内蒙古维拉斯托铅锌矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因研究
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摘要
维拉斯托铅锌矿床发育在大兴安岭南段西坡成矿带内。矿区出露的岩浆岩主要为石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩以及碱性花岗岩等;矿体严格受断裂构造控制,属典型的热液脉型矿床。矿床的热液期可划分为3个阶段:Ⅰ石英-毒砂-黄铁矿阶段、Ⅱ多金属硫化物-石英阶段和Ⅲ石英-碳酸盐阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,维拉斯托矿床矿石主要发育气液两相、富CH_4以及含CH_4-CO_2的包裹体。Ⅰ阶段3种类型包裹体均发育,Ⅱ阶段以气液两相和含CH_4-CO_2的包裹体为主,Ⅲ阶段仅发育气液两相包裹体。Ⅰ阶段包裹体均一温度范围为243.1℃~398.5℃,盐度为4.8%~12%NaCleqv;Ⅱ阶段均一温度为190.0℃~331.1℃,盐度为3.5%~9.1%NaCleqv;Ⅲ阶段均一温度范围为180.0℃~240.0℃,盐度范围为3.7%~6.7%NaCleqv,显示成矿流体具有中温、低盐度和低密度的特点;激光拉曼光谱分析包裹体气相成分主要为CO_2、CH_4和H_2O。氢、氧同位素分析结果表明成矿流体具有岩浆水和大气降水的混合特征;硫同位素结果显示成矿物质具有深源的特点。综合分析认为,矿床的形成与燕山期中酸性岩浆活动密切相关,深部岩浆在上升过程中与下渗的大气降水发生混合,导致矿物质在近东西向的"S"型压扭性断裂中沉淀并富集成矿。
The Weilasituo deposit is mainly hosted in southern Great Hinggan Mountain metallogenic belt.The intrusive rocks exposed in the study area are mainly quartz diorite,granodiorite and alkali granite. Ore bodies are strictly controlled by fracture structures,which is an important character of the hydrothermal vein type lead-zinc deposit. The mineralization can be divided into Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ stages,characterized by assemblages of quartz-arsenopyrite-pyrite,quartz-polymetallic sulfide and quartz-carbonate,respectively. Systematic study on fluid inclusions reveals that there existed three types of primary fluid inclusions in the ores,which were two-phase aqueous,CH_4 rich and CH_4-CO_2 bearing fluid inclusions. All the three types of fluid inclusions were developed in stage Ⅰ. The primary fluid inclusions in stage Ⅱ were mainly composed of two-phase aqueous and CH_4-CO_2 bearing fluid inclu-sions,while only two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions were developed in stage Ⅲ. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in stage I ranged from 243. 1℃ to 398. 5℃,with salinities of 4. 8% ~ 12% NaCleqv. For stageⅡ,homogenization temperatures decreased to 190. 0℃ ~ 331. 1℃,salinities changed to 3. 5% ~ 9. 1% NaCleqv,whereas for stage Ⅲ homogenization temperature was 180. 0℃ ~ 240. 0℃,with salinities of 3. 7% ~ 6. 7% NaCleqv,indicating intermediate temperate and low salinity mineralizing liquids. The analytic results from Laser Laman Spectroscopy suggest that the gas phases are rich in CH_4,CO_2 and H_2O. The analytic results from H and O isotope indicate that the mineralizing fluids were derived from magmatic water mixing with meteoric water. The study of S isotope implies that the ore forming materials were from a deep source. Combining all the analytical results and regional setting,it is concluded that Weilasituo deposit was related to the Yanshanian magmatism,and was formed by the precipitation of mineralizing materials in the west-east trending "S" shape compression fault during the mixing of magmatic water and meteoric water.
