辽河油田N28-7井3D VSP技术攻关实例分析
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摘要
为解决辽河油田地震资料分辨率难以满足小断层、微幅构造识别及二次开发调整等精细地质研究需要的问题,2016年在牛居油田N28-7井开展了3DVSP技术攻关。研究结果表明:(1)3D VSP资料品质提高显著,频带宽度为6~80 Hz,较地面地震拓宽了35 Hz,主频为40 Hz,较地面地震提高了22Hz;(2)观测井的选取至关重要,需要满足"直井、居中、大井深、井况好、地表好"五大原则;(3)结合地质模型和零偏、非零偏VSP试验进行激发、接收参数论证,是优化观测系统设计的关键;(4)噪音控制是3D VSP资料采集过程中必须注意的问题,停止观测井周围1km内设备作业,信噪比提高显著。
The resolution of seismic data in Liaohe oilfield is too low to solve the complicate geological problems such as the interpretation of small fault and micro structure and the second development of oilfield.To solve this problem,3 D VSP technical breakthrough was carried out in N28-7 well of Liaohe oilfield.The main results achieved in this paper are as follows:(1)The 3 D VSP data is of high quality,the frequency bandwidth up to 6~80 Hz,it has been broaden nearly 35 Hz,the main frequency of seismic data is 40 Hz,improved 22 Hz;(2)The reasonable selection of observation well is very important,it needs to meet the requirement as"straight wells,center,deep well,well borehole condition and good surface";(3)It is important to demonstrate the receive and shot parameter by geologic model and VSP test,this is the key to the design of the observation system;(4)Noise control is the key step during3 D VSP acquisition,the signal to noise ratio will be greatly improved when the equipment stop operation that one kilometer around the observation well.
The resolution of seismic data in Liaohe oilfield is too low to solve the complicate geological problems such as the interpretation of small fault and micro structure and the second development of oilfield.To solve this problem,3 D VSP technical breakthrough was carried out in N28-7 well of Liaohe oilfield.The main results achieved in this paper are as follows:(1)The 3 D VSP data is of high quality,the frequency bandwidth up to 6~80 Hz,it has been broaden nearly 35 Hz,the main frequency of seismic data is 40 Hz,improved 22 Hz;(2)The reasonable selection of observation well is very important,it needs to meet the requirement as"straight wells,center,deep well,well borehole condition and good surface";(3)It is important to demonstrate the receive and shot parameter by geologic model and VSP test,this is the key to the design of the observation system;(4)Noise control is the key step during3 D VSP acquisition,the signal to noise ratio will be greatly improved when the equipment stop operation that one kilometer around the observation well.
引文
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[13]徐刚,储仿东,刘国军.多级大阵列井下检波器在VSP勘探中的应用[J].物探装备,2010,20(3):151-154.
[14]王德志,刘天佑,肖都建.三维井地联合Walkaway VSP技术及其在泌阳坳陷中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(2):95-99.
[15]李彦鹏,陈沅忠,徐刚,等.大阵列3DVSP技术在大庆油田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):311-316.
[16]丁日新.大阵列3D-VSP和全方位地面三维地震联合采集、处理及解释在火山岩气藏中的应用——以XS21-1井区为例[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2143-2152.
[17]李俊,张坤,周旭,等.塔中沙漠区可控震源宽线采集试验[J].非常规油气,2015,2(6):17-21.
[18]陈敬国,刘宏飞,刘璐,等.可控震源在复杂障碍区地震勘探中的应用及效果[J].非常规油气,2016,3(4):25-31.
[19]贺海洋,蒲晓东,王新全,等.复杂地区可控震源高效采集技术[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(3):76-83.
[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路——高分辨率地震勘探系统工程剖析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:4-11.
[3]刘振宽,陈树民,王建民,等.大庆探区高分辨率三维地震勘探技术[J].中国石油勘探,2004(4):31-37.
[4]段文燊,吴朝容.川西岩性气藏地震勘探关键技术研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(4):1-6.
[5]张玮,蔡加铭.塔里木盆地塔中沙漠区高分辨率地震勘探效果[J].中国石油勘探,2007(3):43-47.
[6]刘宏合.VSP测井在深层低渗砂岩油藏中的应用[J].断块油气田,2008,15(6):127-128.
[7]王海,臧锋,谢占安,等.南堡滩海地区高精度三维地震采集技术及效果分析[J].中国石油勘探,2010(1):39-43.
[8]王健.VSP测井技术在锦州油田勘探开发中的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2010,24(2):47-49.
[9]严红勇,刘洋,于茜.利用VSP提高地面地震资料的分辨率[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(3):65-68.
[10]郭向宇,凌云,高军,等.井地联合地震勘探技术研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(5):438-450.
[11]陈林.三维VSP技术的应用与展望[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(3):162-167.
[12]JOHNSTON H D.油藏地球物理方法与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012:545-559.
[13]徐刚,储仿东,刘国军.多级大阵列井下检波器在VSP勘探中的应用[J].物探装备,2010,20(3):151-154.
[14]王德志,刘天佑,肖都建.三维井地联合Walkaway VSP技术及其在泌阳坳陷中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(2):95-99.
[15]李彦鹏,陈沅忠,徐刚,等.大阵列3DVSP技术在大庆油田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):311-316.
[16]丁日新.大阵列3D-VSP和全方位地面三维地震联合采集、处理及解释在火山岩气藏中的应用——以XS21-1井区为例[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2143-2152.
[17]李俊,张坤,周旭,等.塔中沙漠区可控震源宽线采集试验[J].非常规油气,2015,2(6):17-21.
[18]陈敬国,刘宏飞,刘璐,等.可控震源在复杂障碍区地震勘探中的应用及效果[J].非常规油气,2016,3(4):25-31.
[19]贺海洋,蒲晓东,王新全,等.复杂地区可控震源高效采集技术[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(3):76-83.