FDM 3D打印翘曲变形成因分析及解决对策
|
摘要
针对熔融沉积成型(FDM) 3D打印过程中制件常见的翘曲变形问题,从工艺参数、工件参数以及其他因素三个方面逐条对其成因进行了归纳总结和具体分析,并给出了在一般情况下可有效降低制件翘曲变形所推荐选用的扫描速度、喷嘴温度、热床温度、环境温度以及切片厚度等参数的具体数据,同时在填充率、打印材料选择、制件尺寸形状以及首层打印时喷嘴与热床距离和热床表面处理方面给出了消除翘曲变形的合理建议。为FDM 3D打印制件质量的提高和工艺优化提供参考。
According to the common problem of warpage deformation in fused deposition modeling( FDM) 3D printing process,the causes were analyzed and summarized by the aspects of process parameters,workpiece parameters and other factors. In general case,the specific parameters such as scanning speed,nozzle temperature,worktable temperature,ambient temperature and layer thickness were recommended for reducing warpage deformation. Meanwhile, some reasonable suggestions about filling rate, print material selection,parts shape and size, the distance between nozzle and worktable in first layer printing and worktable surface treatment were also provided. All these reasonable parameters and reasonable suggestions which can effectively eliminate warpage deformation could provide references to improve product quality and optimize process.
According to the common problem of warpage deformation in fused deposition modeling( FDM) 3D printing process,the causes were analyzed and summarized by the aspects of process parameters,workpiece parameters and other factors. In general case,the specific parameters such as scanning speed,nozzle temperature,worktable temperature,ambient temperature and layer thickness were recommended for reducing warpage deformation. Meanwhile, some reasonable suggestions about filling rate, print material selection,parts shape and size, the distance between nozzle and worktable in first layer printing and worktable surface treatment were also provided. All these reasonable parameters and reasonable suggestions which can effectively eliminate warpage deformation could provide references to improve product quality and optimize process.
引文
[1]朱艳青,史继富,王雷雷,等.3D打印技术发展现状[J].制造技术与机床,2015(12):50-57.
[2]利普森,库曼.3D打印:从想象到现实[M].北京:中信出版社,2013.
[3]Brian Evans.解析3D打印机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
[4]罗军.中国3D打印的未来[M].北京:东方出版社,2014.
[5]卢秉恒,李涤尘.增材制造(3D打印)技术发展[J].机械制造与自动化,2013,42(4):1-4.
[6]王康,黄筱调,袁鸿.3D打印技术最新进展[J].机械设计与制造工程,2015,44(10):1-6.
[7]刘新宇,张乔石,赵凌锋,等.3D打印精度影响及翘曲成因的分析与优化[J].科技创业月刊,2016(11):114-118.
[8]LEE B H,ABDULLAH J,KHAN Z A.optimization of rapid prototyping parameters for production of flexible ABS object[J].J Mater Process Technol,2005,169(1):54-61.
[9]WANG A,SONG S,HUANG Q,et al.In-plane shape-deviation modeling and compensation for fused deposition modeling processes[J].IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng,2017,14(2):968-976.
[10]申玄伟.熔融沉积成型3D打印中翘曲变形的仿真分析与状态识别方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2018.
[11]KOUSIATZA C,CHATZIDAI N,KARALEKAS D.Temperature mapping of 3D printed polymer plates:Experimental and numerical study[J].Sensors,2017,17(3):456.
[12]LIU X,LI S,ZHOU L,et al.An investigation on distortion of PLA thin-plate part in the FDM process[J].Int J Adv Manuf Technol,2015,79(5):1117-1126.
[13]韩江,王益康,田晓青,等.熔融沉积(FDM)3D打印工艺参数优化设计研究[J].制造技术与机床,2016(6):139-142.
[14]曹师增,宋发成,刘元义,等.基于FDM的3D打印翘曲变形优化研究[J].塑料工业,2017,45(10):51-54.
[15]张宝庆,潘建超,孟凡越,等.3D打印速度对成型精度影响的有限元模拟与研究[J].长春理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,40(4):45-48.
[16]李生鹏.熔融沉积成型零件精度及机械性能研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2015.
[17]谢卓.烙融沉积成型精度分析及工艺参数研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2016.
[18]葛庆,汪崟.3D打印工艺参数对塑料产品质量的影响[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(12):126-129.
[19]严小军,张路,董蓉桦,等.基于熔融沉积3D打印翘曲变形的工艺参数优化[J].导航与控制,2018,17(2):85-88.
[20]信丽华,徐滕岗.应用DOE方法分析和优化3D打印零件的翘曲变形量[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2017,43(4):579-584.
[21]赵天婵,黄海.基于3D打印的熔融沉积快速成型工艺若干问题研究[J].机械工程师,2016(4):22-23.
[22]冯锐.熔融沉积型3D打印工艺优化研究[J].山东工业技术,2018(9):135-136.
[23]唐鹿.3D打印聚乳酸热塑挤压成型材料的研究及应用[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(11):113-135.
[24]屈晨光,张师军,高达利,等.环境温度对3D打印成型精度的影响[J].塑料工业,2015,43(8):53-64.
[25]桑鹏飞,刘凯,王扬威.熔融沉积成型中的原型翘曲变形分析[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(3):118-124.
[26]庞学勤.基于温度影响的熔融沉积快速成型精度研究[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2016.
[27]赖周艺,姜俊侠.FDM 3D打印鳄鱼模型翘曲变形分析与优化[J].深圳信息职业技术学院学报,2014,12(1):20-22.
