环境规制的节水效应分析——基于正式环境规制与非正式环境规制的视角
|
摘要
为从根本缓解水资源对工业发展的束缚,反思现有环境规制政策能否有效实现节水效应。基于脱钩测度模型和面板门槛模型,分别验证正式环境规制与工业用水以及非正式环境规制与工业用水的关系,进一步引入正式与非正式环境规制的交互项进行分析。结果表明,环境规制与工业用水量处于从"震荡波动"到"持续脱钩"的状态,工业用水量随着环境规制的变化出现平稳或者减少的趋势。正式和非正式环境规制与工业用水量之间都呈倒U型曲线关系,用水库兹涅茨曲线存在。此外,正式环境规制与非正式环境规制之间存在双向传导路径,相互促进对方对工业用水的作用效果。因此,政府需要强化对非正式环境规制的重视,增强环境规制工具的节水效应,促进工业企业的转型升级。
In order to fundamentally alleviate the constraints of water resources on industrial development, we should reflect on whether the existing environmental regulation policies can effectively achieve the water-saving effect. Based on the decoupling measure model and the panel threshold model, the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial water use is verified from two aspects of formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation, and the interaction of formal and informal environmental regulations is further introduced. The results show that the environmental regulation and industrial water consumption are in the state of "oscillation" and "continuous decoupling". The trend of industrial water consumption is stable or reduced with the change of environmental regulation. The relationship between formal and informal environmental regulation and industrial water consumption is inverted U curve, and the water Kuznets curve exists. In addition, there is a two-way transmission path between formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation, which promotes each other's effect on industrial water. Therefore, the government needs to strengthen the emphasis on informal environmental regulation, enhance the water-saving effect of environmental regulation tools, and promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial enterprises.
In order to fundamentally alleviate the constraints of water resources on industrial development, we should reflect on whether the existing environmental regulation policies can effectively achieve the water-saving effect. Based on the decoupling measure model and the panel threshold model, the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial water use is verified from two aspects of formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation, and the interaction of formal and informal environmental regulations is further introduced. The results show that the environmental regulation and industrial water consumption are in the state of "oscillation" and "continuous decoupling". The trend of industrial water consumption is stable or reduced with the change of environmental regulation. The relationship between formal and informal environmental regulation and industrial water consumption is inverted U curve, and the water Kuznets curve exists. In addition, there is a two-way transmission path between formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation, which promotes each other's effect on industrial water. Therefore, the government needs to strengthen the emphasis on informal environmental regulation, enhance the water-saving effect of environmental regulation tools, and promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial enterprises.
引文
[1]YOUSEN W.Water use efficiency and related pollutants’abatement costs of regional industrial systems in China:a slacks-based measure approach [J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,101:301-310.
[2]LANGPAP C,SHIMSHACK J.Private Citizen Suits and public enforcement:substitutes or complements [J].Environmental Economics and Management,2010,59(3) :235-249.
[3]李周.资源库兹涅茨曲线的探索:以水资源为例[C]//黄正夫.“科学发展观与生态经济研究”:中国生态经济学会2004年学术年会论文集.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2004:74-81.
[4]邓朝晖,刘洋,薛惠锋.基于VAR模型的水资源利用与经济增长动态关系研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(6):128-135.
[5]张陈俊,章恒全.新环境库兹涅次曲线:工业用水与经济增长的关系[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(5):116-123.
[6]张峰,宋晓娜,薛惠锋,等.环境规制、技术进步与工业用水强度的脱钩关系与动态响应[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):193-201.
[7]HETTIGE H,HUQ M,PARGAL S,et al.Determinants of pollution abatement in developing countries:evidence from south and Southeast Asia[R].OXFORD:World Development,1996:1891-1904.
[8]吴伟平,何乔.“倒逼”抑或“倒退”?:环境规制减排效应的门槛特征与空间溢出[J].经济管理,2017,39(2):20-34.
[9]任旭东.环境规制对中国能源产业清洁生产的激励机制:一个两阶段博弈分析[J].产业经济评论(山东大学),2015,14(4):17-47.
[10]张平,张鹏鹏,蔡国庆.不同类型环境规制对企业技术创新影响比较研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(4):8-13.
[11]MUNASINGHE M.Is environmental degradation an inevitable consequence of economic growth:tunneling through the Environmental Kuznets Curve[J].Ecological Economics,1999,29(1) :89-109.
[12]贾绍凤,张士锋,杨红,等.工业用水与经济发展的关系:用水库兹涅茨曲线[J].自然资源学报,2004(3):279-284.
