可控震源动态扫描技术及应用
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摘要
交替扫描、滑动扫描和距离分离同步扫描是现今最常用三种可控震源高效扫描技术,且各有其优势和适用条件。由于三种扫描方式的技术特点、施工组织方式和资源需求量差别较大,以往采集施工时只能单独选用其中一种方式,制约了优势技术应用范围和施工效率的提高。为此,研发了可控震源动态扫描技术,它突破了以往可控震源激发仅考虑时间域变化的局限,首次引入空间域理念,通过建立时空关系联合时间域与空间域,从而将交替扫描、滑动扫描及距离分离同步扫描等方式综合考虑并运用,即可根据预设时空关系自由编组并切换扫描方式,使采集作业方式更灵活,施工效率显著提高,且进一步拓展了可控震源应用范围。
The flip-flop sweep,the slip sweep,and the distance separated simultaneous sweep(DS3)are the three most commonly used ways of high-productivity vibroseis technology.Because of their difference in technical characteristics,operation organization,and equipment resource demand,usually only one of them is used independently in the past operation,which limits their application areas and affects the production.In order to solve this problem,a new approach,dynamic sweep,is developed.This approach not only considers the time domain change as in the past,but also adopts the concept of the space domain,and combines them by establishing the time-space relations rules.Thus the flip-flop sweep,the slip sweep,and the DS3 are integrated together.According to the pre-set timespace rule,recording systems can freely group vibrators and switch the sweep modes.The proposed vibroseis dynamic sweep can adapt to more terrain conditions and achieve further higher production.
The flip-flop sweep,the slip sweep,and the distance separated simultaneous sweep(DS3)are the three most commonly used ways of high-productivity vibroseis technology.Because of their difference in technical characteristics,operation organization,and equipment resource demand,usually only one of them is used independently in the past operation,which limits their application areas and affects the production.In order to solve this problem,a new approach,dynamic sweep,is developed.This approach not only considers the time domain change as in the past,but also adopts the concept of the space domain,and combines them by establishing the time-space relations rules.Thus the flip-flop sweep,the slip sweep,and the DS3 are integrated together.According to the pre-set timespace rule,recording systems can freely group vibrators and switch the sweep modes.The proposed vibroseis dynamic sweep can adapt to more terrain conditions and achieve further higher production.
引文
[1] 倪宇东,王井富,马涛,等[J].可控震源地震采集技术的进展.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):349-356.NI Yudong,WANG Jingfu,MA Tao,et al.Advances in vibroseis acquisition[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(3):349-356.
[2] 丁伟,胡立新,何京国,等.可控震源高效地震采集技术研究及应用[J].石油物探,2014,53(3):338-343.DING Wei,HU Lixin,HE Jingguo,et al.The research on vibrator high efficient simulation technology and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(3):338-343.
[3] 周如义,魏铁,张新峰,等.可控震源高效交替扫描作业技术及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊2):15-20.ZHOU Ruyi,WEI Tie,ZHANG Xinfeng,et al.High- efficient alternative sweeping technique of vibroseis and application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(S2):15-20.
[4] 魏国伟,张慕刚,魏铁,等.可控震源滑动扫描采集方法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊2):67-69.WEI Guowei,ZHANG Mugang,WEI Tie,et al.Slide -sweeping acquisition method of vibroseis and application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(S2):67-69.
[5] Bouska J.Distance separated simultaneous sweeping:efficient 3D vibroseis acquisition in Oman[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:1-5.
[6] 杨国平,靳永,靳望.可控震源距离分离同步滑动扫描采集技术//物探技术研讨会专刊[M],2012,628-631.YANG Guoping,JIN Yong,JIN Wang.Distance separated simultaneous sweep//Special Issue of Geophysical Prospecting Technology Symposium[M],2012,628-631.
[7] 王增波,黄少卿,王宝彬,等.独立同步扫描炮集相关和拆分技术及其实现[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(增刊1):110-114.WANG Zengbo,HUANG Shaoqing,WANG Baobin,et al.A forming/correlation method for independent simultaneous sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(S1):110-114.
[8] 骆飞,石双虎,张慕刚,等.可控震源分频同时扫描技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(增刊1):12-16.LUO Fei,SHI Shuanghu,ZHANG Mugang,et al.Vibroseis frequency-separated simultaneous sweep[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(S1):12-16.
[9] 王宝彬,李合群,赵波,等.滑动扫描地震数据的谐波干扰压制[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(1):37-41.WANG Baobin,LI Hequn,ZHAO Bo,et al.Harmonic noise removal on vibroseis slip-sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(1):37-41.
[10] 蓝益军,张树慧,孟银龙,等.滑动扫描谐波的现场压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(4):507-512.LAN Yijun,ZHANG Shuhui,MENG Yinlong,et al.Harmonics on-site suppression on vibroseis slip-sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(4):507-512.
[11] 伍建,王润秋,魏加明,等.可控震源地震数据谐波滤除方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):47-52.WU Jian,WANG Runqiu,WEI Jiaming,et al.A method for vibroseis data harmonic filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(1):47-52.
[12] 林娟,罗勇,刘宜文,等.可控震源滑动扫描谐波干扰压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(5):852-856.LIN Juan,LUO Yong,LIU Yiwen,et al.Harmonic interference suppression on vibroseis slip sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(5):852-856.
[13] 曲英铭,李振春,黄建平,等.自适应匹配预测滤波压制可控震源谐波[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(6):1075-1083.QU Yingming,LI Zhenchun,HUANG Jianping,et al.Vibroseis harmonics suppression based on adaptive matched predictive filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(6):1075-1083.
