光伏组件加速老化试验可靠性及其寿命分布研究
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摘要
大多数光伏组件制造商需要保证所生产的光伏组件具有25 a及以上的使用寿命,目前检测认证机构大多利用加速试验方法来分析组件的耐候性和户外运行的可靠性。文章通过光伏组件的湿-冻加速试验分析其失效模式,试验结果表明,湿气的进入会促使光伏组件的背板发生脆化和分层,以及焊带、汇流条等内部电气连接处发生腐蚀。基于此,文章提出了湿-冻加速试验条件下的光伏组件威布尔(Weibull)寿命分布模型,利用预处理后的实验数据和F检验法验证了光伏组件威布尔寿命分布模型的有效性,并对常用的可靠性寿命分布模型进行优选,研究结果发现威布尔分布对该试验数据的拟合效果较好。
The majority of PV modules are warranted for a 25-year life or more. At present, most of the testing and certification institutions use accelerated test method to analysis the weather resistance and the reliability outdoors for PV modules. In this paper, the failure mode of PV module is analyzed by the "humid-freeze" acceleration test, The experimental results show that the entry of moisture can promote the embrittlement and delamination of the backsheet of the PV module and the corrosion of the internal electrical connections such as the welding strip and the bus bar. Based on this, The Weibull lifetime distribution model of the PV modules under humid-freeze accelerated test is proposed. The effectiveness of the Weibull lifetime distribution model of PV modules is verified by the experimental data and F test. And the commonly used reliability lifetime distribution model is optimized, the results show that the Weibull distribution has better match with the experimental data.
The majority of PV modules are warranted for a 25-year life or more. At present, most of the testing and certification institutions use accelerated test method to analysis the weather resistance and the reliability outdoors for PV modules. In this paper, the failure mode of PV module is analyzed by the "humid-freeze" acceleration test, The experimental results show that the entry of moisture can promote the embrittlement and delamination of the backsheet of the PV module and the corrosion of the internal electrical connections such as the welding strip and the bus bar. Based on this, The Weibull lifetime distribution model of the PV modules under humid-freeze accelerated test is proposed. The effectiveness of the Weibull lifetime distribution model of PV modules is verified by the experimental data and F test. And the commonly used reliability lifetime distribution model is optimized, the results show that the Weibull distribution has better match with the experimental data.
引文
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[15]何建林.基于Lambda分布统示法的光伏组件可靠性评估方法[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.[15]He Jianlin.Reliability assessment method for PV modules based onλ-distribution uniform expression[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2015.
[16]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论修订版[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.407-409.[16]Cao Jinhua,Cheng Kan.An Introduction to Mathematics of Reliability(Revised Edition)[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.407-409.
[17]顾国梁,王景芹.失效数据的威布尔分布建模与参数估计方法[J].河北工业大学学报,2015,44(3):7-16.[17]Gu Guoliang,Wang Jingqin.Weibull modelling and parameter estimation method of failure data[J].Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2015,44(3):7-16.
[2]章激扬,李达,杨苹,等.光伏发电发展趋势分析[J].可再生能源,2014,32(2):127-132.[2]Zhang Jiyang,Li Da,Yang Ping,et al.Development trend analysis of photovoltaic power generatio[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2014,32(2):127-132.
[3]Polverini D,Field M,Dunlop E,et al.Polycrystalline silicon PV modules performance and degradation over 20years[J].Progress in Photovoltaics Research&Applications,2013,21(5):1004-1015.
[4]IEC61215:2005,Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic(PV)Modules-Design Qualification and Type Approval[S].
[5]杨林华,范宁.太阳电池紫外加速寿命试验技术研究[J].光学技术,2007,33(1):89-91,94.[5]Yang Linhua,Fan Ning.Technical study of the ultraviolet acceleration lifetime test for solar batteries[J].Optical Technique,2007,33(1):89-91,94.
[6]Peike C,Hoffmann S,Hülsmann P,et al.Origin of damp-heat induced cell degradation[J].Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2013,116(9):49-54.
[7]GB/T 3187-1994,可靠性、维修性术语[S].[7]GB/T 3187-1994,Reliability and Maintainability Terms[S].
[8]黄婷婷,姜同敏.加速寿命试验中统计加速模型综述[J].装备环境工程,2010,7(4):57-62.[8]Huang Tingting,Jiang Tongmin.Review of statistical acceleration models in accelerated life testing[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2010,7(4):57-62.
[9]茆诗松.从寿命试验到加速寿命试验[J].质量与可靠性,2003(1):8-12.[9]Mao Shisong.From life testing to accelerated life testing[J].Quality and Reliability,2003(1):8-12.
[10]葛广平.我国加速寿命试验研究的现状与展望[J].数理统计与管理,2000,19(1):25-29.[10]Ge Guangping.An outline and outlook on the research of accelerated life tests in China[J].Journal of Applied Statistics and Management,2000,19(1):25-29.
[11]程侃.寿命分布类与可靠性数学理论[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.[11]Cheng Kan.Life Distribution Classes and Reliability Mathematical Theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999.
[12]Weibull W.A statistical distribution function of wide applicability[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1951,13(2):293-297.
[13]戴志辉,王增平,焦彦军,等.基于缺陷分析的保护装置可靠性评价研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(12):54-59.[13]Dai Zhihui,Wang Zengping,Jiao Yanjun,et al.Study on the reliability evaluation of protection devices based on defects analysis[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(12):54-59.
[14]Siddiqui R,Kumar R,Jha G K,et al.Comparison of different technologies for solar PV(Photovoltaic)outdoor performance using indoor accelerated aging tests for long term reliability[J].Energy,2016,107:550-561.
[15]何建林.基于Lambda分布统示法的光伏组件可靠性评估方法[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.[15]He Jianlin.Reliability assessment method for PV modules based onλ-distribution uniform expression[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2015.
[16]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论修订版[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.407-409.[16]Cao Jinhua,Cheng Kan.An Introduction to Mathematics of Reliability(Revised Edition)[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.407-409.
[17]顾国梁,王景芹.失效数据的威布尔分布建模与参数估计方法[J].河北工业大学学报,2015,44(3):7-16.[17]Gu Guoliang,Wang Jingqin.Weibull modelling and parameter estimation method of failure data[J].Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2015,44(3):7-16.