岩质相似材料配比的正交试验研究
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摘要
为研究模型试验中岩质相似材料的选择和配比问题,基于正交试验设计方法,选取重晶石粉、石英砂、细砂为骨料,石膏和水泥为黏结剂,设置(重晶石粉+细砂)/骨料、细砂/(重晶石粉+细砂)、(石膏+水泥)/固体、水泥/(石膏+水泥)质量比4个控制因素,每个因素4个水平,共计16组试验方案。通过室内试验,得到不同相似配比下相似材料的密度、抗压强度、弹性模量、黏聚力和内摩擦角等力学参数指标。试验结果表明:相似材料和岩质材料的全应力-应变曲线以及单轴压缩试验的典型破坏形态基本吻合;相似材料密度分布较均匀,抗压强度、弹性模量、黏聚力和内摩擦角分布广泛,达到了模型试验中对岩质相似材料的要求。采用极差分析法和方差分析法对影响材料性质的不同因素进行分析得出,影响密度、抗压强度、弹性模量、黏聚力的主控因素均为黏结剂中水泥的含量,内摩擦角主要受重晶石粉和细砂在骨料中所占比例的控制。研究结果可为后续地质力学模型中岩质相似材料的选取提供一定的理论依据和实践操作经验。
In order to study the selection and proportion ratio of rock similar material in model experiment, total 16 sets of experiment schemes are made by selecting barite powder, quartz sand and fine sand as the aggregates and gypsum and cement as the bonding agents as well as setting the mass ratios of(barite powder+fine sand)/aggregate, fine sand/(barite powder+fine sand),(gypsum +cement)/solid mass and cement/(gypsum +cement) as four control factors with four levels for each factor on the basis of the orthogonal experimental design method. Through the indoor experiment, the physical and mechanical parameters, i.e. density, compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle, etc. of similar materials under different similar ratios are obtained. The experiment result shows that the complete stress-strain curves and the typical failure modes of uniaxial compression test of the similar materials are basically consistent with those of the rocky materials, while the density distributions of similar material are relatively uniform and their compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle are widely distributed, thus reach to the requirement on the rock similar material in the model experiment. From analyzing different factors affecting the material properties with the methods of extremum difference analysis and analysis of variance, it is obtained that all the main control factors affecting the density, compressive strength, elastic modulus and cohesion are the cement contents in bonding agents, while the internal friction angle is mainly controlled by the proportions of barite powder and fine sand in aggregate. The study result can provide a certain theoretical basis and practical operation experience for selecting rock similar material in the subsequent geo-mechanical model concerned.
In order to study the selection and proportion ratio of rock similar material in model experiment, total 16 sets of experiment schemes are made by selecting barite powder, quartz sand and fine sand as the aggregates and gypsum and cement as the bonding agents as well as setting the mass ratios of(barite powder+fine sand)/aggregate, fine sand/(barite powder+fine sand),(gypsum +cement)/solid mass and cement/(gypsum +cement) as four control factors with four levels for each factor on the basis of the orthogonal experimental design method. Through the indoor experiment, the physical and mechanical parameters, i.e. density, compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle, etc. of similar materials under different similar ratios are obtained. The experiment result shows that the complete stress-strain curves and the typical failure modes of uniaxial compression test of the similar materials are basically consistent with those of the rocky materials, while the density distributions of similar material are relatively uniform and their compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle are widely distributed, thus reach to the requirement on the rock similar material in the model experiment. From analyzing different factors affecting the material properties with the methods of extremum difference analysis and analysis of variance, it is obtained that all the main control factors affecting the density, compressive strength, elastic modulus and cohesion are the cement contents in bonding agents, while the internal friction angle is mainly controlled by the proportions of barite powder and fine sand in aggregate. The study result can provide a certain theoretical basis and practical operation experience for selecting rock similar material in the subsequent geo-mechanical model concerned.
引文
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[15] 窦远明,王建宁,朱旭曦,等. 软弱土质类相似材料的配比试验结果分析[J]. 水利水电技术,2017,48(5):128- 135.
[16] 刘佑荣,唐辉明. 岩体力学[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[17] 陈魁. 应用概率统计[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[2] 袁宗盼,陈新民,袁媛,等. 地质力学模型相似材料配比的正交试验研究[J]. 防灾减灾工程学报,2014,34(2):197- 202.
[3] 刘德军. 盐岩地下储气库注采气压变化的三维地质力学模型试验与数值计算分析研究[D]. 济南:山东大学,2010.
[4] 黄秋枫. 地质力学模型试验的相似材料[J]. 现代矿业,2009,25(3):50- 53.
[5] 韩伯鲤,陈霞龄,宋一乐,等. 岩质相似材料的研究[J]. 武汉水利电力大学学报,1997(2):7- 10.
[6] 马芳平,李仲奎,罗光福. NIOS模型材料及其在地质力学相似模型试验中的应用[J]. 水力发电学报,2004,23(1):48- 51.
[7] 张强勇,李术才,郭小红,等. 铁晶砂胶结新型岩土相似材料的研制及其应用[J]. 岩土力学,2008,29(8):2126- 2130.
[8] 李勇,朱维申,王汉鹏,等. 新型岩土相似材料的力学试验研究及应用[J]. 隧道建设,2007,27(S2):197- 200.
[9] 史小萌,刘保国,肖杰. 水泥和石膏胶结相似材料配比的确定方法[J]. 岩土力学,2015,36(5):1357- 1362.
[10] 肖杰,刘保国. 水泥石膏相似材料配比试验研究[J]. 岩土工程技术,2015,29(2):65- 68,108.
[11] 刘瑞江,张业旺,闻崇炜,等. 正交试验设计和分析方法研究[J]. 实验技术与管理,2010,27(9):52- 55.
[12] LIU Qin,LI Shucai,LI Liping,et al. Development of geomechanical model similar material of soft rock tunnels[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2011,168(5):2249- 2253.
[13] 陈卓立,朱训国,赵德深. 深埋隧硐模型试验相似材料配比的多元回归分析[J]. 广西大学学报(自然科学版),2018,43(1):379- 389.
[14] 杨旭,苏定立,周斌,等. 红层软岩模型试验相似材料的配比试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2016,37(8):2231- 2237.
[15] 窦远明,王建宁,朱旭曦,等. 软弱土质类相似材料的配比试验结果分析[J]. 水利水电技术,2017,48(5):128- 135.
[16] 刘佑荣,唐辉明. 岩体力学[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[17] 陈魁. 应用概率统计[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2000.