核电汽轮发电机定子内部短路故障对转子涡流损耗影响
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摘要
针对核电汽轮发电机定子内部短路故障后转子表面涡流损耗的分布问题,结合场路耦合数学模型和涡流损耗计算方法对该问题进行了详细的研究。首先建立了核电汽轮发电机场-路耦合时步有限元数学模型,计算发电机故障前后影响转子表面损耗的气隙磁密,并采用快速傅里叶法对气隙磁密进行谐波分析,进一步研究了故障后各次谐波的瞬态变化以及不同故障工况下气隙磁密各次谐波幅值平均值的变化特性。其次,计算并分析核电汽轮发电机定子绕组短路故障前后,转子表面小齿和槽楔的瞬态涡流损耗与一个周期的平均涡流损耗,并进一步揭示了不同故障工况下,转子表面小齿,大齿和槽楔平均涡流损耗的分布规律,得到一些有意义的结论,为转子温升的计算提供了理论基础。
Aim at the distribution problem of the eddy current losses on rotor surface in nuclear power turbo-generator after stator internal short-circuit fault,the problem was studied in detail by combining the field-circuit coupled mathematical model and eddy current losses calculation method. First,the mathematical model of field-circuit coupled finite element was established. The air-gap flux density was calculated before and after turbo-generator fault,which affects eddy current losses of the rotor surface. The harmonic analysis for air-gap flux density was conducted by FFT approach. Furthermore,the transient change of harmonics after stator short-circuit fault and the variation characteristics of average values of different harmonic amplitudes under different fault conditions are researched. Then,the transient losses and average losses of small teeth and rotor wedge on the rotor surface during a period were calculated and ana-lyzed before and after short-circuit fault in the stator winding of nuclear power turbo-generator. The distribution laws of average eddy current losses of big teeth,small teeth,and rotor wedge were revealed under different fault conditions. Some significant conclusions are gained,which provides a theoretical basis for calculating the temperature rise of the rotor.
Aim at the distribution problem of the eddy current losses on rotor surface in nuclear power turbo-generator after stator internal short-circuit fault,the problem was studied in detail by combining the field-circuit coupled mathematical model and eddy current losses calculation method. First,the mathematical model of field-circuit coupled finite element was established. The air-gap flux density was calculated before and after turbo-generator fault,which affects eddy current losses of the rotor surface. The harmonic analysis for air-gap flux density was conducted by FFT approach. Furthermore,the transient change of harmonics after stator short-circuit fault and the variation characteristics of average values of different harmonic amplitudes under different fault conditions are researched. Then,the transient losses and average losses of small teeth and rotor wedge on the rotor surface during a period were calculated and ana-lyzed before and after short-circuit fault in the stator winding of nuclear power turbo-generator. The distribution laws of average eddy current losses of big teeth,small teeth,and rotor wedge were revealed under different fault conditions. Some significant conclusions are gained,which provides a theoretical basis for calculating the temperature rise of the rotor.
引文
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[15]叶志军,游佰强,J Rosendahl,等.基于FLUX 2D的大型同步发电机在额定运行下定子绕组匝间短路故障特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):125.YE Zhijun,YOU Baiqiang,J Rosendahl,et al. Fault characteristic study based on FLUX 2D for large synchronous generators with stator winding inter-turnshort circuits under rated operating conditions[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):125.
[16]万书亭,李和明,许兆凤,等.定子绕组匝间短路对发电机定转子径向振动特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(4):157.WAN Shuting,LI Heming,XU Zhaofeng,et al. Analysis of generator vibration characteristic on statorwinding inter-turn short circuit fault[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(4):157.
[17]李伟力,孙佳慧,孙宏丽.汽轮发电机稳态与负序工况下转子涡流损耗计算和温度场分析[J].电工与技术学报,2012,27(9):157.LI Weili,SUN Jiahui,SUN Hongli. Calculation and analysis of eddy loss and temperature field in rotorof synchronous generator under steady state and negative sequence[J]. Transactions of China Electro technical Society,2012,27(9):157.
[18]张春莉,胡刚,王立芳.大型核电半速汽轮发电机负载承载能力研究[J].大电机技术,2014(7):13.ZHANG Chunli,HU Gang,WANG Lifang. Study on negative-sequence endurance for large nuclear turbogenerator with 1500r/min[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2014(7):13.
[2]付敏,陈洋. U型单相永磁同步电机振动及噪声的有限元分析[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2015,20(3):86.FU Min,CHEN Yang. The vibration and noise fin-ite element analysisi of U type single phase perma-nent magnet synchronous motor[J]. Journal of H-arbin University of Science and Technology,2015,20(3):86.
