环形管填充金属泡沫强化相变蓄热可视化实验
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摘要
针对管壳式相变蓄热器中换热基本单元——换热管开展了强化换热研究,通过在相变材料侧添加金属泡沫以强化蓄热。为了探索金属泡沫对相变蓄热过程强化的效果,设计搭建了相界面可视化的相变蓄热实验台,采用高清摄像机记录换热管内外侧相界面变化过程;通过在径向和轴向布置热电偶以获取相变过程的实时温度响应。测量了流速0.15 m·s~(-1)下光管和金属泡沫管的蓄热过程,实验结果表明:在相同实验条件(初温、入口流量/温度)下,添加金属泡沫能明显提高蓄热效率,达到相同蓄热效果下纯石蜡管所需时间是金属泡沫管的2.9倍;添加金属泡沫后各测点的温度响应速率均高于对照组,各测试点的温差更小且变化更均匀。
Intensified heat transfer research was carried out for the heat exchange basic unit-heat exchange tube in the tube-and-tube phase change regenerator. The metal foam was added on the side of the phase change material to enhance the heat storage. Phase interface was recorded by a high-definition camera during the charging process.Ttype thermocouples were attached separately on the radial and axial sides of the PCM. Charging processes of smooth tube and metal foam tube were quantified under the flow rate of 0.15 m · s~(-1). The results demonstrated that the involvement of metal foam can significantly enhance the efficiency of thermal energy storage under the same charging condition(initial temperature,inlet temperature and flow rate). It took over 2.9 more times for the melting time of pure paraffin than that of metal foam under the same condition. The temperature response rate of metal foam tube was much higher and the temperature distribution was more uniform, in comparison with that of smooth tube.
Intensified heat transfer research was carried out for the heat exchange basic unit-heat exchange tube in the tube-and-tube phase change regenerator. The metal foam was added on the side of the phase change material to enhance the heat storage. Phase interface was recorded by a high-definition camera during the charging process.Ttype thermocouples were attached separately on the radial and axial sides of the PCM. Charging processes of smooth tube and metal foam tube were quantified under the flow rate of 0.15 m · s~(-1). The results demonstrated that the involvement of metal foam can significantly enhance the efficiency of thermal energy storage under the same charging condition(initial temperature,inlet temperature and flow rate). It took over 2.9 more times for the melting time of pure paraffin than that of metal foam under the same condition. The temperature response rate of metal foam tube was much higher and the temperature distribution was more uniform, in comparison with that of smooth tube.
引文
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[29]Yang X H,Wang W B,Yang C,et al.Solidification of fluid saturated in open-cell metallic foams with graded morphologies[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,98:60-69.
[30]Wang C Y,Feng L L,Li W,et al.Shape-stabilized phase change materials based on polyethylene glycol/porous carbon composite:the influence of the pore structure of the carbon materials[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2012,105:21-26.
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[32]肖鑫,张鹏.泡沫石墨/石蜡复合相变材料热物性研究[J].工程热物理学报,2013,34(3):530-533.Xiao X,Zhang P.Thermal characterization of graphite foam/paraffin composite phase change material[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2013,34(3):530-533.
[2]Li T X,Lee J H,Wang R Z,et al.Heat transfer characteristics of phase change nanocomposite materials for thermal energy storage application[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,75:1-11.
[3]Tao Y B,Lin C H,He Y L.Effect of surface active agent on thermal properties of carbonate salt/carbon nanomaterial composite phase change material[J].Applied Energy,2015,156:478-489.
[4]Yang X H,Lu Z,Bai Q S,et al.Thermal performance of a shelland-tube latent heat thermal energy storage unit:role of annular fins[J].Applied Energy,2017,202:558-570.
[5]Al-abidi A A,Mat S,Sopian K,et al.Internal and external fin heat transfer enhancement technique for latent heat thermal energy storage in triplex tube heat exchangers[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2013,53(1):147-156.
[6]Rathod M K,Banerjee J.Thermal performance enhancement of shell and tube latent heat storage unit using longitudinal fins[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,75:1084-1092.
[7]Tao Y B,Liu Y K,He Y L.Effects of PCM arrangement and natural convection on charging and discharging performance of shell-and-tube LHS unit[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2017,115:99-107.
[8]Zhang P,Meng Z N,Zhu H,et al.Melting heat transfer characteristics of a composite phase change material fabricated by paraffin and metal foam[J].Applied Energy,2017,185:1971-1983.
[9]Yang X H,Feng S S,Zhang Q L,et al.The role of porous metal foam on the unidirectional solidification of saturating fluid for cold storage[J].Applied Energy,2017,194:508-521.
[10]Wang Z C,Zhang Z Q,Jia L,et al.Paraffin and paraffin/aluminum foam composite phase change material heat storage experimental study based on thermal management of Li-ion battery[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,78:428-436.
