纳米矿物基土壤调理剂对水稻富集镉的影响
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摘要
将纳米矿物基土壤调理剂应用于镉污染耕地水稻种植,施用土壤调理剂对水稻产量无显著影响,但可显著降低稻米中的镉含量,也可以有效降低土壤中有效态镉的含量。施用该土壤调理剂1 500~4 500 kg/hm2,土壤有效态镉含量下降25.00%~35.71%,稻米镉含量则下降20.31%~50.00%,降镉效果随调理剂用量的增加而提高。同时,对纳米矿物基土壤调理剂的降镉机理进行了探讨,对材料应用的经济效益进行了简要分析。
The nano mineral based soil conditioner was applied to the cultivation of rice in the cadmium polluted farmland. The application of the conditioner had no significant effect on rice yield,but significantly decreased the cadmium content in rice and also reduced the available cadmium content of soil effectively. When applying the soil conditioner at 1 500 ~ 4 500 kg/hm~2,the available cadmium content of soil decreased by 25. 00% ~ 35. 71%,the cadmium content of rice decreased by 20. 31% ~50. 00%. The effect of cadmium reduction became better with the increase of the amount of conditioner. At the same time,the mechanism of reducing cadmium was discussed,and the economic benefit of the material application was briefly analyzed.
The nano mineral based soil conditioner was applied to the cultivation of rice in the cadmium polluted farmland. The application of the conditioner had no significant effect on rice yield,but significantly decreased the cadmium content in rice and also reduced the available cadmium content of soil effectively. When applying the soil conditioner at 1 500 ~ 4 500 kg/hm~2,the available cadmium content of soil decreased by 25. 00% ~ 35. 71%,the cadmium content of rice decreased by 20. 31% ~50. 00%. The effect of cadmium reduction became better with the increase of the amount of conditioner. At the same time,the mechanism of reducing cadmium was discussed,and the economic benefit of the material application was briefly analyzed.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国务院.土壤污染防治行动计划[Z].北京:中华人民共和国国务院,2016.
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[7]Brown S,Chaney R,Hallfrisch J,et al.In situ soil treatments to reduce the phyto-and bioavailability[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2004,33(2):522-531.
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[14]Zhou Y F,Haynes R J.Sorption of heavy metals by inorganic and organic components of solid wastes:Significance to use of wastes as low-cost adsorbents and immobilizing agents[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2010,40(11):909-977.
[15]辜娇峰,周航,杨文弢,等.复合改良剂对镉砷化学形态及在水稻中累积转运的调控[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1576-1585.
[16]周歆,周航,曾敏,等.石灰石和海泡石组配对水稻糙米重金属积累的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(3):555-563.
[17]靳辉勇,齐绍武,朱益,等.硅酸盐土壤调理剂对蔬菜Cd污染的治理效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(1):149-152.
[18]胡克伟,关连珠.改良剂原位修复重金属污染土壤研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2007,(4):1-5.
[19]孙蓟锋,王旭.土壤调理剂的研究和应用进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2013,(1):1-7.
[20]骆永明,滕应.我国土壤污染退化状况及防治对策[J].土壤,2006,38(5):505-508.
[2]Shao X X,Huang B,Zhao Y C,et al.Impacts of human activities and sampling strategies on soil heavy metal distribution in a rapidly developing region of China[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,104:1-8.
[3]Chen R S,Ye C.Resolving soil pollution in China[J].Nature,2014,505:483.
[4]Kiikkila O,Perkiomaki J,Barnette M,et al.In situ bioremediation through mulching of soil polluted by a Copper-Nickel Smelter[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2001,30:1134-1143.
[5]龙新宪,杨肖娥.重金属污染土壤修复技术研究的现状与展望[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(6):757-762.
[6]曹心德.土壤重金属复合污染及其化学钝化修复技术研究进展[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1441-1454.
[7]Brown S,Chaney R,Hallfrisch J,et al.In situ soil treatments to reduce the phyto-and bioavailability[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2004,33(2):522-531.
[8]Bolan N,Kunhikrishnan A,Thangarajan R,et al.Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils—to mobilize or to immobilize[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,266:141-166.
[9]Zhou Y F,Haynes R J,Naidu R.Use of inorganic and organic wastes for in situ immobilisation of Pb and Zn in a contaminated alkaline soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2012,19(4):1260-1270.
[10]王立群.重金属污染土壤原位钝化修复研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(5):1214-1222.
[11]Guo G,Zhou Q,Ma L Q.Availability and assessment of fixing additives for the in situ remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils:A review[J].Environmental Monitoring Assessment,2006,116(1/2/3):513-528.
[12]Gray C W,Dunham S J,Dennis P G,et al.Field evaluation of in situ remediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil using lime and red-mud[J].Environmental Pollution,2006,142(3):530-538.
[13]Lee S H,Lee J S,Choi Y J,et al.In situ stabilization of cadmium-,lead-,and zinc-contaminated soil using various amendments[J].Chemosphere,2009,77(8):1069-1075.
[14]Zhou Y F,Haynes R J.Sorption of heavy metals by inorganic and organic components of solid wastes:Significance to use of wastes as low-cost adsorbents and immobilizing agents[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2010,40(11):909-977.
[15]辜娇峰,周航,杨文弢,等.复合改良剂对镉砷化学形态及在水稻中累积转运的调控[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1576-1585.
[16]周歆,周航,曾敏,等.石灰石和海泡石组配对水稻糙米重金属积累的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(3):555-563.
[17]靳辉勇,齐绍武,朱益,等.硅酸盐土壤调理剂对蔬菜Cd污染的治理效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(1):149-152.
[18]胡克伟,关连珠.改良剂原位修复重金属污染土壤研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2007,(4):1-5.
[19]孙蓟锋,王旭.土壤调理剂的研究和应用进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2013,(1):1-7.
[20]骆永明,滕应.我国土壤污染退化状况及防治对策[J].土壤,2006,38(5):505-508.
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