基于时空变中值滤波的随机噪声压制方法
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摘要
针对一维中值滤波的滤波方向与滤波窗长单一的缺陷,一方面根据反射信号沿同相轴方向的相干特征,分别对每个采样点设置合适的滤波方向;另一方面根据地震数据的相干程度,分别对每个采样点设置合适的滤波窗长,从而得到具有时空变特性的改进中值滤波方法。理论模型与实际数据的处理效果均表明,无论是对于理论模型合成的单炮记录还是波场复杂的实际地震资料,本文方法均能在有效地压制随机噪声的同时,较好地保护有效信号。
Classical one-dimensional median filtering methods have some defects such as singleness in filtering direction and filter window length.To solve these problems,we propose in this paper a method for random noise elimination based on the time-space variant median filtering.On one hand,we set an appropriate filtering direction at every sample point according to the coherence characteristics of reflection events;and on the other hand,we choose an appropriate filtering length at every sample point according to the coherence degree of seismic data.Test results on model and real data show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate random noise on both shot records and seismic sections.
Classical one-dimensional median filtering methods have some defects such as singleness in filtering direction and filter window length.To solve these problems,we propose in this paper a method for random noise elimination based on the time-space variant median filtering.On one hand,we set an appropriate filtering direction at every sample point according to the coherence characteristics of reflection events;and on the other hand,we choose an appropriate filtering length at every sample point according to the coherence degree of seismic data.Test results on model and real data show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate random noise on both shot records and seismic sections.
引文
[1]Bednar J B.Applications of median filtering to deconvolution,pulse estimation,and statistical editing of seismic data.Geophysics,1983,48(12):1598-1610.
[2]Duncan G and Beresford G.Some analyses of 2-D median f-k filters.Geophysics,1995,60(4):1157-1168.
[3]王仰华.垂直地震剖面上下行波场分离技术.石油物探,1986,25(1):23-36.Wang Yanghua.On separation technique of VSP upward and downward travelling components.GPP,1986,25(1):23-36.
[4]张伟,王彦春,李洪臣等.二次中值滤波法进行VSP波场分离.物探化探计算技术,2009,31(6):590-593.Zhang Wei,Wang Yanchun,Li Hongchen et al.VSP wave field separation by using secondary median filter method.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2009,31(6):590-593.
[5]丁拼搏,李录明,邓颖华.非零偏VSP多波波场分离方法.物探化探计算技术,2011,33(5):477-482.Ding Pinbo,Li Luming,Deng Yinghua.Multi-wave wavefield separation in deviat-VSP.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2011,33(5):477-482.
[6]黄明忠,李培明,王彦娟.独立同步激发数据两步法邻炮干扰压制技术研究.石油物探,2012,51(5):464-468.Huang Mingzhong,Li Peiming,Wang Yanjuan.Two-step suppressing method for neighboring-shot interference by using vibroseis independent simultaneous shooting data.GPP,2012,51(5):464-468.
[7]徐海,樊太亮,赵夏等.基于矢量中值滤波的ISS高密度地震数据去噪方法.石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(3):340-344.Xu Hai,Fan Tailiang,Zhao Xia et al.A deblending method based on vector median filter for ISS high density seismic data.OGP,2013,48(3):340-344.
[8]李小红,汪晓兵,肖都建等.中值在地震资料处理中的应用.石油物探,2004,43(3):248-250.Li Xiaohong,Wang Xiaobing,Xiao Dujian et al.Application of median in seismic data processing.GPP,2004,43(3):248-250.
[9]刘财,王典,刘洋等.二维多级中值滤波技术在随机噪声消除中的应用初探.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):163-167.Liu Cai,Wang Dian,Liu Yang et al.Preliminary study of using 2D multi-level median filtering technique to eliminate random noises.OGP,2005,40(2):163-167.
[10]李振春,张成玉,王清振.基于小波变换与多级中值滤波的联合去噪方法.石油物探,2009,48(5):470-474.Li Zhenchun,Zhang Chengyu,Wang Qingzhen.Joint denoising method based on wavelet transform and multi-level median filtering.GPP,2009,48(5):470-474.
