乡村振兴背景下乡村旅游目的地碳足迹与生态效率研究——以江西婺源篁岭景区为例
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摘要
乡村旅游是产业振兴的重要载体,是实施乡村振兴战略的重要抓手,科学测度与评价乡村旅游目的地碳足迹与生态效率,对于推动乡村旅游兴旺与可持续发展具有重要的意义。基于乡村振兴视角,运用过程生命周期评价法和生态效率评价模型,对2016年江西婺源篁岭景区碳足迹与生态效率进行核算与评价。结果表明,2016年篁岭景区旅游碳足迹为9 732 t,人均碳足迹为13.770 kg/人,地均碳足迹为0.649 kg/m~2;在旅游各环节中,旅游住宿碳足迹占58.69%,旅游交通碳足迹占17.62%,旅游餐饮碳足迹占16.83%,旅游娱购碳足迹占6.86%。2016年篁岭景区旅游生态效率为7.85元/kg,旅游各环节生态效率差异明显,效率值大小依次为:交通>娱购>餐饮>住宿。从效率类型来看,2016年篁岭景区旅游娱购属于低碳高效型,旅游交通属于高碳高效型,旅游餐饮和旅游住宿则属于高碳低效型。根据分析结果,提出了降低运营能耗,加强运营低碳管理,积极宣传低碳旅游理念等减少温室气体排放策略。
Rural tourism is an important carrier of industrial revitalization as well as a key task of implementing the strategy of rural revitalization. Scientifically measuring and evaluating the carbon footprint and ecological efficiency of rural tourism destination plays a significant role in promoting the prosperity and sustainable development of rural tourism. Based on the perspective of rural revitalization, this paper analyzed the carbon footprint and ecological efficiency of Huangling scenic spot in Wuyuan of Jiangxi Province in 2016 by the process life cycle assessment and ecological efficiency evaluation model. Results show that: 1) the carbon footprint of Huangling scenic spot was 9 732 tons, the per capita carbon footprint was 13.770 kg/person and the average land carbon footprint was 0.649 kg/m~2 in 2016; 2) in all aspects of tourism, the carbon footprints of tourism accommodation, tourism transportation, tourism entertainment and shopping accounted for 58.69%, 17.62%, 16.83% and 6.83%, respectively; 3) the ecological efficiency of tourism was 7.85 yuan/kg in Huangling scenic spot in 2016 and there was an obvious difference of ecological efficiency among different links of tourism, the efficiency rates in descending order were transportation, entertainment and shopping, catering and accommodation; and 4) from the perspective of efficiency type, in Huangling scenic spot,the tourism entertainment and shopping belonged to the low carbon and high efficiency type, the tourism transportation belonged to the high carbon and high efficiency type, and the tourism catering and tourism accommodation belonged to the high carbon and low efficiency type. Therefore, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, this paper suggests: to reduce operation energy consumption, to strengthen low-carbon operation management, and to actively publicize the concept of low-carbon tourism.
Rural tourism is an important carrier of industrial revitalization as well as a key task of implementing the strategy of rural revitalization. Scientifically measuring and evaluating the carbon footprint and ecological efficiency of rural tourism destination plays a significant role in promoting the prosperity and sustainable development of rural tourism. Based on the perspective of rural revitalization, this paper analyzed the carbon footprint and ecological efficiency of Huangling scenic spot in Wuyuan of Jiangxi Province in 2016 by the process life cycle assessment and ecological efficiency evaluation model. Results show that: 1) the carbon footprint of Huangling scenic spot was 9 732 tons, the per capita carbon footprint was 13.770 kg/person and the average land carbon footprint was 0.649 kg/m~2 in 2016; 2) in all aspects of tourism, the carbon footprints of tourism accommodation, tourism transportation, tourism entertainment and shopping accounted for 58.69%, 17.62%, 16.83% and 6.83%, respectively; 3) the ecological efficiency of tourism was 7.85 yuan/kg in Huangling scenic spot in 2016 and there was an obvious difference of ecological efficiency among different links of tourism, the efficiency rates in descending order were transportation, entertainment and shopping, catering and accommodation; and 4) from the perspective of efficiency type, in Huangling scenic spot,the tourism entertainment and shopping belonged to the low carbon and high efficiency type, the tourism transportation belonged to the high carbon and high efficiency type, and the tourism catering and tourism accommodation belonged to the high carbon and low efficiency type. Therefore, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, this paper suggests: to reduce operation energy consumption, to strengthen low-carbon operation management, and to actively publicize the concept of low-carbon tourism.
引文
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[7]Peng H,Zhang J,Lu L,et al.Eco-efficiency and its determinants at a tourism destination:A case study of Huangshan national park,China[J].Tourism Management,2017,60:201-211.
[8]Juvan E,Dolnicar S.Can tourists easily choose a low carbon footprint vacation?[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2014,22(2):175-194.
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[11]张琦峰,方恺,徐明,等.基于投入产出分析的碳足迹研究进展[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(4):696-708.Zhang Q F,Fang K,Xu M,et al.Review of carbon footprint research based on input-output analysis[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2018,33(4):696-708.
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