不同倾角下通孔金属泡沫强化蓄热实验研究
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摘要
为了研究不同倾角下纯石蜡及通孔金属泡沫内嵌石蜡熔化过程的特性规律,搭建了固液相变可视化实验系统,利用该系统对蓄热过程中相界面的迁移进行了观察及记录,以探索不同倾角下自然对流对石蜡相变蓄热过程影响的作用机制。实验结果表明:在相变换热装置倾角不为零(θ≠0°)状态下固液相界面由于液体区域内自然对流的影响而呈现倾斜状态;在水平(θ=0°)状态下固液相界面宏观上基本水平,纯石蜡水平熔化时微观呈现锯齿状相界面;不同倾角对纯石蜡熔化过程具有很大影响,随着θ逐渐减小,相变材料完全熔化时间越来越短,水平时纯石蜡熔化时间比30°、60°及90°倾角时分别减少14.77%、25%和34.16%。倾角对石蜡内嵌金属泡沫蓄热过程的影响可以忽略不计。
To study the melting behaviors of pure paraffin and the paraffin embedded in open-cell metal foam under different inclination angles between the metal foam enclosure and ground,an experimental system enabling visualization of solid-liquid interface was built.The system was used to observe and record the evolution of phase change interface in the melting process to justify the contribution of natural convection under different inclination angles to the migration of melting front.Results demonstrated that the solid-liquid interface was found to be tilted in the inclined(θ≠0°)position.At the horizontal state(θ=0°),the interface for pure paraffin was overall horizontal but locally serrated.Different inclination angles were found to have great influence on the melting process of pure paraffin.The full melting time was reduced with the decrease of inclination angelθ.The full melting time of pure paraffin in horizontal position was decreased by 14.77%,25%and 34.16%in comparison with 30-degree,60-degree and 90-degree cases,respectively.This indicates that the contribution of inclination angle to the thermal storage process of paraffin embedded in metal foam can be neglected.
To study the melting behaviors of pure paraffin and the paraffin embedded in open-cell metal foam under different inclination angles between the metal foam enclosure and ground,an experimental system enabling visualization of solid-liquid interface was built.The system was used to observe and record the evolution of phase change interface in the melting process to justify the contribution of natural convection under different inclination angles to the migration of melting front.Results demonstrated that the solid-liquid interface was found to be tilted in the inclined(θ≠0°)position.At the horizontal state(θ=0°),the interface for pure paraffin was overall horizontal but locally serrated.Different inclination angles were found to have great influence on the melting process of pure paraffin.The full melting time was reduced with the decrease of inclination angelθ.The full melting time of pure paraffin in horizontal position was decreased by 14.77%,25%and 34.16%in comparison with 30-degree,60-degree and 90-degree cases,respectively.This indicates that the contribution of inclination angle to the thermal storage process of paraffin embedded in metal foam can be neglected.
引文
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[18]TIAN Y,ZHAO C Y.A numerical investigation of heat transfer in phase change materials(PCMs)embedded in porous metals[J].Energy,2011,36(9):5539-5546.
[19]YANG X,WANG W,YANG C,et al.Solidification of fluid saturated in open-cell metallic foams with graded morphologies[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,98:60-69.
[2]连红奎,李艳,束光阳子,等.我国工业余热回收利用技术综述[J].节能技术,2011,29(2):123-128.LIAN Hong-kui,LI Yan,SHU Guang-yangzi,et al.An overview of domestic technologies for waste heat utilization[J]. Energy Conservation Technology,2011,29(2):123-128.
[3]王如竹,王丽伟,蔡军,等.工业余热热泵及余热网络化利用的研究现状与发展趋势[J].制冷学报,2017,38(2):1-10.WANG Ruzhu,WANG Liwei,CAI Jun,et al.Research status and trends on industrial heat pump and network utilization of waste heat[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2017,38(2):1-10.
[4]赵杰,唐炳涛,张淑芬,等.相变储能材料在工业余热回收中的应用[J].化工进展,2009,28(S1):63-65.
[5] KHAN Z,KHAN Z,GHAFOOR A.A review of performance enhancement of PCM based latent heat storage system within the context of materials,thermal stability and compatibility[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2016,115:132-158.
[6] YANG X H,LU T J,KIM T.Temperature effects on the effective thermal conductivity of phase change materials with two distinctive phases[J].International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2011,38(10):1344-1348.
[7] ZHAO C Y,WU Z G.Heat transfer enhancement of high temperature thermal energy storage using metal foams and expanded graphite[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2011,95(2):636-43.
[8]卢天健,何德坪,陈常青,等.超轻多孔金属材料的多功能特性及应用[J].力学进展,2006,36(4):517-535.LU Tianjian,HE Deping,CHEN Changqing,et al.The multi-functionality of ultra-light porous metals and their applications[J].Advances in Mechanics,2006,36(4):517-535.
[9] ZHAO C Y,LU W,TIAN Y.Heat transfer enhancement for thermal energy storage using metal foams embedded within phase change materials(PCMs)[J].Solar Energy,2010,84(8):1402-1412.
[10]QU Z G,LI W Q,TAO W Q.Numerical model of the passive thermal management system for high-power lithium ion battery by using porous metal foam saturated with phase change material[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(8):3904-3913.
[11]FENG S S,KUANG J J,WEN T,et al.An experimental and numerical study of finned metal foam heat sinks under impinging air jet cooling[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,77:1063-1074.
[12]杨肖虎,邝九杰,白佳希,等.高孔隙率通孔金属泡沫有效导热系数的实验和理论研究[J].西安交通大学学报,2014,48(4):79-84.YANG Xiaohu,KUANG Jiujie,BAI Jiaxi,et al.Experimental and analytic investigations for effective thermal conductivity in high porosity metallic foams[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2014,48(4):79-84.
[13]ZHANG P,MENG Z N,ZHU H,et al.Melting heat transfer characteristics of a composite phase change material fabricated by paraffin and metal foam[J].Applied Energy,2017,185:1971-1983.
[14]XIAO X,ZHANG P,LI M.Preparation and thermal characterization of paraffin/metal foam composite phase change material[J].Applied Energy,2013,112:1357-1366.
[15]CHEN Z,GAO D,SHI J.Experimental and numerical study on melting of phase change materials in metal foams at pore scale[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,72:646-655.
[16]李达志,崔海亭,刘凤青,等.填充泡沫铜对石蜡相变蓄热性能的试验研究[J].流体机械,2012,40(5):54-57.LI Dazhi,CUI Haiting,LIU Fengqing,et al.Experimental investigation on the heat storage by paraffin filled with high porosity copper foam[J].Fluid Machinery,2012,40(5):54-57.
[17]姚元鹏,吴慧英,刘振宇.泡沫铜强化石蜡相变蓄热特性的数值分析[J].热科学与技术,2015,14(2):87-93.YAO Yuanpeng,WU Huiying,LIU Zhenyu.Numerical study on phase change heat storage enhancement of paraffin using metal foam[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2015,14(2):87-93.
[18]TIAN Y,ZHAO C Y.A numerical investigation of heat transfer in phase change materials(PCMs)embedded in porous metals[J].Energy,2011,36(9):5539-5546.
[19]YANG X,WANG W,YANG C,et al.Solidification of fluid saturated in open-cell metallic foams with graded morphologies[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,98:60-69.
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