鼠李糖乳杆菌对全株玉米青贮品质及瘤胃降解率的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG,LGG)对全株玉米青贮品质及瘤胃降解率的影响。采用单因素试验设计,设置对照组(CON)和LGG处理组(添加10~5 CFU/g鲜重LGG),于0、24、36、48d取样,测定其常规营养价值、发酵品质和瘤胃降解特性。结果表明:与CON组相比,LGG组干物质(DM)和粗蛋白质(CP)含量在48 d下降,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)在36 d后显著降低,淀粉含量在36 d显著升高;不同天数的pH均显著下降;36 d和48 d乳酸含量显著升高,乙酸和丙酸在24 d时显著升高;氨态氮在整个发酵过程中变化不显著;LGG组DM慢速降解速率常数c和有效降解率(ED)均显著高于CON组; LGG组CP快速降解参数a、慢速降解速率常数c和ED显著升高,LGG组NDF慢速降解参数b和ED显著升高(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,鼠李糖乳杆菌能显著改善全株玉米青贮发酵品质,提高DM、CP和NDF在瘤胃内的ED。
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(LGG) on the silage quality and rumen degradation rate of whole plant corn. Single factor experiment design was used to set the control group(CON)and LGG treatment group(add 105 CFU/g fresh weight LGG) and sample at d 0, 24, 36, 48 to determine their conventional nutritional value, fermentation quality and rumen degradation characteristics. The results showed that compared with the CON group, the dry matter(DM) and crude protein(CP) contents of the LGG group decreased at d 48(P<0.05), and the neutral detergent fibers and acid detergent fibers decreased significantly at d 36 and 48. The starch content increased significantly at d 36; the pH of different days decreased significantly; the lactic acid content increased significantly after d 36, acetic acid and propionic acid were There was a significant increase at d 24. The ammonia nitrogen did not change significantly during the whole fermentation process. The slow degradation rate constant and effective degradation rate(ED) of DM in LGG group were significantly higher than those in CON group. The rapid degradation parameters a, the slow rate degradation rate constant c and the effective degradation rate ED of the LGG group were significantly increased, and the ADF slow degradation parameter b and the effective degradation rate ED of the LGG group were increased. Lactobacillus rhamnosus can significantly improve the fermentation quality of whole plant corn silage and improve the effective degradation rate of dry matter, protein and neutral detergent fiber in the rumen.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(LGG) on the silage quality and rumen degradation rate of whole plant corn. Single factor experiment design was used to set the control group(CON)and LGG treatment group(add 105 CFU/g fresh weight LGG) and sample at d 0, 24, 36, 48 to determine their conventional nutritional value, fermentation quality and rumen degradation characteristics. The results showed that compared with the CON group, the dry matter(DM) and crude protein(CP) contents of the LGG group decreased at d 48(P<0.05), and the neutral detergent fibers and acid detergent fibers decreased significantly at d 36 and 48. The starch content increased significantly at d 36; the pH of different days decreased significantly; the lactic acid content increased significantly after d 36, acetic acid and propionic acid were There was a significant increase at d 24. The ammonia nitrogen did not change significantly during the whole fermentation process. The slow degradation rate constant and effective degradation rate(ED) of DM in LGG group were significantly higher than those in CON group. The rapid degradation parameters a, the slow rate degradation rate constant c and the effective degradation rate ED of the LGG group were significantly increased, and the ADF slow degradation parameter b and the effective degradation rate ED of the LGG group were increased. Lactobacillus rhamnosus can significantly improve the fermentation quality of whole plant corn silage and improve the effective degradation rate of dry matter, protein and neutral detergent fiber in the rumen.
引文
[1]樊振,马贵军,姚峻,等.不同发酵类型乳酸菌对玉米青贮发酵品质的影响[J].饲料研究,2014(1):43-45,70.
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[6]刘玉婷,吴明阳,靳艳玲,等.鼠李糖乳杆菌利用甘薯废渣产乳酸的研究[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1767-1777.
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[8]AOAC International.Official Methods of Analysis[M].18th edition.Arlington,Va,USA:Association of Analytical Chemists,2005.
[9]Van Soest PJ,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].J Dairy Sci,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
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[12]卢定强,徐蓓,李晖,等.反相高效液相色谱法同时测定乳酸及乳酸甲酯[J].精细化工,2007(2):206-208.
[13]青贮饲料质量评定标准(试行)[J].中国饲料,1996(21):5-7.
[14]孟庆翔,译.奶牛营养需要[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2001:55.
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[16]汪营.奶牛粗饲料瘤胃降解及微生物附着规律的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[17]添加糖蜜和青贮添加剂对"张杂谷"全株青贮发酵品质的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(5):1382-1387.
[18]王海林,陈凤林,马慧.乳酸菌制剂对去穗玉米秸青贮营养成分及其奶牛瘤胃降解率的影响[J].中国乳业,2013(5):80-84.
[19]Teresa Hernández,Carmen Martínez,Amelia Hernández.Influence of Solvent Extraction on the Dietary Fibre Fractions of Alfalfa Protein Contentrates[J].J Sci Food Agr,2010,68(2):187-190.