[14] 曲英铭,李振春,韩文功,等.可控震源高效采集数据特征干扰压制技术[J].石油物探,2016,55(3):395-407.QU Yingming,LI Zhenchun,HAN Wengong,et al.The elimination technology for special interference in vibroseis efficient acquisition data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(3):395-407.
[15] Rozemond H J.Slip-sweep acquisition[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1996,15:64-67.
[16] 曹务祥,张慕刚.滑动扫描谐波分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):499-503.CAO Wuxiang,ZHANG Mugang.Slide-sweeping harmonic analysis[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(5):499-503.
[17] 刘斌,张志林,赵国勇,等.可控震源谐波影响因素分析及对策[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(6):1053-1060.LIU Bin,ZHANG Zhilin,ZHAO Guoyong,et al.Harmonics and its attenuation on vibroseis data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(6):1053-1060.
[18] 李振春,曲英铭,韩文功,等.可控震源两种谐波产生机理与特征研究[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):159- 172.LI Zhenchun,QU Yingming,HAN Wengong,et al.Generation mechanism and characteristics of two kinds of harmonic waves for vibroseis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):159-172.
[19] Meunier J.Analysis of the slip sweep technique[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:9-12.
[20] Bouska J.Distance separated simultaneous sweeping,for fast,clean,vibroseis acquisition[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2010,58(1):123-153.
[2] 丁伟,胡立新,何京国,等.可控震源高效地震采集技术研究及应用[J].石油物探,2014,53(3):338-343.DING Wei,HU Lixin,HE Jingguo,et al.The research on vibrator high efficient simulation technology and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(3):338-343.
[3] 周如义,魏铁,张新峰,等.可控震源高效交替扫描作业技术及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊2):15-20.ZHOU Ruyi,WEI Tie,ZHANG Xinfeng,et al.High- efficient alternative sweeping technique of vibroseis and application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(S2):15-20.
[4] 魏国伟,张慕刚,魏铁,等.可控震源滑动扫描采集方法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊2):67-69.WEI Guowei,ZHANG Mugang,WEI Tie,et al.Slide -sweeping acquisition method of vibroseis and application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(S2):67-69.
[5] Bouska J.Distance separated simultaneous sweeping:efficient 3D vibroseis acquisition in Oman[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:1-5.
[6] 杨国平,靳永,靳望.可控震源距离分离同步滑动扫描采集技术//物探技术研讨会专刊[M],2012,628-631.YANG Guoping,JIN Yong,JIN Wang.Distance separated simultaneous sweep//Special Issue of Geophysical Prospecting Technology Symposium[M],2012,628-631.
[7] 王增波,黄少卿,王宝彬,等.独立同步扫描炮集相关和拆分技术及其实现[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(增刊1):110-114.WANG Zengbo,HUANG Shaoqing,WANG Baobin,et al.A forming/correlation method for independent simultaneous sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(S1):110-114.
[8] 骆飞,石双虎,张慕刚,等.可控震源分频同时扫描技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(增刊1):12-16.LUO Fei,SHI Shuanghu,ZHANG Mugang,et al.Vibroseis frequency-separated simultaneous sweep[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(S1):12-16.
[9] 王宝彬,李合群,赵波,等.滑动扫描地震数据的谐波干扰压制[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(1):37-41.WANG Baobin,LI Hequn,ZHAO Bo,et al.Harmonic noise removal on vibroseis slip-sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(1):37-41.
[10] 蓝益军,张树慧,孟银龙,等.滑动扫描谐波的现场压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(4):507-512.LAN Yijun,ZHANG Shuhui,MENG Yinlong,et al.Harmonics on-site suppression on vibroseis slip-sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(4):507-512.
[11] 伍建,王润秋,魏加明,等.可控震源地震数据谐波滤除方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):47-52.WU Jian,WANG Runqiu,WEI Jiaming,et al.A method for vibroseis data harmonic filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(1):47-52.
[12] 林娟,罗勇,刘宜文,等.可控震源滑动扫描谐波干扰压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(5):852-856.LIN Juan,LUO Yong,LIU Yiwen,et al.Harmonic interference suppression on vibroseis slip sweep data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(5):852-856.
[13] 曲英铭,李振春,黄建平,等.自适应匹配预测滤波压制可控震源谐波[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(6):1075-1083.QU Yingming,LI Zhenchun,HUANG Jianping,et al.Vibroseis harmonics suppression based on adaptive matched predictive filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(6):1075-1083.
[14] 曲英铭,李振春,韩文功,等.可控震源高效采集数据特征干扰压制技术[J].石油物探,2016,55(3):395-407.QU Yingming,LI Zhenchun,HAN Wengong,et al.The elimination technology for special interference in vibroseis efficient acquisition data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(3):395-407.
[15] Rozemond H J.Slip-sweep acquisition[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1996,15:64-67.
[16] 曹务祥,张慕刚.滑动扫描谐波分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):499-503.CAO Wuxiang,ZHANG Mugang.Slide-sweeping harmonic analysis[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(5):499-503.
[17] 刘斌,张志林,赵国勇,等.可控震源谐波影响因素分析及对策[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(6):1053-1060.LIU Bin,ZHANG Zhilin,ZHAO Guoyong,et al.Harmonics and its attenuation on vibroseis data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(6):1053-1060.
[18] 李振春,曲英铭,韩文功,等.可控震源两种谐波产生机理与特征研究[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):159- 172.LI Zhenchun,QU Yingming,HAN Wengong,et al.Generation mechanism and characteristics of two kinds of harmonic waves for vibroseis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):159-172.
[19] Meunier J.Analysis of the slip sweep technique[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:9-12.
[20] Bouska J.Distance separated simultaneous sweeping,for fast,clean,vibroseis acquisition[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2010,58(1):123-153.
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