN F J,et al.Characteristics of CBM gas reservoirs and their exploration potential in the Chaoshui Basin,northern Hexi Corridor.Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(2);12-16.
[20]伊伟,熊先钺,王伟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地合阳地区煤层气赋存特征研究.岩性油气藏,2015,27(2):38-45.YI W,XIONG X Y,WANG W,et al.Study on occurrence features of coalbed methane in Heyang area,Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(2):38-45.
[21]李琼,何建军,曹均.沁水盆地和顺地区煤层气储层物性特征.石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(5):734-739.LI Q,HE J J,CAO J.Physical characteristics of coalbed methane reservoir in Heshun area of Qinshui Basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(5):734-739.
[22]吴雅琴,邵国良,徐耀辉,等.煤层气开发地质单元划分及开发方式优化:以沁水盆地郑庄区块为例.岩性油气藏,2016,28(6):125-133.WU Y Q,SHAO G L,XU Y H,et al.Geological unit division and development model optimization of coalbed methane:a case study from Zhengzhuang block in Qinshui Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(6):125-133.
[23]康园园,邵先杰,石磊,等.煤层气开发目标区精选体系与方法研究.岩性油气藏,2011,23(1):62-66.KANG Y Y,SHAO X J,SHI L,et al.Study on system and method of ranking coalbed methane development perspectives.Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(1):62-66.