[20]Li Y,Yu C,Zhu W,et al.Effect of complex Lactic acid bacteria on silage quality and in vitro dry matter digestibility of corn straw[J].J Anim Vet Adv,2012,11(9):1395-1399.
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[22]Tabacco E,Piano S,Revello-Chion A,et al.Effect of Lactobacillus buchneri LN4637 and Lactobacillus buchneri LN40177 on the aerobic stability,fermentation products,and microbial populations of corn silage under farm conditions[J].J Dairy Sci,2011,94(11):5589-5598.
[23]闫贵龙,曹春梅,刁其玉,等.不同季节对青贮窖中全株玉米青贮品质和营养价值的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2010,41(5):557-563.
[24]Zeni D,Kozloski G V,Gindri M,et al.Nutritional impact of crude glycerine infusion into the rumen of wethers fed a tropical or a temperate forage grass[J].J Agr Sci,2016,154(7):1306-1316.
[25]苗树君.不同生物制剂处理去穗玉米结青贮对奶牛营养价值的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,34(5):27-30.
[26]张佩华,王加启,贺建华,等.青贮对饲料稻秸秆DM和NDF瘤胃降解特性的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(6):80-84.
[2]Wang X L,Zhang H J,Sun Q Z,et al.Research progress of lactic acid bacteria and its additives in forage grass silage system[J].J Chin Vet Med,2012,6:20-23.
[3]Yunes R A,Poluektova E U,Dyachkova M S,et al.GABAproduction and structure of gadB/gadC genes in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains from human microbiota[J].Anaerobe,2016,42:197-204.
[4]Walter J.Ecological role of Lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tract:implications for fundamental and biomedical research[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2008,74(16):4985.
[5]Seminario-Amez M,López-López J,Estrugo-Devesa A,et al.Probiotics and oral health:a systematic review[J].Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal,2017,22(3):e282-e288.
[6]刘玉婷,吴明阳,靳艳玲,等.鼠李糖乳杆菌利用甘薯废渣产乳酸的研究[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1767-1777.
[7]全国饲料工业标准化技术委员会.饲料采样GB/T 14699.1-2005/ISO6497:2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.
[8]AOAC International.Official Methods of Analysis[M].18th edition.Arlington,Va,USA:Association of Analytical Chemists,2005.
[9]Van Soest PJ,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].J Dairy Sci,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[10]Sun X Q,Gibbs S J.Diurnal variation in fatty acid profiles in rumen digesta from dairy cows grazing high-quality pasture[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2012,177(3-4):152-160.
[11]Weatherburn M W.Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia[J].Analytical Chem,1967,39(8):971-974.
[12]卢定强,徐蓓,李晖,等.反相高效液相色谱法同时测定乳酸及乳酸甲酯[J].精细化工,2007(2):206-208.
[13]青贮饲料质量评定标准(试行)[J].中国饲料,1996(21):5-7.
[14]孟庆翔,译.奶牛营养需要[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2001:55.
[15]Φrskov E R,Mcdonald I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of pasage[J].J Agric Sci,1979,92:499-503.
[16]汪营.奶牛粗饲料瘤胃降解及微生物附着规律的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[17]添加糖蜜和青贮添加剂对"张杂谷"全株青贮发酵品质的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(5):1382-1387.
[18]王海林,陈凤林,马慧.乳酸菌制剂对去穗玉米秸青贮营养成分及其奶牛瘤胃降解率的影响[J].中国乳业,2013(5):80-84.
[19]Teresa Hernández,Carmen Martínez,Amelia Hernández.Influence of Solvent Extraction on the Dietary Fibre Fractions of Alfalfa Protein Contentrates[J].J Sci Food Agr,2010,68(2):187-190.
[20]Li Y,Yu C,Zhu W,et al.Effect of complex Lactic acid bacteria on silage quality and in vitro dry matter digestibility of corn straw[J].J Anim Vet Adv,2012,11(9):1395-1399.
[21]徐炜,师尚礼,祁娟,等.不同添加剂对夏河县紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(2):21-24.
[22]Tabacco E,Piano S,Revello-Chion A,et al.Effect of Lactobacillus buchneri LN4637 and Lactobacillus buchneri LN40177 on the aerobic stability,fermentation products,and microbial populations of corn silage under farm conditions[J].J Dairy Sci,2011,94(11):5589-5598.
[23]闫贵龙,曹春梅,刁其玉,等.不同季节对青贮窖中全株玉米青贮品质和营养价值的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2010,41(5):557-563.
[24]Zeni D,Kozloski G V,Gindri M,et al.Nutritional impact of crude glycerine infusion into the rumen of wethers fed a tropical or a temperate forage grass[J].J Agr Sci,2016,154(7):1306-1316.
[25]苗树君.不同生物制剂处理去穗玉米结青贮对奶牛营养价值的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,34(5):27-30.
[26]张佩华,王加启,贺建华,等.青贮对饲料稻秸秆DM和NDF瘤胃降解特性的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(6):80-84.