The Weilasituo deposit is mainly hosted in southern Great Hinggan Mountain metallogenic belt.The intrusive rocks exposed in the study area are mainly quartz diorite,granodiorite and alkali granite. Ore bodies are strictly controlled by fracture structures,which is an important character of the hydrothermal vein type lead-zinc deposit. The mineralization can be divided into Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ stages,characterized by assemblages of quartz-arsenopyrite-pyrite,quartz-polymetallic sulfide and quartz-carbonate,respectively. Systematic study on fluid inclusions reveals that there existed three types of primary fluid inclusions in the ores,which were two-phase aqueous,CH_4 rich and CH_4-CO_2 bearing fluid inclusions. All the three types of fluid inclusions were developed in stage Ⅰ. The primary fluid inclusions in stage Ⅱ were mainly composed of two-phase aqueous and CH_4-CO_2 bearing fluid inclu-sions,while only two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions were developed in stage Ⅲ. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in stage I ranged from 243. 1℃ to 398. 5℃,with salinities of 4. 8% ~ 12% NaCleqv. For stageⅡ,homogenization temperatures decreased to 190. 0℃ ~ 331. 1℃,salinities changed to 3. 5% ~ 9. 1% NaCleqv,whereas for stage Ⅲ homogenization temperature was 180. 0℃ ~ 240. 0℃,with salinities of 3. 7% ~ 6. 7% NaCleqv,indicating intermediate temperate and low salinity mineralizing liquids. The analytic results from Laser Laman Spectroscopy suggest that the gas phases are rich in CH_4,CO_2 and H_2O. The analytic results from H and O isotope indicate that the mineralizing fluids were derived from magmatic water mixing with meteoric water. The study of S isotope implies that the ore forming materials were from a deep source. Combining all the analytical results and regional setting,it is concluded that Weilasituo deposit was related to the Yanshanian magmatism,and was formed by the precipitation of mineralizing materials in the west-east trending "S" shape compression fault during the mixing of magmatic water and meteoric water.
引文
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[2]郑翻身,蔡红军,张振法.内蒙古拜仁达坝维拉斯托超大型银铅锌矿的发现及找矿意义[J].物探与化探,2006,30(1):13-20.ZHENG Fan-shen,CAI Hong-jun,ZHANG Zhen-fa.The discovery of superlarge silver-lead-zinc deposits in Bairendaba and Weilasituo,Inner Mongolia,and its ore-prospecting significance[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2006,30(1):13-20.
[3]江思宏,聂凤军,刘翼飞,等.内蒙古拜仁达坝及维拉斯托银多金属矿床的硫和铅同位素研究[J].矿床地质,2010,29(1):101-112.JIANG Si-hong,NIE Feng-jun,LIU Yi-fei,et al.Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of Bairendaba and Weilasituo silver-polymetallic deposits,Inner Mongolia[J].Mineral Deposits,2010,29(1):101-112.
[4]梅微,吕新彪,唐然坤,等.大兴安岭南段西坡拜仁达坝—维拉斯托矿床成矿流体特征及其演化[J].地球科学,2015(1):145-162.MEI Wei,LXin-biao,TANG Ran-kun,et al.Oreforming fluid and its evolution of Bairendaba-Weilasituo deposits in west slope of Southern Great Xing'an Range[J].Earth Science,2015(1):145-162.
[5]王瑾,侯青叶,陈岳龙,等.内蒙古维拉斯托铜多金属矿床流体包裹体研究[J].现代地质,2010,24(5):847-855.WANG Jin,HOU Qing-ye,CHEN Yue-long,et al.Fluid inclusion study of the Weilasituo Cu polymetal deposit in Inner Mongolia[J].Geoscience,2010,24(5):847-855.
[6]刘翼飞,樊志勇,蒋胡灿,等.内蒙古维拉斯托-拜仁达坝斑岩-热液脉状成矿体系研究[J].地质学报,2014,88(12):2373-2385.LIU Yi-fei,FAN Zhi-yong,JIANG Hu-can,et al.Genesis of the Weilasituo-Bairendaba porphyry-hydrothermal vein type system in Inner Mongolia,China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(12):2373-2385.
[7]Ouyang H G,Mao J W,Santosh M.Anatomy of a large Ag--Pb--Zn deposit in the Great Xing'an Range,northeast China:metallogeny associated with Early Cretaceous magmatism[J].International Geology Review,2013,55(4):411-429.
[8]欧阳荷根.大兴安岭南段拜仁达坝—维拉斯托银多金属矿床成矿作用及动力学背景:博士学位论文[D].北京:中国地质大学,2013.OUYANG He-gen.Metallogenesis of Barendaba--Weilasituo silver-polymetallic deposit and its geodynamic setting,in the southern segment of Great Xing'an Range,NE China:doctor's degree thesis[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2013.
