新疆青年大学生HIV感染情况及艾滋病知识行为调查
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摘要
目的调查了解新疆青年大学生的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染情况以及艾滋病(AIDS)知识知晓情况和行为特征。方法采用整群抽样法抽取新疆两市的3 256名大学生作为调查对象,入组对象均进行HIV抗体检测,并发放调查问卷了解其对AIDS相关知识的知晓情况及行为特征。结果 HIV抗体阳性检出率0.03%,梅毒抗体阳性检出率0.18%,HCV抗体阳性检出率0.74%。AIDS知识总知晓率94.90%,AIDS知晓率随着年份及年级的升高而升高(P<0.05)。年份与被调查者性行为比例无线性变化趋势(P>0.05),但与男男性行为比例随着年份的增加而升高(P<0.05)。被调查者中0.43%有吸毒行为,吸毒者中35.71%注射过毒品,7.14%与别人共用过针具。55.19%接受过AIDS相关宣传服务,23.80%参与过AIDS相关宣传,3.38%做过血清学检测。年份、年级分层与AIDS干预服务接受率、参与率、血清学检测率均有线性变化趋势,接受AIDS干预服务、参与AIDS干预服务以及进行血清学检测的比例随着年份的增加而降低,随着年级的升高而升高(P<0.05)。结论新疆青年大学生的HIV感染较低,对AIDS相关知识的知晓情况较好,但安全性行为意识总体不强,青年大学生中存在着各种高危性行为,少数青年大学生还有吸毒行为,是AIDS传播的高风险人群。
Objective To investigate and understand the HIV infection status and AIDS relevant knowledge andbehaviors among young college students in Xinjiang. Methods A total of 3 256 college students were selected from two citiesof Xinjiang as cluster subjects by cluster sampling. All the students were detected for HIV antibody, and questionnaires wereissued to understand their awareness status of AIDS relevant knowledge and behavioral characteristics. Results The positiverate of HIV antibody was 0.03%, the positive rate of syphilis antibody was 0.18%, and the positive rate of HCV antibody was0.74%. The total awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 94.90%, and the AIDS awareness rate increased with the increase ofthe year and grade(P<0.05). There was no linear variation between the year and the proportion of sexual behaviors of therespondents(P>0.05), but the proportion of men who have sex with men(MSM) increased with the increase of the years(P<0.05). Among the respondents, 0.43% of them had drug abuse behavior, 35.71% of the drug addicts had injected drugs, and7.14% shared needles with others. Totally 55.19% of the respondents received AIDS-related promotional services, 23.80%participated in AIDS-related health education, and 3.38% had serological tests. The stratification of the years and grades andthe AIDS intervention service acceptance rate, participation rate, and serological detection rate all showed a linear trend. Theproportion of patients receiving AIDS intervention services, participating in AIDS intervention services, and serological testsdecreased with the increase of the years, and increased with the increase of the grades(P < 0.05). Conclusions The youngcollege students in Xinjiang have lower HIV infection and better AIDS related knowledge, but the overall awareness of safesexual behavior is not strong. There are various high-risk sexual behaviors in young college students, and a few young collegestudents also have drug abuse behaviors, and they are a high-risk group for the spread of AIDS.
Objective To investigate and understand the HIV infection status and AIDS relevant knowledge andbehaviors among young college students in Xinjiang. Methods A total of 3 256 college students were selected from two citiesof Xinjiang as cluster subjects by cluster sampling. All the students were detected for HIV antibody, and questionnaires wereissued to understand their awareness status of AIDS relevant knowledge and behavioral characteristics. Results The positiverate of HIV antibody was 0.03%, the positive rate of syphilis antibody was 0.18%, and the positive rate of HCV antibody was0.74%. The total awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 94.90%, and the AIDS awareness rate increased with the increase ofthe year and grade(P<0.05). There was no linear variation between the year and the proportion of sexual behaviors of therespondents(P>0.05), but the proportion of men who have sex with men(MSM) increased with the increase of the years(P<0.05). Among the respondents, 0.43% of them had drug abuse behavior, 35.71% of the drug addicts had injected drugs, and7.14% shared needles with others. Totally 55.19% of the respondents received AIDS-related promotional services, 23.80%participated in AIDS-related health education, and 3.38% had serological tests. The stratification of the years and grades andthe AIDS intervention service acceptance rate, participation rate, and serological detection rate all showed a linear trend. Theproportion of patients receiving AIDS intervention services, participating in AIDS intervention services, and serological testsdecreased with the increase of the years, and increased with the increase of the grades(P < 0.05). Conclusions The youngcollege students in Xinjiang have lower HIV infection and better AIDS related knowledge, but the overall awareness of safesexual behavior is not strong. There are various high-risk sexual behaviors in young college students, and a few young collegestudents also have drug abuse behaviors, and they are a high-risk group for the spread of AIDS.
