14Cr1MoR钢在高温硫环境中的失效行为
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摘要
采用14Cr1MoR钢制成的焦炭塔,在进料口附近出现了大面积的密集腐蚀坑。采用扫描电子显微镜和金相显微镜对蚀坑内部的宏观形貌和微观组织进行了观察,并采用能谱分析仪和硬度计对蚀坑内的覆盖物成分和母材硬度进行了分析。结果表明:蚀坑内的覆盖层主要含有铁元素、硫元素以及碳元素。焦炭塔进口部位由于介质流动会对塔壁造成冲刷,使塔壁上难形成焦炭保护层或者使附着的焦炭层被冲刷掉。最终导致高含硫的腐蚀介质直接与塔体接触,产生较严重的高温硫腐蚀。
A coke drum made of 14 Cr1 MoR steel had a large area of dense corrosion pits near the feed port.The macroscopic morphology and microstructure of the pits were observed by scanning electron microscopy and metallographic microscopy.The composition of the coating and the hardness of the base material in the pits were analyzed by energy spectrum analyzer and hardness tester.The results show that the coating in the pits mainly contained iron,sulfur and carbon.The entrance of the coke drum would cause erosion of the tower wall due to the flow of the medium,making it difficult to form a coke protective layer on the tower wall or causing the attached coke layer to be washed away.Eventually,the high sulfur corrosive medium was directly contacted with the tower body,resulting in more severe high temperature sulfur corrosion.
A coke drum made of 14 Cr1 MoR steel had a large area of dense corrosion pits near the feed port.The macroscopic morphology and microstructure of the pits were observed by scanning electron microscopy and metallographic microscopy.The composition of the coating and the hardness of the base material in the pits were analyzed by energy spectrum analyzer and hardness tester.The results show that the coating in the pits mainly contained iron,sulfur and carbon.The entrance of the coke drum would cause erosion of the tower wall due to the flow of the medium,making it difficult to form a coke protective layer on the tower wall or causing the attached coke layer to be washed away.Eventually,the high sulfur corrosive medium was directly contacted with the tower body,resulting in more severe high temperature sulfur corrosion.
引文
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[3]THOMAS.API survey of coke drum cracking experience[J].Proc Am Pet Inst Refin Dep.(United States),1981(3):60-65.
[4]宁志华.焦炭塔鼓胀变形与开裂几个问题的研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2010.
[4]高炳军,郭丽丽,李青,等.15CrMoR循环塑性分析与焦炭塔鼓胀开裂预测[J].河北工业大学学报,2014(2):45-49.
[5]李军,聂敏,薛金保,等.焦炭塔用14Cr1MoR钢的焊接[J].焊接技术,2005,34(B07):77-78.
[6]茅庆飞.焦炭塔塔体失效及寿命评估研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2012.
[7]刘人怀,宁志华.焦炭塔鼓胀与开裂变形机理及疲劳断裂寿命预测的研究进展[J].压力容器,2007,24(2):1-8.
[8]吕运容.焦炭塔筒体变形及焊缝开裂机理研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2001.
[9]FUJIBAYASHI S,ENDO T.Creep behavior at the intercritical HAZ of a 1.25Cr-0.5Mo steel[J].ISIJ International,2002,42(11):1309-1317.
[10]CHAUDHURI S,GHOSH R N.Creep behavior of2.25Cr1Mo steel-effects of thermal ageing and prestrain[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2009,510(18):136-141.
[11]赵景茂,左禹.碳钢在点蚀/缝隙腐蚀闭塞区模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2002,22(4):193-197.
[12]LI W,LUO J.Pitting corrosion induced by the interaction between microstructures of iron-based alloy in chloride-containing solution[J].Journal of Materials Science Letters,2002,21(15):1195-1198.
[13]BABU S P K,NATARAJAN S.High temperature corrosion and characterization studies in flux cored arc welded 2.25Cr-1Mo power plant steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2010,19(5):743-750.
[14]CHENG Q L,NAI M W,KAI Q Y.Heat transfer analysis of the operation in delayed coking coke drum[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,448/453:3277-3280.
[15]左禹.钢铁材料的高温硫化腐蚀[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,1988(3):12-31.