认知参照点与条件性假转句“除非……,否则……”
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摘要
Langacker的认知参照点理论及典型事件模型视角下,阐释条件性假转句"除非……,否则……"强调功能的赋得及其事件概念化过程。研究发现:作为标记性构式,"除非……,否则……"句式的语用功能倾向于强调,强调功能的赋得在于依托关系标记形成两套"参照体—目标"的构式;事件概念化过程"施事-动作-受事"是基于参照点关系的有序列性的心理通达路径;"除非""否则"及分句的主语是认知主体识解的参照点;相较于以往的研究,认知参照点视角下的解释更关注句式内部成分和句式整体的认知关联。
With Langacker's Reference Point Theory and the Canonical Event Model,this paper tries to interpret the pragmatic function and the conceptualization of the event of the conditional hypothetical negative transition compound sentence "Chufei…Fouze…".It is argued that as a marked construction,its pragmatic function tends to express the emphatic function,the emphatic function is obtained in the formation of two sets of the "reference point-target" construction by using the relationship markers;the process "agent-action-patient" in which events are dynamically conceptualized is a sequential mental access route on which the reference-point-relation is based;the relationship markers "Chufei","Fouze" and the subjects of the sub-clauses are the reference points;Compared with existing research,the explanation from the perspective of the Reference Point Theory attaches more importance to the cognitive correlation between the internal components and the whole of sentence patterns.
With Langacker's Reference Point Theory and the Canonical Event Model,this paper tries to interpret the pragmatic function and the conceptualization of the event of the conditional hypothetical negative transition compound sentence "Chufei…Fouze…".It is argued that as a marked construction,its pragmatic function tends to express the emphatic function,the emphatic function is obtained in the formation of two sets of the "reference point-target" construction by using the relationship markers;the process "agent-action-patient" in which events are dynamically conceptualized is a sequential mental access route on which the reference-point-relation is based;the relationship markers "Chufei","Fouze" and the subjects of the sub-clauses are the reference points;Compared with existing research,the explanation from the perspective of the Reference Point Theory attaches more importance to the cognitive correlation between the internal components and the whole of sentence patterns.
引文
[1]郑荣华.“否则”和逆假句--兼论邢福义先生的“假言逆转句”[J].荆门职业技术学院学报,2007,(2):27-33.
[2]冶艳杰,高水云,冶慧颖.也说“否则”类复句[J].语言研究,2014,(4):85-88.
[3]胡丽珍,雷冬平.论“除非”的功能及其句式演变[J].中南大学学报,2007,(2):234-240.
[4]张蕾,李宝伦.副词“才”在复句中的语义及对相关格式的允准[J].世界汉语教学,2018,(1):39-50.
[5]赵新,刘若云.“除非”条件句的语义和语用分析[J].语言研究,2006,(1):17-22.
[6]于宏.“除非”意义探究[J].白城师范学院学报,2016,(10):70-73.
[7]朱斌.“如果A,那么B,否则C”的语义关联及其“否”的辖域[J].世界汉语教学,2011,(4):479-489.
[8]王英泽.“除非A,否则B”句式考察[J].黑龙江科学,2013,(10):216-217.
[9]王春辉.条件句中的“那/那么”[J].汉语学习.2015,(4):41-47.
[10]Langacker,R.W.Reference Point Constructions[J].Cognitive Linguistic,l993(4):l-38.
[11]Rosch,E.Cognitive reference point[J].Cognitive Psychology,1975,(7):532-547.
[12]MacWhinney,R.Starting points[J].Language,1977,53:156-165.
[13]Langacker,R.W.Foundations of Cognitive Grammar.V01.II:Descriptive Application[M].Stanford,Cal:Stanford University Press.1991:170-171.
[14]Chafe,W.Discourse,Consciousness,and Time[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1994.
[15]Langacker,R.W.Grammar and Conceptualization[M].Berlin:Mouton de Gruyter,1999:171-174.
[16]张翼.“他的老师当得好”句式:认知语法视角[J].外国语.2018,(3):23-30.
[17]邢福义.汉语复句研究[M].北京:商务印书馆,2001:26-32.
[18]张辉松,赵琼.语言强调功能系统:强化及凸显[J].湖北师范学院学报,2008,(5):134-137.
[19]张韧.参照点处理对概念内容的限制:“有”字句的证据[J].外国语,2012,(3):2-12.
[20]魏在江.转喻指称的认知理据及其语用意义--以“表哥”和“房叔”为例[J].外语电化教学,2013,(153):25-29.
[21]Langacker,R.W.Grammar and Conceptua1ization[M].Berlin:Walter de Gruyter.2000:24-25.
[22]胡扬.非典型致使移动构式的认知语用解读--基于典型事件模型的概念整合[J].浙江理工大学学报,2017,(2):145-152.
