考虑加载速率影响的冻结含盐砂土强度准则研究
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摘要
围压、加载速率等外部条件对冻结盐渍土强度影响显著。对-15℃德令哈含盐砂土进行了一系列不同加载速率、不同围压下的常规三轴剪切试验,依据广义非线性强度理论建立了考虑加载速率影响的冻结含盐砂土强度准则。依据试验结果采用二次函数拟合得到了子午面上的破坏函数,分析了加载速率对冻结含盐砂土强度及内摩擦角的影响。通过修正的Lade-Duncan强度准则给出了?平面上的破坏函数,探讨了加载速率对子午面破坏函数及偏平面形状函数的影响。提出的模型能够反映在加载速率、压融以及冰晶破碎等因素共同影响下的冻结含盐砂土强度的非线性特点。
The external conditions such as confining pressures and loading rates have significant influences on the strength of frozen saline soil. A series of conventional triaxial compression tests under different loading rates are carried out for Delingha frozen saline sand at a temperature of-15℃ with the confining pressures varying from 0.5 to 8 MPa. A strength criterion for the frozen saline sand, including the influences of loading rates, is established by use of the generalized nonlinear strength theory. Based on the conventional triaxial compression test results, the strength function in p-q plane is well fitted by the parabolic equation, and the relationship between loading rates and friction angles is analyzed. The strength function in ? plane derived from the modified Lade-Duncan model considering the influences of loading rates and hydrostatic pressures is used. The proposed strength criterion can reflect the nonlinear strength characteristics of frozen saline sand, including the influences of change in the loading rates, pressure melting and ice crushing.
The external conditions such as confining pressures and loading rates have significant influences on the strength of frozen saline soil. A series of conventional triaxial compression tests under different loading rates are carried out for Delingha frozen saline sand at a temperature of-15℃ with the confining pressures varying from 0.5 to 8 MPa. A strength criterion for the frozen saline sand, including the influences of loading rates, is established by use of the generalized nonlinear strength theory. Based on the conventional triaxial compression test results, the strength function in p-q plane is well fitted by the parabolic equation, and the relationship between loading rates and friction angles is analyzed. The strength function in ? plane derived from the modified Lade-Duncan model considering the influences of loading rates and hydrostatic pressures is used. The proposed strength criterion can reflect the nonlinear strength characteristics of frozen saline sand, including the influences of change in the loading rates, pressure melting and ice crushing.
引文
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[4]LAI Y M,LIAO M K,HU K.A constitutive model of frozen saline sandy soil based on energy dissipation theory[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2016,78:84-113.
[5]MA W,WU Z W,ZHANG L X,et al.Analyses of process on the strength decrease in frozen soils under high confining pressures[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1999,29:1-7.
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[11]陈湘生,汪崇鲜,吴成义.典型人工冻结黏土三轴剪切强度准则的试验研究[J].建井技术,1998,19(4):1-7.(CHEN Xiang-sheng,WANG Chong-xian,WU Cheng-yi.Experimental study on triaxial shear strength criterion of typical artificial frozen clay[J].Mine Construction Technology,1998,19(4):1-7.(in Chinese))
[12]沈忠言,吴紫汪.冻土三轴强度破坏准则的基本形式及其与未冻水含量的相关性[J].冰川冻土,1999,21(1):22-26.(SHEN Zhong-yan,WU Zi-wang.Basic form of failure criteria of triaxial strength of frozen soils and its relativity to unfrozen water[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1999,21(1):22-26.(in Chinese))
[13]栗晓林,王红坚,牛永红.不同加载速率下冻结黏土的强度及破坏特性[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(12):2335-23340.(LI Xiao-lin,WANG Hong-jian,NIU Yong-hong.The strength and failure properties of frozen clay under varying loading rates[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(12):2335-23340.(in Chinese))
[14]黄道良,林斌.人工冻土力学性能影响因素敏感性分析[J].力学与实践,2012,34(4):63-65.(HUANG Dao-liang,LIN Bin.Sensitivity analysis on the influence factors of the mechanical properties of the artificial frozen soil[J].Mechanics in Engineering,2012,34(4):63-65.(in Chinese))
[15]吕晶晶.冻结盐渍土力学性能试验及其本构模型的研究[D].合肥:安徽理工大学.(LüJing-jing.The study on mechanical property test and its constitutive model of freeze saline soil[D].Hefei:AnHui University of Science and Technology.(in Chinese))
[16]蔡聪,马巍,赵淑萍,等.冻结黄土的单轴试验及其本构模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(5):879-887.(CAI Cong,MA Wei,ZHAO Shu-ping.Uniaxial tests on frozen loess and its constitutive model[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(5):879-887.(in Chinese))
[17]LIAO M K,LAI Y M,WANG C.A strength criterion for frozen sodium sulfate saline soils[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,53(7):1176-1185.