[28]田玉琬,文成,安芬菊,等.FDM 3D打印件翘曲变形的工艺分析与优化[J].轻工科技,2016(6):61-91.
[29]朱景峰.基于FDM技术的快速成型机设计及工艺参数优化[D].银川:宁夏大学,2016.
[30]ANGEL R,TORSDE D.Failure analysis and anisotropy evaluation of 3D-printed tensile test specimens of different geometries and print raster patterns[J].Fail Anal Preven,2016,16(3):154-164.
[31]OMAR A,MOHAMED H.Optimization of fused deposition modeling process parameters:A review of current research and future prospects[J].Surf Coat Technol,2015,3(12):42-53.
[32]孟陈力.FDM成型性能的影响因素分析及试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2017.
[33]孙聚杰.3D打印材料及研究热点[J].丝网印刷,2013(12):34-39.
[34]张文君,方辉,袁泽林,等.桌面型FDM 3D打印设备的优化设计与精度分析[J].机械,2018,45(1):5-10.
[2]利普森,库曼.3D打印:从想象到现实[M].北京:中信出版社,2013.
[3]Brian Evans.解析3D打印机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
[4]罗军.中国3D打印的未来[M].北京:东方出版社,2014.
[5]卢秉恒,李涤尘.增材制造(3D打印)技术发展[J].机械制造与自动化,2013,42(4):1-4.
[6]王康,黄筱调,袁鸿.3D打印技术最新进展[J].机械设计与制造工程,2015,44(10):1-6.
[7]刘新宇,张乔石,赵凌锋,等.3D打印精度影响及翘曲成因的分析与优化[J].科技创业月刊,2016(11):114-118.
[8]LEE B H,ABDULLAH J,KHAN Z A.optimization of rapid prototyping parameters for production of flexible ABS object[J].J Mater Process Technol,2005,169(1):54-61.
[9]WANG A,SONG S,HUANG Q,et al.In-plane shape-deviation modeling and compensation for fused deposition modeling processes[J].IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng,2017,14(2):968-976.
[10]申玄伟.熔融沉积成型3D打印中翘曲变形的仿真分析与状态识别方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2018.
[11]KOUSIATZA C,CHATZIDAI N,KARALEKAS D.Temperature mapping of 3D printed polymer plates:Experimental and numerical study[J].Sensors,2017,17(3):456.
[12]LIU X,LI S,ZHOU L,et al.An investigation on distortion of PLA thin-plate part in the FDM process[J].Int J Adv Manuf Technol,2015,79(5):1117-1126.
[13]韩江,王益康,田晓青,等.熔融沉积(FDM)3D打印工艺参数优化设计研究[J].制造技术与机床,2016(6):139-142.
[14]曹师增,宋发成,刘元义,等.基于FDM的3D打印翘曲变形优化研究[J].塑料工业,2017,45(10):51-54.
[15]张宝庆,潘建超,孟凡越,等.3D打印速度对成型精度影响的有限元模拟与研究[J].长春理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,40(4):45-48.
[16]李生鹏.熔融沉积成型零件精度及机械性能研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2015.
[17]谢卓.烙融沉积成型精度分析及工艺参数研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2016.
[18]葛庆,汪崟.3D打印工艺参数对塑料产品质量的影响[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(12):126-129.
[19]严小军,张路,董蓉桦,等.基于熔融沉积3D打印翘曲变形的工艺参数优化[J].导航与控制,2018,17(2):85-88.
[20]信丽华,徐滕岗.应用DOE方法分析和优化3D打印零件的翘曲变形量[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2017,43(4):579-584.
[21]赵天婵,黄海.基于3D打印的熔融沉积快速成型工艺若干问题研究[J].机械工程师,2016(4):22-23.
[22]冯锐.熔融沉积型3D打印工艺优化研究[J].山东工业技术,2018(9):135-136.
[23]唐鹿.3D打印聚乳酸热塑挤压成型材料的研究及应用[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(11):113-135.
[24]屈晨光,张师军,高达利,等.环境温度对3D打印成型精度的影响[J].塑料工业,2015,43(8):53-64.
[25]桑鹏飞,刘凯,王扬威.熔融沉积成型中的原型翘曲变形分析[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(3):118-124.
[26]庞学勤.基于温度影响的熔融沉积快速成型精度研究[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2016.
[27]赖周艺,姜俊侠.FDM 3D打印鳄鱼模型翘曲变形分析与优化[J].深圳信息职业技术学院学报,2014,12(1):20-22.
[28]田玉琬,文成,安芬菊,等.FDM 3D打印件翘曲变形的工艺分析与优化[J].轻工科技,2016(6):61-91.
[29]朱景峰.基于FDM技术的快速成型机设计及工艺参数优化[D].银川:宁夏大学,2016.
[30]ANGEL R,TORSDE D.Failure analysis and anisotropy evaluation of 3D-printed tensile test specimens of different geometries and print raster patterns[J].Fail Anal Preven,2016,16(3):154-164.
[31]OMAR A,MOHAMED H.Optimization of fused deposition modeling process parameters:A review of current research and future prospects[J].Surf Coat Technol,2015,3(12):42-53.
[32]孟陈力.FDM成型性能的影响因素分析及试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2017.
[33]孙聚杰.3D打印材料及研究热点[J].丝网印刷,2013(12):34-39.
[34]张文君,方辉,袁泽林,等.桌面型FDM 3D打印设备的优化设计与精度分析[J].机械,2018,45(1):5-10.