[11]Aldoss T K,Rahman M M.Comparison between the single-PCMand multi-PCM thermal energy storage design[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2014,83:79-87.
[12]Sar? A,Alkan C,D??ü?Cü D K,et al.Micro/nano encapsulated ntetracosane and n-octadecane eutectic mixture with polystyrene shell for low-temperature latent heat thermal energy storage applications[J].Solar Energy,2015,115:195-203.
[13]Zheng Y,Barton J L,Tuzla A K,et al.Experimental and computational study of thermal energy storage with encapsulated NaNO3for high temperature applications[J].Solar Energy,2015,115:180-194.
[14]Ibrahim N I,Al-sulaiman F A.,Rahman S,et al.Heat transfer enhancement of phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications:a critical review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,74:26-50.
[15]Yataganbaba A,Ozkahraman B,Kurtbas I.Worldwide trends on encapsulation of phase change materials:a bibliometric analysis(1990-2015)[J].Applied Energy,2017,185:720-731.
[16]Mesalhy O,Lafdi K,Elgafy A,et al.Numerical study for enhancing the thermal conductivity of phase change material(PCM)storage using high thermal conductivity porous matrix[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2005,46(6):847-867.
[17]Siahpush A,O'brien J,Crepeau J.Phase change heat transfer enhancement using copper porous foam[J].Journal of Heat Transfer,2008,130:082301.
[18]Wu Z G,Zhao C Y.Experimental investigations of porous materials in high temperature thermal energy storage systems[J].Solar Energy,2011,85(7):1371-1380.
[19]Xiao X,Zhang P,Li M.Preparation and thermal characterization of paraffin/metal foam composite phase change material[J].Applied Energy,2013,112:1357-1366.
[20]Xiao X,Zhang P,Li M.Effective thermal conductivity of opencell metal foams impregnated with pure paraffin for latent heat storage[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2014,81:94-105.
[21]Xiao X,Zhang P,Li M.Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer performance of nitrate/expanded graphite composite PCMfor solar energy storage[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2015,105:272-284.
[22]吴志根,赵长颖,顾清之.多孔介质在高温相变蓄热中的强化换热[J].化工学报,2012,63(S1):119-122.Wu Z G,Zhao C Y,Gu Q Z.Heat transfer enhancement of high temperature thermal energy storage using porous materials[J].CIESC Joural,2012,63(S1):119-122.
[23]吴志根,陶文铨.金属矩阵材料在相变蓄热中的强化换热分析[J].工程热物理学报,2013,34(2):307-309.Wu Z G,Tao W Q.Analysis of the heat transfer performance of metal matrix matirial in the phase change thermal storage system[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2013,34(2):307-309.
[24]杲东彦,陈振乾.格子Boltzmann方法模拟泡沫金属内相变材料热传导融化传热过程[J].热科学与技术,2011,10(1):6-11.Gao D Y,Chen Z Q.Lattice Boltzmann simulation of conduction melting of phase change materials in metal foams[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2011,10(1):6-11.
[25]杲东彦,陈振乾,陈凌海.开孔泡沫铝内石蜡融化相变过程的可视化实验研究[J].化工学报,2014,65(S1):95-100.Gao D Y,Chen Z Q,Chen L H.Visualized experiment of paraffin wax in aluminum foam with open cells[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(S1):95-100.
[26]杨佳霖,杜小泽,杨立军,等.泡沫金属强化石蜡相变蓄热过程可视化实验[J].化工学报,2015,66(2):497-503.Yang J L,Du X Z,Yang L J,et al.Visualized experiemnt on dynamic thermal behavior of phase change material in metal foam[J].CIESC Journal,2015,66(2):497-503.
[27]Liu Z Y,Yao Y P,Wu H Y.Numerical modeling for solid-liquid phase change phenomena in porous media:shell-and-tube type latent heat thermal energy storage[J].Applied Energy,2013,112:1222-1232.
[28]Tao Y B,You Y,He Y L.Lattice Boltzmann simulation on phase change heat transfer in metal foams/paraffin composite phase change material[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,93:476-485.
[29]Yang X H,Wang W B,Yang C,et al.Solidification of fluid saturated in open-cell metallic foams with graded morphologies[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,98:60-69.
[30]Wang C Y,Feng L L,Li W,et al.Shape-stabilized phase change materials based on polyethylene glycol/porous carbon composite:the influence of the pore structure of the carbon materials[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2012,105:21-26.
[31]张寅平,胡汉平,孔祥东,等.相变贮能-理论与应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1996:24-25.Zhang Y P,Hu H P,Kong X D,et al.Phase Change Energy Storage Theory and Application[M].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,1996:23-24.
[32]肖鑫,张鹏.泡沫石墨/石蜡复合相变材料热物性研究[J].工程热物理学报,2013,34(3):530-533.Xiao X,Zhang P.Thermal characterization of graphite foam/paraffin composite phase change material[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2013,34(3):530-533.
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