[13]邝嫦娥,田银华,李昊匡.环境规制的污染减排效应研究:基于面板门槛模型的检验[J].世界经济文汇,2017(3):84-101.
[14]黄菁,陈霜华.环境污染治理与经济增长:模型与中国的经验研究[J].南开经济研究,2011(1):142-152.
[15]李筱乐.市场化、工业集聚和环境污染的实证分析[J].统计研究,2014,31(8):39-45.
[16]BRAN F,IOAN I.Indicators to measure decoupling of economic growth from ecologic pressure[R].Bucharest:metalurgia international,2009:158-162.
[17]TAPIO P,BANISTER D,LUUKKANEN J,et al.Energy and transport in comparison:immaterialisation,dematerialization and decarburization in the EU15 between 1970 and 2000 [J].Energy policy,2007,35(1):433-451.
[18]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation,testing,and inference [J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93:345-368.
[19]原毅军,谢荣辉.环境规制的产业结构调整效应研究:基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].中国工业经济,2014(8):57-69.
[20]盛业旭,欧名豪,刘琼.资源环境脱钩测度方法:“速度脱钩”还是“数量脱钩”?[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(3):99-103.
[21]徐圆.源于社会压力的非正式性环境规制是否约束了中国的工业污染?[J].财贸研究,2014,25(2):7-15.
[22]薛蕊,苏庆义.环境规制是否影响了污染密集型行业的比较优势?[J].产业经济研究,2014(3):61-70.
[2]LANGPAP C,SHIMSHACK J.Private Citizen Suits and public enforcement:substitutes or complements [J].Environmental Economics and Management,2010,59(3) :235-249.
[3]李周.资源库兹涅茨曲线的探索:以水资源为例[C]//黄正夫.“科学发展观与生态经济研究”:中国生态经济学会2004年学术年会论文集.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2004:74-81.
[4]邓朝晖,刘洋,薛惠锋.基于VAR模型的水资源利用与经济增长动态关系研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(6):128-135.
[5]张陈俊,章恒全.新环境库兹涅次曲线:工业用水与经济增长的关系[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(5):116-123.
[6]张峰,宋晓娜,薛惠锋,等.环境规制、技术进步与工业用水强度的脱钩关系与动态响应[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):193-201.
[7]HETTIGE H,HUQ M,PARGAL S,et al.Determinants of pollution abatement in developing countries:evidence from south and Southeast Asia[R].OXFORD:World Development,1996:1891-1904.
[8]吴伟平,何乔.“倒逼”抑或“倒退”?:环境规制减排效应的门槛特征与空间溢出[J].经济管理,2017,39(2):20-34.
[9]任旭东.环境规制对中国能源产业清洁生产的激励机制:一个两阶段博弈分析[J].产业经济评论(山东大学),2015,14(4):17-47.
[10]张平,张鹏鹏,蔡国庆.不同类型环境规制对企业技术创新影响比较研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(4):8-13.
[11]MUNASINGHE M.Is environmental degradation an inevitable consequence of economic growth:tunneling through the Environmental Kuznets Curve[J].Ecological Economics,1999,29(1) :89-109.
[12]贾绍凤,张士锋,杨红,等.工业用水与经济发展的关系:用水库兹涅茨曲线[J].自然资源学报,2004(3):279-284.
[13]邝嫦娥,田银华,李昊匡.环境规制的污染减排效应研究:基于面板门槛模型的检验[J].世界经济文汇,2017(3):84-101.
[14]黄菁,陈霜华.环境污染治理与经济增长:模型与中国的经验研究[J].南开经济研究,2011(1):142-152.
[15]李筱乐.市场化、工业集聚和环境污染的实证分析[J].统计研究,2014,31(8):39-45.
[16]BRAN F,IOAN I.Indicators to measure decoupling of economic growth from ecologic pressure[R].Bucharest:metalurgia international,2009:158-162.
[17]TAPIO P,BANISTER D,LUUKKANEN J,et al.Energy and transport in comparison:immaterialisation,dematerialization and decarburization in the EU15 between 1970 and 2000 [J].Energy policy,2007,35(1):433-451.
[18]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation,testing,and inference [J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93:345-368.
[19]原毅军,谢荣辉.环境规制的产业结构调整效应研究:基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].中国工业经济,2014(8):57-69.
[20]盛业旭,欧名豪,刘琼.资源环境脱钩测度方法:“速度脱钩”还是“数量脱钩”?[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(3):99-103.
[21]徐圆.源于社会压力的非正式性环境规制是否约束了中国的工业污染?[J].财贸研究,2014,25(2):7-15.
[22]薛蕊,苏庆义.环境规制是否影响了污染密集型行业的比较优势?[J].产业经济研究,2014(3):61-70.