[3]桂林,王祥桁,王剑,等.大型汽轮发电机绕组同槽同相调查及保护方案定量化设计[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(17):75.GUI Lin,WANG Xiangheng,WANG Jian,et al. Investigation of turn-to-turn fault ratio and quantitative design of main protection configuration scheme for large-sized turbo-generator[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(17):75.
[4]屠黎明,胡敏强,肖仕武,等.发电机定子绕组内部故障分析方法[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(17):47.TU Liming,HU Minqiang,XIAO Shiwu,et al. Research methods of the generator with internal armature winding fault[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2001,25(17):47.
[5]王祥桁,孙宇光,桂林,等.大型水轮发电机多回路模型的合理简化[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(3):63.WANG Xiangheng,SUN Yuguang,GUI Lin,et al. Reasonable simplification of the multi-loop model ofthe large hydro generators[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2007,27(3):63.
[6]高景徳,王祥桁,李发海.交流电机及其系统分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1993.
[7]孙宇光,王祥桁,桂林,等.场路耦合发计算同步发电机内部故障的暂态过程[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(1):136.SUN Yuguang,WANG Xiangheng,GUI Lin,et al. Transient calculation of stator’s internal faults in synchronous generator using FEM coupled with multi-loop method[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(1):136.
[8]许佰强,王祥桁,毕大强,等.同步发电机多回路-有限元耦合数学模型及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2005,29(7):33.XU Boqiang,WANG Xiangheng,BI Daqiang,et al. Synchrongous generator MLM-FEM coupled mathematical model and its application to stator ground fault transient analysis[J]. Automation of Electric Power System,2005,29(7):33.
[9] PETER P Reichmeider,DALE Querry,CHARLES A Gross,et al. Partitioning of synchronous machine winding for internal fault analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2000,15(4):372.
[10] SIVAKUMAR Nadarajan,S K Panda,BICKY Bhangu,et al.Hybrid model for wound-rotor synchronous generator to detect and diagnose turn-to-turn short-circuit fault in stator windings[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015, 62(3):1888.
[11]戈宝军,肖士勇,吕艳玲,等.水轮发电机定子绕组内部故障暂态电流研究[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(3):40-45,3.GE Baojun,XIAO Shiyong,LV Yanling,et al. Transient current study of hydro-generator stator winding internal fault[J]. Electric Machine and Control,2014,18(3):40-45,3.
[12]夏长亮,金雪峰,方红伟,等.基于R/S分析和小波变换的同步发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障分析[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(6):101.XIA Changliang,JIN Xuefeng,FANG Hongwei,et al. Fault analysis of internal stator wingdings in synchronous generator based on R/S and wavelet transform[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2006,21(6):101.
[13]孙宇光,王祥桁,桂林,等.汽轮发电机定子内部故障的负序阻抗方向保护[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2011,51(3):371.SUN Yuguang,WANG Xiangheng,GUI Lin,et al. Negative-sequence impedance directional protection forstator internal faults in turbo-generators[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Sci&Tech),2011,51(3):371.
[14]方红伟,夏长亮,修杰,等.定子绕组匝间短路时发电机电磁转矩分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(15):83.FANG Hongwei,XIA Changliang,XIU Jie,et al. Analysis of generator electromagnetic torque on armature winding inter-turn short circuit[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2007,27(15):83.
[15]叶志军,游佰强,J Rosendahl,等.基于FLUX 2D的大型同步发电机在额定运行下定子绕组匝间短路故障特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):125.YE Zhijun,YOU Baiqiang,J Rosendahl,et al. Fault characteristic study based on FLUX 2D for large synchronous generators with stator winding inter-turnshort circuits under rated operating conditions[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):125.
[16]万书亭,李和明,许兆凤,等.定子绕组匝间短路对发电机定转子径向振动特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(4):157.WAN Shuting,LI Heming,XU Zhaofeng,et al. Analysis of generator vibration characteristic on statorwinding inter-turn short circuit fault[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(4):157.
[17]李伟力,孙佳慧,孙宏丽.汽轮发电机稳态与负序工况下转子涡流损耗计算和温度场分析[J].电工与技术学报,2012,27(9):157.LI Weili,SUN Jiahui,SUN Hongli. Calculation and analysis of eddy loss and temperature field in rotorof synchronous generator under steady state and negative sequence[J]. Transactions of China Electro technical Society,2012,27(9):157.
[18]张春莉,胡刚,王立芳.大型核电半速汽轮发电机负载承载能力研究[J].大电机技术,2014(7):13.ZHANG Chunli,HU Gang,WANG Lifang. Study on negative-sequence endurance for large nuclear turbogenerator with 1500r/min[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2014(7):13.