基于SVD分解和Hadamard变换的图像半脆弱水印技术
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摘要
针对半脆弱水印能区别正常的图像处理操作和恶意篡改的特点,提出一种基于Hadamard变换和SVD分解相结合的半脆弱水印算法。该算法首先对载体图像进行SVD分解,对所有的图像子块进行Hadamard变换,利用量化的方法将水印嵌入。算法针对恶意篡改操作时反应敏感且识别篡改位置能力好,同时对JPEG压缩具有较强的抵抗能力。
The semi-fragile watermarking algorithm based on Hadamard transform and SVD decomposition was proposed to distinguish normal image processing operations from malicious tampering. Firstly, the carrier image was SVD decomposed, and Hadamard transform was performed on all image subblocks. The watermark was embedded by quantization method. The algorithm was sensitive to tampering and had good ability to recognize tampering position, and had strong resistance to JPEG compression.
The semi-fragile watermarking algorithm based on Hadamard transform and SVD decomposition was proposed to distinguish normal image processing operations from malicious tampering. Firstly, the carrier image was SVD decomposed, and Hadamard transform was performed on all image subblocks. The watermark was embedded by quantization method. The algorithm was sensitive to tampering and had good ability to recognize tampering position, and had strong resistance to JPEG compression.
引文
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[10]YIN K X,ZHANG L J,WANG Z S,et al.Digital watermarking algorithm based on chaotic encryption and HVS[J].Multimedia Information Networking and Security,2009,12:134-137.
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[12]QI H,ZHENG D,ZHAO J.Human visual system based adaptive digital image watermarking[J].Signal Processing,2007:174-188.
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[14]ZHANG X,WANG S,QIAN Z,et al.Reference sharing mechanism for watermark self-embedding[J].IEEE Trans Image Process,2011,20(2):485-495.
[15]薛胜男,陈秀宏.基于混沌加密和SVD的数字图像水印算法[J].计算机工程,2012,38(19):107-110.XUE S N,CHEN X H.Digital image watermarking algorithm based on chaos encryption and SVD[J].Computer Engineering,2012,38(19):107-110.
[16]熊祥光,王力.一种改进的DWT-SVD域参考水印方案[J].计算机工程与应用,2014,50(7):75-79.XIONG X G,WANG L.A modified DWT-SVD referenced watermark scheme[J].Computer Engineering and Application,2014,50(7):75-79.
[17]朱光,张军亮.基于SVD和小波包分解的自适应鲁棒水印算法[J].计算机应用研究,2013,30(4):1230-1233.ZHU G,ZHANG J L.Adaptive robust watermarking algorithm based on SVD and wave packet decomposition[J].Application Research of Computers,2013,30(4):1230-1233.
[18]吴捷,马小虎.基于Hadamard变换和LU分解的盲水印算法[J].计算机技术与发展,2016,26(2):82-85.WU J,MA X H.blind watermarking algorithm based on Hadamard transform and LU decomposition[J].Computer Technology and Development,2016,26(2):82-85.
[19]张大兴,李何明,李海华.图像Hadamard变换域鲁棒水印算法[J].计算机与应用,2010,46(5):76-79.ZHANG D X,LI H M,LI H H.Image Hadamard transform robust watermarking algorithm[J].Application Research of Computers,2010,46(5):76-79.
[20]史宝明,李恒杰,贺元香.基于微遗传算法与SVD的鲁棒性数字水印技术研究[J].兰州文理学院学报(自然科学版),2014,28(6):45-49.SHI B M,LI H J,HE Y X.Study of Robust digital watermarking technology based on micro genetic algorithm and SVD[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science:Natural Science Edition,2014,28(6):45-49.
[2]COX I J,MILLER M L,BLOOM J A.Digital watermarking[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2003.
[3]许文丽,王命宇,马君.数字水印技术及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2013.XU W L,WANG M Y,MA J.Digital watermarking technology and application[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2013.
[4]INGEMAR J,MATTHEW L,JEFFREY A,et al.Digital watermarking[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2003.
[5]INGEMAR J,COX I J,MILLER M L.The first 50 years of electronic watermarking[J].EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing,2002(2):126-132.
[6]金正.基于变换域的彩色图像水印算法研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2009.JIN Z.Study of digital watermarking algorithm for color image based on transform domain[D].Changsha:Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2009.
[7]聂雪莲.面向图像版权和内容保护的数字水印技术研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2012.NIE X L.Study of digital watermarking technology oriente to image copyright and content protection[D].Zhengzhou:The PLA Information Engineering University,2012.
[8]王艳辉,王相海.用于图像认证的数字水印技术综述[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(2):33-38.WANG Y H,WANG X H.Digital watermarking technique designed to image authentication[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2007,43(2):33-38.
[9]KUMAR S,SINGH T.Performance improvement of simple LSBwatermarking using SVD[C]//IEEE.2014:133-137.
[10]YIN K X,ZHANG L J,WANG Z S,et al.Digital watermarking algorithm based on chaotic encryption and HVS[J].Multimedia Information Networking and Security,2009,12:134-137.
[11]WEN Q,SUN T F,WANG S X.Concept and application of zero-watermark[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2003,31(2):214-216.
[12]QI H,ZHENG D,ZHAO J.Human visual system based adaptive digital image watermarking[J].Signal Processing,2007:174-188.
[13]HSU C T,WU J L.Hidden digital watermarks in images[J].IEEETransactions on Image Processing a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society,1999,8(1):58-68.
[14]ZHANG X,WANG S,QIAN Z,et al.Reference sharing mechanism for watermark self-embedding[J].IEEE Trans Image Process,2011,20(2):485-495.
[15]薛胜男,陈秀宏.基于混沌加密和SVD的数字图像水印算法[J].计算机工程,2012,38(19):107-110.XUE S N,CHEN X H.Digital image watermarking algorithm based on chaos encryption and SVD[J].Computer Engineering,2012,38(19):107-110.
[16]熊祥光,王力.一种改进的DWT-SVD域参考水印方案[J].计算机工程与应用,2014,50(7):75-79.XIONG X G,WANG L.A modified DWT-SVD referenced watermark scheme[J].Computer Engineering and Application,2014,50(7):75-79.
[17]朱光,张军亮.基于SVD和小波包分解的自适应鲁棒水印算法[J].计算机应用研究,2013,30(4):1230-1233.ZHU G,ZHANG J L.Adaptive robust watermarking algorithm based on SVD and wave packet decomposition[J].Application Research of Computers,2013,30(4):1230-1233.
[18]吴捷,马小虎.基于Hadamard变换和LU分解的盲水印算法[J].计算机技术与发展,2016,26(2):82-85.WU J,MA X H.blind watermarking algorithm based on Hadamard transform and LU decomposition[J].Computer Technology and Development,2016,26(2):82-85.
[19]张大兴,李何明,李海华.图像Hadamard变换域鲁棒水印算法[J].计算机与应用,2010,46(5):76-79.ZHANG D X,LI H M,LI H H.Image Hadamard transform robust watermarking algorithm[J].Application Research of Computers,2010,46(5):76-79.
[20]史宝明,李恒杰,贺元香.基于微遗传算法与SVD的鲁棒性数字水印技术研究[J].兰州文理学院学报(自然科学版),2014,28(6):45-49.SHI B M,LI H J,HE Y X.Study of Robust digital watermarking technology based on micro genetic algorithm and SVD[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science:Natural Science Edition,2014,28(6):45-49.