[9]潘小菲,郭利军,王硕,等.内蒙古维拉斯托铜锌矿床的白云母Ar--Ar年龄探讨[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2009,28(5):473-479.PAN Xiao-fei,GUO Li-jun,WANG Shuo,et al.Laser microprobe Ar-Ar dating of biotite from the Weilasituo Cu--Zn polymetallic deposit in Inner Mongollia[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2009,28(5):473-479.
[10]邵济安,牟保磊,朱慧忠,等.大兴安岭中南段中生代成矿物质的深部来源与背景[J].岩石学报,2010,26(3):649-656.SHAO Ji-an,MOU Bao-lei,ZHU Hui-zhong,et al.Material source and tectonic settings of the Mesozoic mineralization of the Da Hinggan Mts[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(3):649-656.
[11]赵一鸣,张德全.大兴安岭及其邻区铜多金属矿床成矿规律与远景评价[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:131-135.ZHAO Yi-ming,ZHANG De-quan.Metallogeny and prospective evaluation of copper-polymetallic deposits in the Da Hinggan mountains and its adjacent regions[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1997:131-135.
[12]盛继福,付先政,李鹤年.大兴安岭中段成矿环境与铜多金属矿床地质特征[M].北京:地震出版社,1999:90-125.SHENG Ji-fu,FU Xian-zheng,LI He-nian.Metallogenic environment and copper polymetallic ore deposit geological characteristics of middle Greater Hinggan mountains[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1999:90-125.
[13]李蒙文.天山—兴蒙造山带中段内生金属矿床成矿系列及成矿预测:博士学位论文[D].北京:中国地质科院,2006.LI Meng-wen.Research on metallogenic series and metallogenic prognosis of endogenetic metallic deposits in the middle section of Tianshan-Xingmeng Orogen:doctor's degree thesis[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2006.
[14]Clayton R N,O'Neil J R,Mayeda T K.Oxygen isotope exchange between quartz and water[J].Journal of geophysical research,1972,77(17):3057-3067.
[15]Roedder E.Fluid inclusions[J].Mineralogical Society of America,1984,12:644.
[16]卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:1-450.LU Huan-zhang,FAN Hong-rui,NI Pei,et al.Fluid inclusions[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:1-450.
[17]范宏瑞,Groves D I,Mikucki E J,等.西澳大利亚纳沃日金矿流体混合与金的成矿作用[J].矿床地质,2001,20(1):37-43.FAN Hong-rui,Groves D I,Mikucki E J,et al.Fluid mixing in the generation of Nevoria Gold mineralisation in the Southern Cross Greenstone Belt,Western Australia[J].Mineral Deposits,2001,20(1):37-43.
[18]Thiery R,Vidal J,Dubessy J.Phase equilibria modelling applied to fluid inclusions:liquid-vapor equilibria and calculation of the molar volume in the CO2CH4N2,system[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(3):1073-1082.
[19]王秋玲,孙洪涛,丁俊英,等.塔里木北缘库鲁克塔格地块大金沟金矿流体包裹体特征:对矿床成因的启示[J].世界地质,2016,35(3):771-777.WANG Qiu-ling,SUN Hong-tao,DING Jun-ying,et al.Fluid inclusions for Dajingou gold deposit of Quruqtagh block in northeastern Tarim:implication for ore genesis[J].Global Geology,2016,35(3):771-777.
[20]魏占浩,杜生鹏,王键,等.青海青龙沟金矿成矿流体演化特征及矿床成因研究[J].世界地质,2015,34(4):951-960.WEI Zhan-hao,DU Sheng-peng,WANG Jian,et al.Evolution characteristics of fluid and genesis of Qinglonggou gold deposit in Qinghai[J].Global Geology,2015,34(4):951-960.
[21]郑永飞.稳定同位素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:1-315.ZHENG Yong-fei.Stable isotope geochemistry[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:1-315.
[22]张理刚.稳定同位素在地质科学中的应用[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1985:91-94.ZHANG Li-gang.The application of stable isotope to geology[M].Xi'an:Shanxi Science and Technology Press,1985:91-94.
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