[11]王卫华.利用中值相关滤波预测相干信号.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(3):273-282.Wang Weihua.Coherent signal prediction using midvalue correlative filtering.OGP,2000,35(3):273-282.
[12]Huo Shoudong,Luo Yi and Kelamis P.Simultaneous sources separation via multi-directional vector-median filter.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009:28:31-35.
[13]刘洋,刘财,王典等.时变中值滤波技术在地震随机噪声衰减中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):327-332.Liu Yang,Liu Cai,Wang Dian et al.Application of time-variant median filtering technique to attenuation of seismic random noises.OGP,2008,43(3):327-332.
[14]Taner M T,Koehler F.Velocity spectra-digital computer derivation and applications of velocity functions.Geophysics,1969,34(6):859-881.
[2]Duncan G and Beresford G.Some analyses of 2-D median f-k filters.Geophysics,1995,60(4):1157-1168.
[3]王仰华.垂直地震剖面上下行波场分离技术.石油物探,1986,25(1):23-36.Wang Yanghua.On separation technique of VSP upward and downward travelling components.GPP,1986,25(1):23-36.
[4]张伟,王彦春,李洪臣等.二次中值滤波法进行VSP波场分离.物探化探计算技术,2009,31(6):590-593.Zhang Wei,Wang Yanchun,Li Hongchen et al.VSP wave field separation by using secondary median filter method.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2009,31(6):590-593.
[5]丁拼搏,李录明,邓颖华.非零偏VSP多波波场分离方法.物探化探计算技术,2011,33(5):477-482.Ding Pinbo,Li Luming,Deng Yinghua.Multi-wave wavefield separation in deviat-VSP.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2011,33(5):477-482.
[6]黄明忠,李培明,王彦娟.独立同步激发数据两步法邻炮干扰压制技术研究.石油物探,2012,51(5):464-468.Huang Mingzhong,Li Peiming,Wang Yanjuan.Two-step suppressing method for neighboring-shot interference by using vibroseis independent simultaneous shooting data.GPP,2012,51(5):464-468.
[7]徐海,樊太亮,赵夏等.基于矢量中值滤波的ISS高密度地震数据去噪方法.石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(3):340-344.Xu Hai,Fan Tailiang,Zhao Xia et al.A deblending method based on vector median filter for ISS high density seismic data.OGP,2013,48(3):340-344.
[8]李小红,汪晓兵,肖都建等.中值在地震资料处理中的应用.石油物探,2004,43(3):248-250.Li Xiaohong,Wang Xiaobing,Xiao Dujian et al.Application of median in seismic data processing.GPP,2004,43(3):248-250.
[9]刘财,王典,刘洋等.二维多级中值滤波技术在随机噪声消除中的应用初探.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):163-167.Liu Cai,Wang Dian,Liu Yang et al.Preliminary study of using 2D multi-level median filtering technique to eliminate random noises.OGP,2005,40(2):163-167.
[10]李振春,张成玉,王清振.基于小波变换与多级中值滤波的联合去噪方法.石油物探,2009,48(5):470-474.Li Zhenchun,Zhang Chengyu,Wang Qingzhen.Joint denoising method based on wavelet transform and multi-level median filtering.GPP,2009,48(5):470-474.
[11]王卫华.利用中值相关滤波预测相干信号.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(3):273-282.Wang Weihua.Coherent signal prediction using midvalue correlative filtering.OGP,2000,35(3):273-282.
[12]Huo Shoudong,Luo Yi and Kelamis P.Simultaneous sources separation via multi-directional vector-median filter.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009:28:31-35.
[13]刘洋,刘财,王典等.时变中值滤波技术在地震随机噪声衰减中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):327-332.Liu Yang,Liu Cai,Wang Dian et al.Application of time-variant median filtering technique to attenuation of seismic random noises.OGP,2008,43(3):327-332.
[14]Taner M T,Koehler F.Velocity spectra-digital computer derivation and applications of velocity functions.Geophysics,1969,34(6):859-881.