[23]朴珍玉.现代汉语施事宾语句与基本句的偏离研究.西安外国语大学学报[J].2014,(4):33-36.
[24]Van Hoek,Karen.Anaphora and Conceptual Structure[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1997:58-59.
[25]高原.从认知角度看英汉句内照应词使用的区别[J].外语教学与研究,2003,(3):189-194.
[26]Keenan,A.&B.Comrie.Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar[J].Linguistic Inquiry.1977(8):63-99.
[27]Van Hoek,Karen.Conceptual Reference Points:ACognitive Grammar Account of Pronominal Anaphora a Constrains[J].Language,1995,71(2):310-340.
[28]李丛禾.认知参照点模型与英汉语后指构式[J].外语教学,2009,(5):10-14.
[29]Langacker,R.Baseline and elaboration[J].Cognitive Linguistics,2016,(27):405-439.
[30]Langacker,R.W.Ten Lectures on Cognitive Grammar:Dimensions of Elaboration[M].Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2016:203.
[31]牛保义.认知语法的“语境观”.解放军外国语学院学报[J].2017,(11):78-86.
[2]冶艳杰,高水云,冶慧颖.也说“否则”类复句[J].语言研究,2014,(4):85-88.
[3]胡丽珍,雷冬平.论“除非”的功能及其句式演变[J].中南大学学报,2007,(2):234-240.
[4]张蕾,李宝伦.副词“才”在复句中的语义及对相关格式的允准[J].世界汉语教学,2018,(1):39-50.
[5]赵新,刘若云.“除非”条件句的语义和语用分析[J].语言研究,2006,(1):17-22.
[6]于宏.“除非”意义探究[J].白城师范学院学报,2016,(10):70-73.
[7]朱斌.“如果A,那么B,否则C”的语义关联及其“否”的辖域[J].世界汉语教学,2011,(4):479-489.
[8]王英泽.“除非A,否则B”句式考察[J].黑龙江科学,2013,(10):216-217.
[9]王春辉.条件句中的“那/那么”[J].汉语学习.2015,(4):41-47.
[10]Langacker,R.W.Reference Point Constructions[J].Cognitive Linguistic,l993(4):l-38.
[11]Rosch,E.Cognitive reference point[J].Cognitive Psychology,1975,(7):532-547.
[12]MacWhinney,R.Starting points[J].Language,1977,53:156-165.
[13]Langacker,R.W.Foundations of Cognitive Grammar.V01.II:Descriptive Application[M].Stanford,Cal:Stanford University Press.1991:170-171.
[14]Chafe,W.Discourse,Consciousness,and Time[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1994.
[15]Langacker,R.W.Grammar and Conceptualization[M].Berlin:Mouton de Gruyter,1999:171-174.
[16]张翼.“他的老师当得好”句式:认知语法视角[J].外国语.2018,(3):23-30.
[17]邢福义.汉语复句研究[M].北京:商务印书馆,2001:26-32.
[18]张辉松,赵琼.语言强调功能系统:强化及凸显[J].湖北师范学院学报,2008,(5):134-137.
[19]张韧.参照点处理对概念内容的限制:“有”字句的证据[J].外国语,2012,(3):2-12.
[20]魏在江.转喻指称的认知理据及其语用意义--以“表哥”和“房叔”为例[J].外语电化教学,2013,(153):25-29.
[21]Langacker,R.W.Grammar and Conceptua1ization[M].Berlin:Walter de Gruyter.2000:24-25.
[22]胡扬.非典型致使移动构式的认知语用解读--基于典型事件模型的概念整合[J].浙江理工大学学报,2017,(2):145-152.
[23]朴珍玉.现代汉语施事宾语句与基本句的偏离研究.西安外国语大学学报[J].2014,(4):33-36.
[24]Van Hoek,Karen.Anaphora and Conceptual Structure[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1997:58-59.
[25]高原.从认知角度看英汉句内照应词使用的区别[J].外语教学与研究,2003,(3):189-194.
[26]Keenan,A.&B.Comrie.Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar[J].Linguistic Inquiry.1977(8):63-99.
[27]Van Hoek,Karen.Conceptual Reference Points:ACognitive Grammar Account of Pronominal Anaphora a Constrains[J].Language,1995,71(2):310-340.
[28]李丛禾.认知参照点模型与英汉语后指构式[J].外语教学,2009,(5):10-14.
[29]Langacker,R.Baseline and elaboration[J].Cognitive Linguistics,2016,(27):405-439.
[30]Langacker,R.W.Ten Lectures on Cognitive Grammar:Dimensions of Elaboration[M].Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2016:203.
[31]牛保义.认知语法的“语境观”.解放军外国语学院学报[J].2017,(11):78-86.