[18]LADE P V,DUNCAN J M.Elastic-plastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1975,101(10):1037-1053.
[19]YANG Y G,LAI Y M,LI J B.Laboratory investigation on the strength characteristic of frozen sand considering effect of confining pressures[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology2009,60:245-250.
[2]王遵亲,祝寿泉,俞仁培.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.(WANG Zun-qin,ZHU Shou-quan,YU Ren-pei.Salty soil in China[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993.(in Chinese))
[3]陈肖柏,刘建坤,刘鸿绪,等.土的冻结作用与地基[M].北京:人民出版社,2006.(CHEN Xiao-bai,LIU Jian-kun,LIU Hong-xu,et al.Frost action of soil and foundation engineering[M].Beijing:People's Publishing House,2006.(in Chinese))
[4]LAI Y M,LIAO M K,HU K.A constitutive model of frozen saline sandy soil based on energy dissipation theory[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2016,78:84-113.
[5]MA W,WU Z W,ZHANG L X,et al.Analyses of process on the strength decrease in frozen soils under high confining pressures[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1999,29:1-7.
[6]李栋伟,汪仁和.冻土抗剪强度特性及试验研究[J].安徽理工大学学报,2004,24(增刊):52-55.(LI Dong-wei,WANG Ren-he.Frozen soil ant-shear strength characterand testing study[J].Journal o f Anhui University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2004,24(S0):52-55.(in Chinese))
[7]BAKER T H,JONES S J,PARAMESWARAN V R.Confined and unconfined compression tests of frozen sand[C]//Proc 4th Canada Permafrost Conf.National Research Council of Canada,1982:387-392.
[8]JONES S J.The confined compressive strength of polycrystalline ice[J].Journal of Glaciology,1982,28:171-177.
[9]FISH A M.Strength of frozen soil under a combined stress state[C]//Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Ground Freezing.Rotterdam,1991:135-145.
[10]马巍,吴紫汪,盛煜.围压对冻土强度特性的影响[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(5):7-11.(MA Wei,WU Zi-wang,SHENG Yu.Effect of confining pressure on strength behaviour of frozen soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,17(5):7-11.(in Chinese))
[11]陈湘生,汪崇鲜,吴成义.典型人工冻结黏土三轴剪切强度准则的试验研究[J].建井技术,1998,19(4):1-7.(CHEN Xiang-sheng,WANG Chong-xian,WU Cheng-yi.Experimental study on triaxial shear strength criterion of typical artificial frozen clay[J].Mine Construction Technology,1998,19(4):1-7.(in Chinese))
[12]沈忠言,吴紫汪.冻土三轴强度破坏准则的基本形式及其与未冻水含量的相关性[J].冰川冻土,1999,21(1):22-26.(SHEN Zhong-yan,WU Zi-wang.Basic form of failure criteria of triaxial strength of frozen soils and its relativity to unfrozen water[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1999,21(1):22-26.(in Chinese))
[13]栗晓林,王红坚,牛永红.不同加载速率下冻结黏土的强度及破坏特性[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(12):2335-23340.(LI Xiao-lin,WANG Hong-jian,NIU Yong-hong.The strength and failure properties of frozen clay under varying loading rates[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(12):2335-23340.(in Chinese))
[14]黄道良,林斌.人工冻土力学性能影响因素敏感性分析[J].力学与实践,2012,34(4):63-65.(HUANG Dao-liang,LIN Bin.Sensitivity analysis on the influence factors of the mechanical properties of the artificial frozen soil[J].Mechanics in Engineering,2012,34(4):63-65.(in Chinese))
[15]吕晶晶.冻结盐渍土力学性能试验及其本构模型的研究[D].合肥:安徽理工大学.(LüJing-jing.The study on mechanical property test and its constitutive model of freeze saline soil[D].Hefei:AnHui University of Science and Technology.(in Chinese))
[16]蔡聪,马巍,赵淑萍,等.冻结黄土的单轴试验及其本构模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(5):879-887.(CAI Cong,MA Wei,ZHAO Shu-ping.Uniaxial tests on frozen loess and its constitutive model[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(5):879-887.(in Chinese))
[17]LIAO M K,LAI Y M,WANG C.A strength criterion for frozen sodium sulfate saline soils[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,53(7):1176-1185.
[18]LADE P V,DUNCAN J M.Elastic-plastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1975,101(10):1037-1053.
[19]YANG Y G,LAI Y M,LI J B.Laboratory investigation on the strength characteristic of frozen sand considering effect of confining pressures[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology2009,60:245-250.