集装箱货运需求不定的最优船槽数量转换方法
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摘要
在集装箱货物运输和调度管理过程中,针对需求随机产生、不确定情形下的干货槽与冷藏槽转换数量问题,通过蒙特卡罗仿真模拟方法计算获取船舶的最优化调度顺序,提出了4类动态联动的集装箱延迟或拒绝策略;依据此顺序对船上2类船槽的数量加以转化,并设计了一种启发式迭代算法、在最优调度顺序基础上确定了能够使得集装箱数量总延迟最小以及公司收益最大的船槽数量分布。以法国海运集团运营的1条航线为具体算例进行深入剖析和讨论,进一步实验结果表明,运用该算法优化后,公司的平均收益值总体能从初始的5 251 493.88美元提高至5 290 486.25美元,有效提升了7.43‰。
In transportation processes and dispatching management of container cargos,the optimal deployment sequence of ships is determined by a Monte Carlo simulation method in order to solve problems of conversion quantity of dry and reefer containers under uncertain and/or random demand situations.Four types of dynamically linked strategies are proposed for delay or rejection of containers.The number of two different kinds of ship slots is converted according to the optimal deployment sequence.Further,a heuristic iterative algorithm is developed to determine the number of conversion quantity,which can minimize the total delay of these two types of containers with maximum profit.Moreover,a shipping route operated by French Maritime Group is taken as a case study.The results show that the average profit of the company can be effectively improved by 7.43‰,from 5 251 493.88 USD to 5 290 486.25 USD after optimized by this algorithm.
In transportation processes and dispatching management of container cargos,the optimal deployment sequence of ships is determined by a Monte Carlo simulation method in order to solve problems of conversion quantity of dry and reefer containers under uncertain and/or random demand situations.Four types of dynamically linked strategies are proposed for delay or rejection of containers.The number of two different kinds of ship slots is converted according to the optimal deployment sequence.Further,a heuristic iterative algorithm is developed to determine the number of conversion quantity,which can minimize the total delay of these two types of containers with maximum profit.Moreover,a shipping route operated by French Maritime Group is taken as a case study.The results show that the average profit of the company can be effectively improved by 7.43‰,from 5 251 493.88 USD to 5 290 486.25 USD after optimized by this algorithm.
引文
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[2]WANG S,MENG Q.Reversing port rotation directions in a container liner shipping network[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2013,50(5):61-73.
[3]WANG S.A novel hybrid-link-based container routing model[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2014,61(1):165-175.
[4]GELAREH S,MENG Q.A novel modeling approach for the fleet deployment problem within a short-term planning horizon[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2010,46(1):76-89.
[5]SONG D P,DONG J X.Long-haul liner service route design with ship deployment and empty container repositioning[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2013,55(9):188-211.
[6]郭文文,计明军,祝慧灵,等.集装箱码头装船顺序和场桥行驶路径联合优化[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2018,18(4):178-187.GUO Wenwen,JI Mingjun,ZHU Huiling,et al.Joint optimization of loading sequence and yard crane travel route in container terminals[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2018,18(4):178-187.(in Chinese)
[7]黄晓波,朱宁,朱建华,等.考虑低碳的多台轮胎式龙门吊路径优化问题[J].交通信息与安全,2016,34(3):101-107.HUANG Xiaobo,ZHU Ning,ZHU Jianhua,et al.Routing optimization of multiple rubber-tired gantry cranes considering carbon emission[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2016,34(3):101-107.(in Chinese)
[8]MENG Q,WANG X.Sensitivity analysis of logitbased stochastic user equilibrium network flows with entry-exit toll schemes[J].Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2008,23(2):138-156.
[9]陈超,邱建梅,台伟力,等.出口箱随机入港下的集装箱码头泊位调度[J].交通信息与安全,2014,32(1):91-96.CHEN Chao,QIU Jianmei,TAI Weili,et al.Berth allocation planning in container terminals for the outbound containers arrival in random order[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2014,32(1):91-96.(in Chinese)
[10]常祎妹,朱晓宁,闫柏丞,等.集装箱码头铁水联运装卸设备协同调度[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2017,17(4):40-47.CHANG Yimei,ZHU Xiaoning,YAN Baicheng,et al.Integrated scheduling of handling operations in container terminal under rail-water intermodal transportation[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2017,17(4):40-47.(in Chinese)
[11]MULDER J,DEKKER R.Methods for strategic liner shipping network design[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2014,235(2):367-377.
[12]WANG S.Optimal sequence of container ships in a string[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2015,246(3):850-857.
[13]NG M W.Distribution-free vessel deployment for liner shipping[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2014,238(3):858-862.
[14]NG M W.Container vessel fleet deployment for liner shipping with stochastic dependencies in shipping demand[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2015(74):79-87.
[15]MENG Q,WANG S.Liner ship fleet deployment with week-dependent container shipment demand[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2012,222(2):241-252.
[16]MENG Q,WANG T,WANG S.Short-term liner ship fleet planning with container transshipment and uncertain container shipment demand[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2012,223(1):96-105.
[17]CMA CGM.Line details:Northwest Express[DB/OL].(2016-3-13)[2017-05-08].https://www.cma-cgm.com/products-services/line-services/flyer/NWX.
[18]蔡佩林,涂建军.基于随机需求的集装箱空箱调度研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(2):298-303.CAI Peilin,TU Jianjun.Empty container scheduling research under stochastic demand[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2014,38(2):298-303.(in Chinese)