不同光质对三叶青茎叶显微结构和激素的影响
|
摘要
为开发三叶青地上部分潜在价值、更好地推广利用三叶青的药用功能,以1年生三叶青为试验材料,用3个不同发光二极管(LED)光质进行处理,分别为红光(波长660 nm)、蓝光(波长450 nm)和白光,以白光为对照,光照强度控制在(50±5)μmol·m2·s~(-1),研究60 d后茎叶形态指标、显微结构和内源激素吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)和细胞分裂素(CTK)含量的差异,以及形态指标与内源激素含量的相关性。结果表明:与白光相比,红光有利于三叶青新生茎的伸长,新生茎长度增加19.3%,蓝光则有助于三叶青新茎直径增大(6.3%),茎的皮层、初生韧皮部、韧皮纤维、纤维细胞、髓射线结构厚度和髓直径显著大于红光和白光,且叶面积和叶片厚度增加,促进植株矮壮;红光下三叶青茎叶中GA含量较高,蓝光下则是CTK含量最高;三叶青新茎的伸长速率与其GA含量存在显著正相关关系,而新茎直径、叶面积和叶片厚度均与CTK含量呈显著正相关。因此,蓝光下三叶青茎的增粗可能有利于输送光合同化物促进块根的形成。
To enhance the potential value of the aboveground part of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and exploit its medicinal properties effectively,one-year old plants were exposed to three different light emitting diode( LED) light qualities: red light( wavelength660 nm),blue light( wavelength 450 nm),and white light,with white light taken as the control. The light intensity in each treatment was controlled at( 50±5) μmol·m2·s~(-1). The morphological changes in the stem and leaves,differences in stem and leaf microstructure,and content of endogenous hormones indole-3-acetic acid( IAA),gibberellin( GA),cytokinin( CTK) under different light treatments,as well as the correlation between morphological index and endogenous hormone content were investigated after exposure for 60 days. The results showed that red light was beneficial for stem elongation of T. hemsleyanum,when compared with white light; the length of the new stem increased by 19.3%. Blue light promoted shortness and stoutness in the plants and increased the diameter of the new stem by 6.3%. Thickness of the cortex,primary phloem,bast fiber,medullary ray,and pith were all significantly greater under blue light treatment than under red or white light treatment; leaf area and leaf thickness also increased under the former. Under red light,the content of GA in the stem and leaves was higher,whereas the content of CTK under blue light was higher than under the other two treatments. There was a significant positive correlation between the rate of stem elongation and the GA content in fresh stems. The cross-sectional diameter of the new stem,leaf area,and leaf thickness were positively correlated with the CTK content. Blue light treatment may be beneficial for the formation of underground roots in T. hemsleyanum.
To enhance the potential value of the aboveground part of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and exploit its medicinal properties effectively,one-year old plants were exposed to three different light emitting diode( LED) light qualities: red light( wavelength660 nm),blue light( wavelength 450 nm),and white light,with white light taken as the control. The light intensity in each treatment was controlled at( 50±5) μmol·m2·s~(-1). The morphological changes in the stem and leaves,differences in stem and leaf microstructure,and content of endogenous hormones indole-3-acetic acid( IAA),gibberellin( GA),cytokinin( CTK) under different light treatments,as well as the correlation between morphological index and endogenous hormone content were investigated after exposure for 60 days. The results showed that red light was beneficial for stem elongation of T. hemsleyanum,when compared with white light; the length of the new stem increased by 19.3%. Blue light promoted shortness and stoutness in the plants and increased the diameter of the new stem by 6.3%. Thickness of the cortex,primary phloem,bast fiber,medullary ray,and pith were all significantly greater under blue light treatment than under red or white light treatment; leaf area and leaf thickness also increased under the former. Under red light,the content of GA in the stem and leaves was higher,whereas the content of CTK under blue light was higher than under the other two treatments. There was a significant positive correlation between the rate of stem elongation and the GA content in fresh stems. The cross-sectional diameter of the new stem,leaf area,and leaf thickness were positively correlated with the CTK content. Blue light treatment may be beneficial for the formation of underground roots in T. hemsleyanum.
引文
[1]杨其长,魏灵玲,刘文科,等.植物工厂系统与实践[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2012.
[2] HEO J,LEE C,CHAKRABART D,et al. Growth responses of marigold and salvia bedding plants as affected by monochromic or mixture radiation provided by a light-emitting diode(LED)[J]. Plant Growth Regulation,2002,38(3):225-230.
[3]杨其长. LED在农业与生物产业的应用与前景展望[J].中国农业科技导报,2008,10(6):42-47.
[4]王忠.植物生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[5]黄卫东,吴兰坤,战吉成.中国矮樱桃叶片生长和光合作用对弱光环境的适应性调节[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1 981-1 985.
[6]潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M]. 5版.北京:高等教育出版社,2004:167-200.
[7]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:122-123.
[8]张同远,倪荷芳.三叶青抗慢性肝损伤实验研究[J].南京中医药大学学报,2008,24(1):37-39.
[9] XU C J,DING G Q,FU J Y,et al. Immunoregulatory effects of ethyl-acetate fraction of extracts from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et. Gilg on immune functions of ICR mice[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences,2008,21(4):325-331.