引文
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[11]刘燕,钟展华,方巧云,等.惠州市2013-2017年无偿献血者HIV检测结果[J].中国热带医学, 2018, 18(5):480-483.
[12]谢亚利,陈柏芬,罗厚菊.东莞市男男性行为人群HIV抗体定期检测及其影响因素[J].中国热带医学, 2017, 17(12):1229-1233.
[13]张静,冯艳洁.秦皇岛市2014-2016年HIV抗体不确定样本的检测结果分析[J].中国热带医学, 2017, 17(12):1240-1242,1250.
[14]汪钰,赵俊鹏,苏玛茜,等.唐山市无偿献血人群HIV的感染及人群特征分析[J].中国热带医学, 2017, 17(7):699-702.
[15]李沛然,陈霖,郭素丽,等. 331例HIV抗体筛查阳性标本的确证结果分析[J].中国热带医学, 2016, 16(11):1126-1128.
[2]BOKHARAEI-SALIM F, KALANTARI S, GHOLAMYPOUR Z, et al. Investigation of the effects of a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission program among Iranian neonates[J]. Arch Virol,2018, 163(5):1179-1185.
[3]DU H F, CHI P L, LI X M. High HIV prevalence predicts less HIV stigma:a cross-national investigation[J]. AIDS Care, 2018, 30(6):714-721.
[4]王明敬,张焕珍,刘建华.临沂市HIV感染者检测阳性前配偶感染状况调查[J].中华医院感染学杂志, 2018, 28(2):213-217.
[5]迟富利,涛波,杨景元,等.内蒙古男男性接触者HIV感染相关影响因素调查[J].实用预防医学, 2018, 25(2):219-222.
[6]安霞,孙群露,林爱华.深圳市宝安区2012-2016年艾滋病自愿咨询检测情况及HIV感染影响因素分析[J].华南预防医学,2018, 44(2):134-137.
[7]王瑞,于杨,陈杰,等.长春市某高校学生艾滋病知识态度调查[J].中国农村卫生事业管理, 2018, 38(4):500-502.
[8]鲍燕,沈冰,宁镇,等.男男性传播HIV感染者对早期抗病毒治疗的可接受性及影响因素研究[J].上海预防医学, 2018, 30(3):217-222.
[9]邱阳阳,罗丹,程睿,等. HIV感染者/AIDS患者情绪问题及其相关因素分析[J].中南大学学报(医学版), 2014, 39(8):835-841.
[10]魏淑梅,武丽芬,孙国栋,等.邯郸市2002-2013年无偿献血人群HIV检测结果调查分析[J].医学动物防制, 2014, 30(10):1086-1088.
[11]刘燕,钟展华,方巧云,等.惠州市2013-2017年无偿献血者HIV检测结果[J].中国热带医学, 2018, 18(5):480-483.
[12]谢亚利,陈柏芬,罗厚菊.东莞市男男性行为人群HIV抗体定期检测及其影响因素[J].中国热带医学, 2017, 17(12):1229-1233.
[13]张静,冯艳洁.秦皇岛市2014-2016年HIV抗体不确定样本的检测结果分析[J].中国热带医学, 2017, 17(12):1240-1242,1250.
[14]汪钰,赵俊鹏,苏玛茜,等.唐山市无偿献血人群HIV的感染及人群特征分析[J].中国热带医学, 2017, 17(7):699-702.
[15]李沛然,陈霖,郭素丽,等. 331例HIV抗体筛查阳性标本的确证结果分析[J].中国热带医学, 2016, 16(11):1126-1128.