[10]丁丽,纪其雄,吕雯婷,等.三叶青水提物体内、体外抗肿瘤作用的研究[J].中成药,2013,35(5):1 076-1 078.
[11]蔡韦炜,陈丹,范世明,等.三叶青地上部分化学成分分析[J].福建中医药大学学报,2013,23(5):34-35,42.
[12] ABDUL LATIFF. Flavonols,ellagic acid and anthocyaanidins in leaves of some malaysian vitaceae[J]. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences,1980(6):95.
[13]余意,杨其长,刘文科. LED红蓝光质对三种蔬菜苗期生长和光合色素含量的影响[J].照明工程学报,2015,26(4):107-110.
[14]江明艳,潘远智.不同光质对盆栽一品红光合特性及生长的影响[J].园艺学报,2006,33(2):338-343.
[15]内海修一.保护地园艺-环境与作物生理[M].王志刚,汪维璟,译.北京:农业出版社,1984.
[16]张瑞华,徐坤,董灿兴,等.光质对姜生长及光能利用特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2008,35(5):673-680.
[17]许鸿川.植物学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[18] REID J B,BOTWRIGHT N A,SMITH J J,et al. Control of gibberellin levels and gene expression during de-etiolation in pea[J]. Plant Physiology,2002,128(2):734-741.
[19] YAMAGUCHI S,KAMIYA Y. Gibberellins and light-stimulated seed germination[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,2001,20(4):369-376.
[20]储钟稀,童哲,冯丽洁,等.不同光质对黄瓜叶片光合特性的影响[J].植物学报,1999,41(8):867-870.
[21]余让才,潘瑞炽.蓝光对水稻幼苗生长及内源激素水平的影响[J].植物生理学报,1997,23(2):175-180.
[22]冯金玲,陈辉,陈世品,等.油茶芽苗砧嫁接口愈合与内源激素的关系[J].森林与环境学报,2018,38(1):27-32.
[23]常涛涛,刘晓英,徐志刚,等.不同光谱能量分布对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(8):1 748-1 756.
[2] HEO J,LEE C,CHAKRABART D,et al. Growth responses of marigold and salvia bedding plants as affected by monochromic or mixture radiation provided by a light-emitting diode(LED)[J]. Plant Growth Regulation,2002,38(3):225-230.
[3]杨其长. LED在农业与生物产业的应用与前景展望[J].中国农业科技导报,2008,10(6):42-47.
[4]王忠.植物生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[5]黄卫东,吴兰坤,战吉成.中国矮樱桃叶片生长和光合作用对弱光环境的适应性调节[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1 981-1 985.
[6]潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M]. 5版.北京:高等教育出版社,2004:167-200.
[7]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:122-123.
[8]张同远,倪荷芳.三叶青抗慢性肝损伤实验研究[J].南京中医药大学学报,2008,24(1):37-39.
[9] XU C J,DING G Q,FU J Y,et al. Immunoregulatory effects of ethyl-acetate fraction of extracts from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et. Gilg on immune functions of ICR mice[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences,2008,21(4):325-331.
[10]丁丽,纪其雄,吕雯婷,等.三叶青水提物体内、体外抗肿瘤作用的研究[J].中成药,2013,35(5):1 076-1 078.
[11]蔡韦炜,陈丹,范世明,等.三叶青地上部分化学成分分析[J].福建中医药大学学报,2013,23(5):34-35,42.
[12] ABDUL LATIFF. Flavonols,ellagic acid and anthocyaanidins in leaves of some malaysian vitaceae[J]. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences,1980(6):95.
[13]余意,杨其长,刘文科. LED红蓝光质对三种蔬菜苗期生长和光合色素含量的影响[J].照明工程学报,2015,26(4):107-110.
[14]江明艳,潘远智.不同光质对盆栽一品红光合特性及生长的影响[J].园艺学报,2006,33(2):338-343.
[15]内海修一.保护地园艺-环境与作物生理[M].王志刚,汪维璟,译.北京:农业出版社,1984.
[16]张瑞华,徐坤,董灿兴,等.光质对姜生长及光能利用特性的影响[J].园艺学报,2008,35(5):673-680.
[17]许鸿川.植物学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[18] REID J B,BOTWRIGHT N A,SMITH J J,et al. Control of gibberellin levels and gene expression during de-etiolation in pea[J]. Plant Physiology,2002,128(2):734-741.
[19] YAMAGUCHI S,KAMIYA Y. Gibberellins and light-stimulated seed germination[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,2001,20(4):369-376.
[20]储钟稀,童哲,冯丽洁,等.不同光质对黄瓜叶片光合特性的影响[J].植物学报,1999,41(8):867-870.
[21]余让才,潘瑞炽.蓝光对水稻幼苗生长及内源激素水平的影响[J].植物生理学报,1997,23(2):175-180.
[22]冯金玲,陈辉,陈世品,等.油茶芽苗砧嫁接口愈合与内源激素的关系[J].森林与环境学报,2018,38(1):27-32.
[23]常涛涛,刘晓英,徐志刚,等.不同光谱能量分布对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(8):1 748-1 756.